Petunia ya zo yankin Tsohon Duniya daga Uruguay, ana iya fassara sunan ta "taba". Yanayin Turai don girma petunias sun dace sosai ga wannan shuka wanda a yanzu ana iya samun kyawawan furanni a ko'ina. Shuka da kuma kula da wata 'yar tsana mai sauki ce, dan haka' yan lambu kadan zasu hana kansu jin daɗin dasa shukar furanni mara ma'ana akan rukuninsu.
Yadda ake shuka petunia daga tsaba da yadda ake kulawa dashi
Wannan al'ada ta fure tana daya daga cikin tsirrai da suka fi yawa a cikin gidajen mu. Ta yanayinsa, petunia shine tsire-tsire na perennial tare da harbe-harben herbaceous, amma ana amfani dashi azaman shekara-shekara a cikin aikin lambu na ado. Lambun ko kuma matasan da ke yawo, sun faru ne daga tsallakewa (gurɓataccen ɗabi'a) na nau'ikan biyu - fararen fararen fararen ruwan fure da furen ruwan hoda masu launin shuɗi mai duhu, fure mai kamshi.
Duk nau'ikan kayan lambu na lambu an raba su ta alamar fure a cikin sauki da ninki biyu. Petarancin petunias, bi da bi, an rarrabu cikin duka, tare da kifin wuta da gefen wuta. Terry - a kan babban-flowered da ƙananan-flowered.
Yadda za a kula da petunia a tsakiyar layin? Wadannan tsire-tsire masu unpreentious, fari fari, hoto. Sun iya yin haƙuri mai yawa yawan danshi a cikin ƙasa, amma ba zasu iya tsayawa akan matsayin ruwa ba. Dogara ya yi girma a kan takin ƙasa da ƙasa mara kyau, ƙarƙashin an miya na yau da kullun. Tushen tsarin petunia shine sanda, maras karfi, mai rauni sosai.
A lokacin ƙananan yanayin zafi da ruwan sama mai ƙarfi, fure kusan tsayawa gabaɗaya, amma tare da farkon yanayin dumi, yanayin bushe, ya sake farawa da ƙazantar da ƙarfi. Farkon saurin kaka mai sanyi ana lalacewa ne kawai ta hanyar fure mai fure, yayin da ganyayyaki da ganye ba su lalacewa.
Mai tsananin sanyi a ƙarshen Oktoba - Nuwamba kashe buds, kuma ganyayyaki ya kasance har zuwa dusar ƙanƙara.
A yankin kudu, petunias sun sami damar sabunta kowace shekara daga shuka-kai. Manyan furanni da sababbin iri ana girma ne ta hanyar shuka. Tsaba ta tabbata har tsawon shekaru 3-4. Suna ƙanana kaɗan - a cikin 1 g na manyan launuka masu launi suna ɗaukar kusan 5 dubu guda, kuma a cikin ƙananan launuka-10 dubu guda.
Yadda za a shuka petunia daga tsaba don adana dukkanin halayen ado na furanni? Da zaran an shuka iri, da zaran an dasa shuki, saboda haka ana shuka su ne domin su sami seedlings a watan Maris-Maris. Don haɓakar al'ada na seedlings, ya zama dole don haskaka har zuwa 16 hours na hasken rana. A zazzabi na + 20 ... +22 ° C, tsaba suna girma a ranar 10-14th.
Kamar yadda za'a iya gani a hoto, girma iri yana buƙatar tarar m:
Ana aiwatar dashi bayan bayyanar ganye na gaskiya guda biyu. Ana shuka 'yan ƙwaya a cikin ƙasa a ƙarshen Afrilu, a watan Mayu a nesa na 20-25 cm. Fulawa ta fara a tsakiyar May kuma tana ci gaba har sai sanyi.
Bayan dasa, lokacin da kuke kula da petunia, yana da mahimmanci don cire fure-fure iri iri da kuma kwalaye iri. Sa'an nan shuka, kamar yawancin lokacin bazara, za su yi girma da girma a cikin bazara da kaka.
Yadda ake girma furanni petunia daga cut
Petunia yana yada ba kawai ta hanyar tsaba ba, har ma da yan itace. Yadda za a yi girma petunia daga cuttings a bude ƙasa? Lokacin grafting, ana samun kyakkyawan sakamako idan ba ku yi amfani da sassan apical na harbe ba, amma ƙarshen siban uwan mambobi wanda ya kai tsawon 7-10 cm. Lokacin da aka rabu da shuka mahaifiyar, bai kamata a yanke su ba, amma a hankali an watse.
Wadannan cuttings a karkashin gilashin ko fim a hankali suna kafa Tushen, musamman ma a cikin bazara da bazara. Idan ka yanke shawara don kiyaye iri-iri, ya fi kyau ka yanke shi a lokacin rani ko damina: Shuke-shuke za su sami nasarar tsira daga hunturu a cikin sanyi, daki mai haske tare da zazzabi na + 12 ... +15 ° C kuma a tsiro cikin bazara.
Mafi kyawun nau'ikan petunias na launuka iri-iri, waɗanda aka cika su da inuwa da yawa, ganyayyaki daban-daban da tabo a tsakiyar furanni, ana amfani da su sosai don shirya gadaje furen, rabatok, kan iyakoki, mahaɗa, kayan tsari, suna da kyau ga al'adun tukunya.
Mafi kyawun ƙimar wannan shuka ta duniya shine juriyarta mai ban mamaki ga iska mai ƙarfi. Abin da ya sa ake girma cikin girma a baranda, musamman samfuran ampel a rataye masu shirin shuka.
Daga cikin cututtukan petunias, ganyen ganye na fungal da yanayin hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya hoto yana shafa. Daga cikin kwari, ganye da buds, musamman ma a cikin shekarun rigar ko a cikin wuraren rigar, ku ci slugs. Lalacewa daga tarkokin ruwa cikin sauƙi ana iya gane shi ta hanyar buɗewa da ɓoyewar mucous wanda ya kasance akan tsire-tsire.
Daban-daban mafi kyawun matasan da ampoule petunias tare da hotuna da kwatancinsu
A cikin hankalinku - hoto da kwatancen mafi kyawun nau'in petunias daga jerin kwalliya da jerin matasan:
A cikin babban tsari na petunias, hada-hadar heterosis hybrids suna da fifiko.
Ga wasu daga cikinsu:
Babban "Superbissima". Tsire-tsire na wannan cakuda ya kai tsawo na 70-80 cm kuma an cika su gaba ɗaya tare da manyan (12-15 cm a diamita) furanni masu launuka daban-daban masu launin furanni.
"Ruwan sama". 25-30 cm mai tsayi.Yankuna daga watan Yuni zuwa Satumba. Sanarwar wannan nau'in petunias daban-daban ya dace da sunan ta - furanni na shuka suna ruwan hoda a launi, sun kai girman 7-10 cm. Suna girma a cikin seedlings. Ana shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Fabrairu - Maris. Harbe yana bayyana bayan kwanaki 7-12. Ana shuka 'ya'yan itace a cikin dindindin yayin da hatsarin sanyi ya ƙare. Photophilous, thermophilic da hygrophilous. Ya fi son haske, ƙasa mai laushi, ƙasa-ƙasa mai kyau.
Amfani da dasa shuki akan gadajen fure, cikin ragi, kan iyakoki, a cikin baranda da baranda.
"Frill"cakuda. Musamman petunia, wanda ba za'a iya dangana ga wasu sanannun kungiyoyin wannan shuka ba.
Dubi hotunan waɗannan tsararran petunias - manyan furanni har zuwa 12 cm a diamita suna da matukar lace mai faɗin yadin da aka saka da wuya, kusan "filastik" cibiyar duhu wacce ke tallafa musu:
Wannan yana haifar da sakamako na musamman "crinoline" don furanni - lokacin da babban fure ya isa tsayayya da ruwan sama da kuma mummunan yanayi. Ba kamar sabanin petunias da ya yi kama da haka ba, tana da ƙananan tsire-tsire, wanda ke sa kayan adonsu ba su ƙoshi ba.
Petunia yana da girma-flowered - Itace mai mahimmanci don yin ado da baranda da loggias, kwanduna masu yawa, gadaje furen fure da filayen fure.
"Picoti" - Haɗin ruwan juyi na musamman tare da manyan furanni na launi na asali.
Kamar yadda kake gani a cikin hoto, wannan shine ɗayan mafi kyawun nau'ikan petunias tare da rassan mai yawa da tsayi, fure mai yawa:
Amfani na duniya: babba don filayen fure, rataye kwanduna, akwatunan taga, gadajen fure.
Jerin "girman Rasha" F1 - cakuda. Furanni na sihiri na sihiri da girmansa na ban mamaki - kusan 10 cm a diamita, rufe dukkanin tsire tare da taro mai yawa.
Cikakken kayan ado na kowane lambun fure. Bloom a cikin 12-16 makonni da Bloom profusely, duk lokacin rani har sai fall.
Da ke ƙasa akwai hotuna da kwatancin kyawawan nau'ikan petunias na jerin Exotic:
"Picoti Karammiski" F1. Kyakkyawan sautin launin shuɗi mai launin "velveteen" a hade tare da farin iyaka mai ban sha'awa yana ba da tabbacin sakamako na nasara-nasara.
Fiery Kan-Kan F1. Kyakkyawan saɓani mai kyau tare da tsayayya sosai ga cututtuka da dogayen fure, wanda zai iya ɗaukar tsawon lokaci ya fi na sauran petunias.
Toulouse F1. Kyakkyawan, haɗi na asali na launuka mai laushi na ruwan hoda mai launi da lemun tsami, na musamman ga kowane fure, babu shakka ya sa wannan matasan “artistan wasan kwaikwayo na ainihin”.
Wannan petunia za ta nishadantar da kai da baƙi duk lokacin rani, filayen fure da kwantena!
Bayan haka, zaku sami hoto da bayanin jerin samfuran Partunia petunias F1 - jerin samfuran rabin-matasan da aka kirkira don maye gurbin Ramblin:
Yana da dabi'a iri ɗaya, amma ya bambanta a cikin mafi yawan tsari na fure daga farkon farkon fure. Mafi ban sha'awa su ne samfurori masu zuwa: "Orange," "Rose," "Cream," "Red," "Deep Rose," "Salmon."
Jerin "Minitunia". Waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan petunias matasan ne, waɗanda ke bambanta da yawan furanni da juriya mai ƙarfi. A cikin jerin hybrids: "Rose", "Blue Storm", "Ivory", "Rose Wayne", "Furor" (cakuda).
Jerin "Manyan Ruwa" F1.Waɗannan wasu daga cikin mafi kyawun amintattun petunias, waɗanda ke da tsire-tsire masu fure-iri. Jerin ya hada da 'yan kunno kai.: Laushi mai laushi, Innani, Ja, Lavender fari, Sauki mai sauƙi mai sauƙi, Kawunansu (haɗe).
Jigo na Grandiflora - petunias masu launin-manyan launuka. Abun ya haɗa da: "Girma na Rasha", "Gulliver", "Tauraruwar Kirsimeti", "Ultra", "Frost Fae."
