Sashen: ferns (Polypodiophyta).
Fasali: fern (Polypodiopsida).
Oda: millipede (polypodiales).
Iyali: pterisaceae (Pteridaceae).
Jinsi: Adiantum (Adiantum).
Duba: adiantum venerein gashi (A. capillusveneris).
Adiantum Venus gashi wata itaciya ce mai yaduwa da ake samu a duk nahiyoyi banda Antarctica. A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku inda adiantum yake, gabatar muku da bayanin adiantum - venereum gashi, abubuwa masu ban sha'awa daga tarihin wannan tsirrai da ilmin halitta na haɓakarsa. Hakanan muna bayar da damar koyo game da ma'anar da aikace-aikacen fern a cikin al'adu da ganin hoto na adiantum - gashin gashi.
Yankin da aka rarrabar da shuka na adiantum ya hada da wurare masu zafi, wurare masu dumbin yawa da yankuna masu zafi na Australiya, Yammacin Asiya, Macronesia, Afirka (ciki har da Madagascar), Kudancin da Yammacin Turai, da Arewa da Kudancin Amurka. Tabbatar da ingantaccen ƙasa na tarihi ba zai yiwu ba.
Ina Adiantum yake
Adiantum fern yana haɓaka a cikin wurare masu duhu da laima a kan daskararru kan tsauraran dutse, yawanci kusa da rafuffukan ruwa, magudanun ruwa, ko ma kai tsaye cikin rapids. Hakanan ana samun shi a cikin Bahar Rum akan sandstones da rhyolites, a Ostiraliya da Afirka ta Kudu - a kan ƙasa na alkaline. Da yardar rai ta mallaki tsoffin dutsen da katako, bankunan canals da sauran abubuwan da mutum ya yi. A Burtaniya, a arewacin iyakarta, ya fi dacewa ta zauna a bakin tekun, inda iskar ta yi zafi, amma a wasu yankuna ba a lura da wannan yanayin ba.
Bayanin launuka na gashin gashi
Furancin venereal gashi - ciyawar da ke tsiro har zuwa 30cm babba. Rhizomes creeping, scaly, har zuwa 70 cm tsayi. Yawancin rhizoids masu rikitarwa suna barin su, tare da taimakon abin da shuka ya zama akan gyara. Vaji dogo ne mai tsayi, sau biyu ko sau uku ana zagaye, kusan tsayi cm 50. Rachis (sandar) a cikinsu baki ne, mai bakin ciki, mai waya-mai karfi, tare da fitowar kore koran fitila mai kauri ko fannoni masu fenti har zuwa cm 1 a tsayi. An kirkiro abubuwan baƙin ciki a gefunan ganyayyaki, daga ƙasa.
Adiantum soruses an rufe shi da gefuna na ramin ganye, a lanƙwasa a ciki a cikin nau'ikan aljihuna. Wannan yana hana spores daga danshi da tsinkaye.
Tushen gashi yana da fifiko a cikin al'adun yana yaduwa ne ta hanyar hanyar ciyayi - rarrabuwa na rhizome. A dabi'a, haihuwa da kaciya ta maza ta hanyar mazan ma yana yiwuwa.
Spores ya haifar a cikin ƙwayar sporophyte, sannan ya girma kuma ya zube ƙasa. A cikin yanayi mai laima, karamin tsiron gametophyte ke tsiro daga garesu, wanda akan samu ƙwayoyin mata da maza - gametes. Daga hadadden nau'ikan gametes, an kirkiro zygote, wanda yake girma zuwa sabuwar sporophyte - babbar hanyar rayuwa ta adiantum.
Ma'anar da aikace-aikace na shuka adiantum - venerein gashi
Adiantum Venus Gashi: Kyau (A. formosum), mai taushi (A. tenerum), ƙirar ƙafar ƙafa (A. pedalum), Ruddy (A. raddianum) da wasu mutane sun girma ta hanyar ɗan adam. Wannan shi ne ɗayan mashahuri na cikin gida, greenhouse da ferns na lambu, wanda, duk da haka, suna da matukar ƙarfi. A shuka adiantum ba ya yi haƙuri sanyi, rana mai haske, bushewa kasar gona, kuma a lõkacin da waterlogged, ana samun sauƙin shafi cututtukan fungal.
Adiantum venerein gashi ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu aiki na biologically: flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, oil mai mahimmanci. 'Ya'yan itace, syrups, infusions da kayan kwalliya na ganyayyaki suna da tasirin expectorant da sakamako na antipyretic. Yankunan da aka jera a cikin Turancin Herbal Pharmacopoeia
Hakanan ana amfani da tsire-tsire a cikin maganin gargajiya na asalin mutanen Amurka. Don haka, Indiyawan Navajo suna amfani da jiko na ganye a matsayin magani na waje wanda ke taimakawa wajan cizon kwari da kuma millipedes, kuma mahuna suna shan shi da rheumatism. An yi imani cewa hayaki daga ƙona wani adiantum yana jan mahaukaci.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da gashin fern venereal
An fassara sunan latinum mai suna adiantum daga Helenanci a matsayin "mara soaking". Ruwan ruwa na ruwa yana gudana daga bakin vaya, ya bar shi ya bushe.
Fern venereal gashi a cikin yaren furanni yana nufin cikakken ƙauna; suna cewa yana kawo mata farin ciki. Abin da ya sa ake amfani da kyawawan ganyen wannan tsiro a cikin shirye-shiryen bikin aure.
Duk da cewa adadin wasu mutanen Adiantum yana raguwa, saboda yawancin kewayon, ba a fuskantar barazanar ferns sosai ba. Bugu da kari, ana kiyaye shi a cikin Kuroshiya da Kanada.
