Weigela, dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin buyayyar wuri don waxanda suke da sauƙin sauyawa har ma don malamin gona mai novice, yana nufin tsire-tsire na ornamental. Wannan bishiyar perennial tare da ganye mai ban mamaki da manyan inflorescences masu haske iri-iri. Weigela iri-iri yana da nau'i mai yawa iri-iri, daga cikinsu ya cancanci zaɓi mafi dacewa don yanayin girma. Domin bushes ya girma da yada, ya zama dole a kula da shuka da gaskiya, fara da zabi wani wuri don dasawa kuma yana karewa da samuwar kambi.
Halaye da sifofin shuka
Weigela akwai nau'ikan iri iri, amma dukansu suna da halaye iri daya. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, daji na iya isa mita 3 a tsayi, yana yin kambi mai wuya. Ganyayyaki na Cirrus na iya samun launuka daban-daban daga haske zuwa kore mai duhu. Furanni masu launin farar fata, beige, ja ko rawaya, dangane da ire-irensu.
Kafin dasa shuki a ƙasa a fili da kuma kula da shi, kuna buƙatar sani game da wasu fasalullukarsa:
- shuka ce mai tsananin zafi, a cikin vivo tana girma a yankuna na gabashin;
- daji ba ya jin daɗi a cikin iska mai ƙarfi, harbe da furanni na iya shuɗewa;
- Weigela yana ta haɓaka lokacin da ya fallasa hasken rana;
- yana gyarawa iri-iri yana furewa sau biyu a shekara;
- inji yana da ikon yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba, amma don adana duk halayen iyaye daji yana da kyau a yi amfani da itace.
Tare da ingantaccen shuka na weigels a cikin ƙasa buɗe da kuma kula da shi, ɗan itacen zai iya yin fure sau biyu a shekara. Furen na biyu ba shi da ƙarfi, amma yana faɗuwa a cikin kaka, lokacin da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfe sun riga sun fara bushewa ta hunturu.
Wadanne nau'ikan ne suka dace da namo waje?
Akwai manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan 15 na weigela, kuma game da ƙarin 10 hybrids na ado da aka zaba ta hanyar zaɓi. Ba su bambanta ba kawai a cikin bayyanar ba, har ma a mataki na juriya ga abubuwan muhalli. Misali, dasa shuki da kuma kula da Weigela a Yankin Moscow aiki ne mai wahala saboda raunin dumamar yanayi a cikin hunturu, amma tsiron yayi girma sosai a yankuna masu zafi.
Don namo a cikin ƙasa buɗe, zaka iya la'akari da ɗayan shahararrun mashahuri da ƙarfi na wannan shukar:
- matasan weigela - waɗannan sune nau'ikan da yawa daga 1 zuwa 3 m na tsayi tare da ja, rasberi ko furen furanni (jinsin Gustav Mole, Eva Ratke, Debussy, Candida da sauransu);
- fure weigela shi ne na halitta iri-iri wanda a cikin yanayin yanayi na iya girma har zuwa 3 m, amma low hybrids aka artificially bred don ƙirƙirar gadaje fure da shinge;
- Middendorff - halin karamin girma (har zuwa 150 cm a tsawo), yalwatacce fure da launuka masu launin shuɗi mai haske, yana buƙatar danshi mai yawa.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa wannan nau'in yana da ƙauna-zafi, akwai hoto na dasa weigela a Siberiya da kulawa da shi. Babban abu shine a zabi nau'ikan da ya dace kuma ku dogara dashi ta hanyar danshi. Tabbas, ba duk tsire-tsire ba za su iya rayuwa a cikin canjin yanayin sanyi, amma yana yiwuwa a shuka daji mai cike da saurin gudu.
Roduwayar shuka da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don haifar weigels. A cikin yanayi na dabi'a, yana samar da ƙwanƙwasa iri, amma suna da ƙarancin germination kuma ba sa yin tushe a kowane yanayi. Don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da 'yan itacen da aka saya waɗanda suka kai shekaru 3-3.5. Sun riga sun sami nasu tushen tsarin kuma sun iya tsira daga canjin yanayin zafi a cikin hunturu.
Zabi wani wuri don dasa shuki sharadi ne na ci gaban daji. Dankin yana jin mafi kyawun duka a cikin wurare masu haske, zai fi dacewa daga gefen kudu na gidan. Haka kuma ginin zai kare Weigel daga iska mai sanyi a arewa.
Dasa shuka ana aiwatar da su a farkon bazara, saboda shuka yana da lokaci don ɗaukar tushe sosai ta lokacin hunturu:
- tono rami kusan 40 cm zurfi, zuba magudanar ruwa a ƙasan;
- ya kamata a hada shuka nan da nan tare da humus, humus, ƙara yashi, lemun tsami ko gari daga dolomite;
- an sanya seedling a cikin hanyar da tushen wuya ya zame tare da ƙasa;
- yi barci rukunin ƙasa don kare rhizome daga ƙonewar sunadarai tare da takin mai magani;
- ruwa da shuka yalwa.
Tare da saukowa da ta dace da kulawa, weigel a cikin hoto yayi haske da ban mamaki. Don kambi ya zama lush kuma yada, ya zama dole don kula da nesa na kimanin 1-2 m tsakanin bushes mai nisa.
Dokokin Kulawar Shuka
Kulawar Shrub ya haɗa da shayarwa na lokaci, aikace-aikacen takin gargajiya, har da kambi na girbi da shiri da kuma damuna. Ko muna buƙatar a rufe weigel don hunturu ya dogara da yankin da yanayin yanayin. Idan zafin jiki ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri na sifiri, to, dole fasahar ta rufe mashin ɗin. Wasu bushes bazai sha wahala mai tsananin sanyi ko da a murfin ba, musamman ma seedlings a farkon hunturu.
A cikin lokacin zafi, kula da Weigela ba mai wahala bane:
- kuna buƙatar shayar da shuka a lokacin fari, aƙalla ana ƙara ruwa lita 10-15 a ƙarƙashin kowane daji;
- lokaci-lokaci takin kasar gona da ma'adinai da takin gargajiya (nitrogen, potassium da phosphate da takin zamani a cikin tsirrai daban-daban);
- harbe ana kuma kula da parasites, cututtuka da cututtukan fungal.
Shrubs fi son girma cikin yanayin babban adadin oxygen, don haka dole ne a saki ƙasa. Ana aiwatar da hanyar ne a lokacin shayar da shuka ko takin. Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa rhizome bai lalace ba.
Shuka tsire-tsire
Kulawar Weigel a cikin kaka da kuma shiri don hunturu suna da mahimmanci musamman. Ko da nau'ikan nau'ikan da suka fi dacewa suna buƙatar kariya daga sanyi, in ba haka ba ba za su iya dawo da mahimman matakai ba bayan faɗuwar zazzabi mai kaifi. Idan sun ciyar da wannan lokacin a karkashin murfin, tsire-tsire ba za su sha wahala daga sanyi ba.
Akwai manyan hanyoyi biyu don rufe Weigela don hunturu:
- a ƙarshen kaka, ƙara sawdust ko ƙasa a ƙarƙashin daji, karkatar da rassan kuma kunsa su da kayan abu na musamman (Spanbond), ɗaure rassan tare da igiya;
- gina tsari daga karfe ko katako da kuma kayan kwalliya a jikin bango da rufi.
Ana amfani da zaɓi na farko don tsara nau'ikan tare da matsakaicin matsakaicin zafin hunturu, kazalika a cikin canjin yanayin canjin yanayi, inda babu tsananin sanyi. Iska mai sanyi har yanzu zata shiga, amma kayan da ba sa safa ba suna riƙe da zafi sosai kuma suna kiyaye shuka. Gina greenhouse daga kayan aikin inganta hanya ce mafi aminci, ana bada shawara lokacin kulawa da nau'ikan weigels waɗanda suka fi tsananin sanyi.
Tsara don wigels hunturu a cikin kewayen birni da sauran yankuna tare da yanayin sanyi shine mahimmin tsari. Koyaya, koda wasu harbe suna daskarewa, shuka yana da babban ikon sake sabuntawa. Tare da karuwa a zazzabi a cikin bazara da kuma kunna hanyoyin tafiyar ciyayi, yana da kyau a kafa yawaitar ciyawar daji kuma takin kasar domin ya sake samun karfi bayan hunturu.
Crown pruning
Lokacin girma weigels, ana bada shawara ga datsa kambi a shekara. Wannan yana ba ku damar adana daji daga harbe da suka lalace, ƙirƙirar kyakkyawan tsari kuma ku ba sabon rassi damar girma da haɓaka. Ya danganta da dalilin amfanin gona, an bambanta nau'ikan guda biyu:
- sanitary - wanda aka gudanar a lokacin bazara don kawar da waɗancan rassan da suka lalace ƙarƙashin tasirin sanyi;
- formative - weigel pruning a cikin fall domin ya ba kambi tsari na yau da kullun.
An bada shawarar yankan biyu. A cikin bazara, ana cire lalatattun tsofaffin harbe don sabbin rassa na iya haɓaka cikin haɓaka. Koyaya, girbin kaka shine mafi mahimmanci ga shuka - bayan shi daji yana kulawa don murmurewa da jure sanyi mafi kyau. Akwai sharuɗɗan da yawa kan yadda zaka datsa weigel a cikin fall:
- Ana aiwatar da hanyar nan da nan bayan ƙarshen kaka na fure na daji;
- yanke duk harbe da aka lalace 5 mm sama da ƙarancin lafiyar koda;
- don rejuvenation, an bada shawara a yanke aƙalla na uku na ƙananan harbe;
- cire rassan da suka girma a cikin daji.
Weigela shine fure mai kyau na ornamental shrub. Yana da ban sha'awa lokacin da ake yin ado da lambun, sassan gida, wuraren shakatawa da wuraren nishaɗi. Koyaya, ba duk nau'ikan suna iya zama daidai da sanyi don sanyi da jure hunturu da kyau ba. A cikin yanayin babban bambanci a cikin zafin jiki na iska, har ma da kayan aikin da ke daure sanyi wadanda ke bukatar kariya daga sanyi. Shiryar da Weigela don hunturu shine mafakarsa a ƙarƙashin wata alfarwa ko kuma tare da taimakon kayan da aka gyara. Ragowar shekara, shuka ba shi da ma'ana a cikin kulawa kuma yana gamsar da furanni sau biyu a kakar.
