Kowane ɗan lambu lalle zai sami tsohuwar bishiyar apple mai ƙaunataccen, wanda shekaru da yawa sun faranta wa masu shi da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ƙanshi da ɗanɗano. Kuma ire-ire na wannan bishiyar itace ba koyaushe ake tuna ta ba. Kuma ina son adana wannan itacen bishiyar ga yayana da jikokina. Zaka iya, ba shakka, yi amfani da grafting da cuttings a kan stock, amma wannan aiki ne mai matukar wahala kuma ba kowa ne ya yi nasara ba.
Ana iya magance wannan matsala a cikin tsohuwar hanyar da aka tabbatar, wanda saboda wasu dalilai ba shahararrun kwanakin nan ba ne. Wannan hanyar yaduwar bishiyar apple itace mai sauki ce kuma mai araha ga dukkanin yan lambu. Kuna iya samun ciyawar ta amfani da daskararrun iska.
Menene keɓaɓɓen iska?
Kowane mazaunin rani ya san yadda guzberi, currant ko bushes viburnum bushes ta farawa. An buga reshe kuma an sanya shi a ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa. A cikin wannan halin, zai ɗauki tushe kafin kakar wasa ta gaba kuma a shirye don ci gaban mai cin gashin kansa. Ka'idar girma apple seedlings kusan iri ɗaya ne. Kawai reshe na itace ke da wahalar bugawa zuwa ƙasa don dasawa, saboda haka kuna buƙatar "ɗaga" ƙasa zuwa reshe.
Abin sani kawai Dole a zaɓi reshe na fruiting kuma kewaye da wani ɓangarensa tare da ƙasa mai laima. Reshe dake zaune a cikin gumi a cikin ƙasa na iya samar da tsarin tushensa a cikin watanni 2-3 kawai. Irin wannan seedling ya shirya don dasawa kuma zai iya ba da 'ya'ya a cikin shekaru uku.
Yadda za a zabi da kuma shirya reshe
Ingancin seedling a nan gaba ya dogara da zaɓin da ya dace na reshe, saboda haka kuna buƙatar matso kusa da wannan batun. Reshe yana buƙatar zaɓi lafiya mai kyau da 'ya'ya. Ya kamata ya kasance a gefen rijiyar itacen. Zai fi kyau zaɓi don yaduwar reshe na shekaru biyu ko uku tare da kauri daga kusan ɗaya zuwa ɗaya da rabi tare da haɓakar matasa.
A farkon lokacin bazara, da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, kuna buƙatar saka suturar hannun riga da aka yi daga fim ɗin filastik mai ɗimbin yawa kimanin santimita 40 a kan zaɓaɓɓen reshe. Tare da taimakon matattarar tef, gefuna hannun riga ya kamata a ɗaura rauni zuwa ga reshe. Hannun ya zauna kan reshe har zuwa ƙarshen watan Mayu - farkon watan Yuni, har sai dumu-dumu yanayi zai shiga. Duk wannan lokacin reshe zai kasance cikin yanayin greenhouse kuma haushi ya kamata ya yi laushi kaɗan.
Mataki na gaba shine yanke akan reshe. Kuna buƙatar cire fim ɗin kuma gano iyakar tsakanin reshe na manya da girma. Kimanin santimitaimita goma (a cikin shugabanin akwati na itacen) ya kamata a dawo da shi daga nan sai a yanke farko (zobe) kimanin santimita ɗaya. Bayan haka, komawa baya hagu da dama, yi karin yanka guda biyu a kowane bangare. Wadannan abubuwan zasu haifar da tasirin gaske wajen samar da asalinsu. Tabbatar ka cire dukkan 'ya'yan itace buds sama da abin da aka yanke. A wannan tsari, reshe na iya zama iska.
Rooting iska sa
Don tushen, layering yana buƙatar akwati tare da ƙasa. Kuna iya amfani da kwalban filastik na yau da kullun na yau da kullun, da kuka yanke ƙarshen shi.
Da farko kuna buƙatar saka suturar fim a kan reshe kuma ku kunna ƙananan gefensa zuwa reshe tare da tef. Sannan sai a saka kwalban filastik mai lanƙwasa a jikin reshen (tare da wuyansa ƙasa) wanda yasa murfin reshe yana kusan ƙasan kwalbar, ƙirar matashin yana kusan a tsakiya. An kuma rufe saman hannun riga da tef ɗin lantarki. Duk tsarin ya kamata ya kasance cikin madaidaiciyar matsayi. Don yin wannan, zaku iya jan shi zuwa akwati na itace ko kuma tallafi na musamman.
A cikin kwandon filastik, kuna buƙatar cika mafita don tayar da haɓaka tushen kuma ya bar kwana biyu ko uku. Bayan haka, a haƙa ƙananan ramuka, ƙyale ruwa ya yi magudana, kuma ku cika ganga da gilasai biyu na ƙasar da aka shirya. Ya ƙunshi: ɗanɗano cikakke da ganye, gansakuka, ciyawar lambu da takin. Dole ne cakuda ƙasa ta zama rigar.
Gina takalmin fim da kwalban filastik tare da ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance cikin yanayi mai duhu. Ana iya ƙirƙirar su ta amfani da tsofaffin jaridu. Yawancin layuka na jaridar zai sauƙaƙe ƙirƙirar irin waɗannan yanayi. Gaskiya ne, wani lokacin za a tsabtace su a wasu lokuta don a duba danshi ƙasa.
Watering ya kamata a yi sau ɗaya a mako, kuma a kan ranakun bushe - kowane sauran rana.
Yawancin bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace da bishiyoyi suna ɗauka sosai da sauri, amma akwai banbancen don itacen apple. Tushen gaske bazai bayyana ba har zuwa ƙarshen lokacin bazara. Amma koda kuwa rudume ya bayyana a maimakon tushen a kan yadudduka, to wannan ya isa ya dasa shuki a kan madawwamin wurin.
Aƙalla a tsakiyar ko a ƙarshen watan Agusta, ya kamata a rage taƙarin kashi hamsin, kuma bayan wani sati - yanke shi daga kasan hannun riga ta amfani da kayan lambu. Dukkanin tsarin don germinating tushen seedling an cire kawai kafin dasa. Dole ne a shirya rami don dasa seedling a gaba kuma ya zubar da yawa.
Dasa ɗan itacen ɓauren itacen apple
Lambu na iya zaɓar lokacin dasa shuki daga yadudduka daga iska, da aka ba yanayin yanayin wurin zama. Kuna iya barin itacen har zuwa lokacin bazara mai zuwa (tack) ko dasa shi a wannan shekara.
A cikin yanayin kudu mai ɗorewa, ƙananan bishiyoyin apple suna ɗaukar tushe a cikin sabon wuri da kyau a kaka. An bada shawarar dasa shuki ga waɗanda ke zaune a yankuna masu sanyi. A irin wannan yanayin, yana da kyau a sanya seedling a cikin babban akwati a cikin cakuda ƙasa ta musamman. Yakamata ya haɗa da sassan peat, yashi da ciyawar lambu. A cikin hunturu, itaciyar da ke cikin akwati ya kamata ya kasance cikin yanayi mai sanyi da laima (alal misali, a cikin ɗakin kwanon rufi ko ƙasa). Watering da tsire-tsire ba ya wadatar ba, amma na yau da kullun. Tare da zuwan bazara, ana iya dasa seedling a cikin dindindin wuri a cikin hanyar da ta saba.
Lingsauren da aka girma daga filayen iska ana bada shawarar a dasa su a ƙarƙashin ɗan gangara. Tushen wuyan irin wannan yadudduka ba ya nan, sabili da haka, don gina kyakkyawan tsarin tushen, inji zai buƙaci sarari mai yawa. Plantingwanƙwasa tsiro zai taimaka a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci don shuka bishiyun 'ya'yan itace apple.
