Blackaƙwalwar baƙar fata ita ce cuta ta fungal wacce ke shafar ƙwayoyin kowane tsiro. Don ajiye shukar da ta kamu da rashin lafiya kusan ba ta yiwuwa. A matsayin kariya daga wannan cutar ta rashin hankali, ana bada shawarar aiwatar da matakan kariya daban-daban.
Sau da yawa, mazauna bazara da kansu suna kirkirar yanayi mai kyau don yaduwar wannan nau'in naman gwari. Tare da keta dokokin don kulawa da tsire-tsire, ƙafafun baƙar fata ba zai dauki dogon lokaci ba. Juyawa akan tsire-tsire na iya faruwa tare da danshi na ƙura mai ƙasa, babban matakin acidity na ƙasa, canje-canje mai kauri a cikin zafin jiki, rashi musayar iska ta yau da kullun, ƙaramin tsire-tsire kuma a gaban zayyana.
Menene "ƙafafun baƙar fata"
Siffar halayyar ƙafafu baƙar fata ita ce tatacciyar tarko da ƙanƙantar da kai wanda ke ba da dama ga gefen saboda rashin ƙarfi. Ana iya cire ƙananan tsire-tsire masu sauƙi daga ƙasa, tun da tushen su ba ya inganta, kuma ɓangaren baƙi ya bayyana a kan ƙaramin itace. A tsawon lokaci, ƙwayar ba ta tsayar da nauyinta ba kuma ta karye a wurin lalata.
Kariyar Kafa ta Baki: Rigakafin
Ba abin mamaki ba sai sun ce cutar ta fi sauƙin hanawa fiye da a yi maganin ta. Blackaƙwalwar baƙar fata ba banda ba. Tunda yana da matukar wahala kuma kusan bege yakar ta bayan bayyanar ta, ya fi kyau aiwatar da matakan rigakafin ci gaba da ba mata dama daya.
Bakararre kwantena
Abu na farko da farawa don farawa shine zaɓi na iyawa. Ba wai kawai ya zama mai tsabta ba (ba tare da ragowar ƙasa ba), amma kuma zai fi dacewa a kula dashi da manganese ko maganin sabulu.
Ilasa
Abu na biyu kuma mafi mahimmanci shine zaɓi ko shiri na cakuda ƙasa. Ilasa shine mafi yawan dalilin yaduwar wannan cuta ta fungal, tunda spores fungal suna ciki. Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a lalata ƙasa da mafita da shirye-shirye na musamman.
Naman gwari yana mutuwa a yanayin zafi, saboda haka zaku iya ɓoye ƙasa na dogon lokaci kafin amfani. Ya fi dacewa da sauri don amfani da ƙwayar Fitosporin. Tare da maganin wannan maganin, kawai kuna buƙatar shayar da ƙasa da aka shirya. Don dalilai na lafiya, kar a haɗa ƙasa da takin da aka lalace, domin fungi shine mazaunin wurin. Amma ash ash a cikin abun da aka cakuda ƙasa shine raguwa a cikin acidity ɗin, wanda ke nufin cewa ƙafar baƙar fata zata so shi.
Tsarin iri
Ba tare da gazawa ba, dole ne a shuka dukkan tsaba kafin a dasa shuki a cikin haske na potassiumgangan (aƙalla na tsawon awanni 2-3), sannan a bushe sosai sannan kawai a shuka.
Yarda da yanayin girma
Koda bayan shiri a hankali na kwantena da tsaba, naman gwari na iya bayyana. Wannan duk game da rashin bin ka'idodi na kula da ƙwayoyin cuta. Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi masu dacewa don ci gaba da haɓaka:
- Kuna buƙatar shayar da ƙananan harbe daidai: ta amfani da sirinji na likita ko pipette. Ruwa kada ya faɗi akan tsire-tsire, yana da kyau a ƙara ruwa zuwa trays. Guji wuce haddi danshi a cikin ƙasa.
- Createirƙirar kyakkyawar musayar iska, ku ciyar da mafi yawan iska;
- Cire bambance-bambancen yanayin iska, kar a bar kasar ta sanyaya, a hankali rufe wuraren girma (taga da taga sill), kirkiro yanayin yanayin kwanciyar hankali ga tsirrai matasa.
- Dive a cikin lokaci, kamar yadda densely dasa seedlings matakai ne zuwa ga cutar. Idan za ta yiwu, shuka tsaba a kai tsaye a cikin kananan kwantena. Bayan samuwar cikakkun ganye guda uku, dole ne a dasa tsire a cikin tukunya mafi girma. Tare da daukar hoto na lokaci-lokaci, tsire-tsire a cikin lokuta masu wuya na iya yin rashin lafiya tare da ƙafa na baki.
- Kada a yi amfani da miya kafin a nutse. A matakin farko na ci gaban shuka, dole ne a yi amfani da takin nitrogen, kuma nitrogen na jan ƙafaƙar fata. Zai fi kyau a fara saka miya bayan an yi ruwa a ciki. Seedlingsarfafa seedlings masu sauki su yi tsayayya da cuta.
- Kula da mahimmancin hasken don shuka, yi amfani da ƙarin hasken wucin gadi don kada tsirrai su shimfida wurin neman tushen hasken. Plantsasashe masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi zasu iya samar da isasshen haske, kuma irin waɗannan tsire-tsire basu da abin tsoro.
Yin gwagwarmayar da kafafu baƙar fata: yadda za a adana shuka
Gardenerswararrun lambu da kuma lambu suna ba da shawarar a kai a kai kuma suna bincika yara matasa da ƙananan ƙwayoyi don gano cututtuka da kwari. Idan an sami akalla tsire-tsire guda ɗaya masu kamuwa da cuta, yana da gaggawa a kawar da shi, kuma a yi ƙoƙarin kare sauran gwargwadon iko.
A bu mai kyau canja wuri da lafiya seedlings zuwa sabuwar ƙasa da wuri-wuri. Kar a manta don maimaita duk matakan kariya tare da kasar gona da kwantena. Wannan hanya, kodayake tana da matsala, ita ce mafi inganci.
Kuna iya yin ba tare da juyawa ba. Theasar da ke kusa da kyawawan tsire-tsire ya kamata a rufe ta da santimita mai santimita biyar na itace (a cikin ɗakinta tsarkakakke ko gauraye da yashi) ko ƙura mai ƙura a cikin foda. Bayan haka, ana amfani da spraying tare da kwayoyi na musamman ko magungunan jama'a:
- An ƙara 2 grams na Fundazole a lita 1 na ruwa
- Don 1 lita na ruwa - 2 milliliters na Previkur
- Fitosporin
- Don lita 1 na ruwa - 100 grams vodka
Bayan irin waɗannan al'amuran, ana yin ƙaramin ruwa ne kawai bayan saman ɓangaren ƙasa ya bushe. Don ban ruwa, yana da kyau a yi amfani da jiko na albasa kwasfa ko bayani mai ruwan hoda mai sauƙi. Irin waɗannan hanyoyin tsabtace ruwa suna dogara da ƙananan tsirrai.
Lokacin da girma tumatir seedlings, zazzabi tsire-tsire za a iya ba na biyu damar, musamman idan kowane seedling kirga. Tsire-tsire da aka shafa daga naman gwari (a matakin farko), tare da sashin da ke da lafiya, yi ƙoƙarin ajiye ta pinching. Rarrabe sashin lafiya daga sashin da ya kamu sannan a saka a ruwa domin tsiro. Akwai babban yiwuwar cewa tsire-tsire zasu ɗauki tushe kuma zasu fara girma kuma.
