Kafin ya ci gaba da bayanin da aka ambata, dattijon, a fili, ba zai iya yin ba tare da mahimmin ɓacin rai ba. Abu ne mai fahimta: tsofaffin mutane koyaushe suna cike da baƙin cikin tunanin shekarunsu. Wani mai fahimta, cikin girmamawa yana tunani: "Bari dattijon yayi magana, watakila rai zai iya jin daɗi." Na gode da goyon baya.
"A cikin kwanaki na shakku, a cikin kwanakin bincike mai zafi," Ina sake karanta labarun da tatsuniyoyin I. Bunin game da filin karkara, yanayi da ƙasa, game da mutanen Rasha. Abin baƙin ciki ne, saboda kaɗan yana canzawa don mafi kyau a ƙauyukan Rasha. Sannan ya sake karanta labaran Jarida ta L. Tolstoy da F. Dostoevsky akan yadda zasu yi rayuwa ga mutanen Rasha da kuma abin da rayuwarsu zata kasance anan gaba. Karatun yana hade da tunanin tunanina na soja a cikin wani ƙauye mai nisa, ƙauye inda ko Nazis ba zai iya isa ba, a fili saboda kusancinsa da rashin saurin ratsa shi. Tare da tunanin, an haifar da tunani game da asalin Rasha. An rubuta abubuwa masu kyau da marasa kyau da yawa akan wannan batun. Da yake gamsuwa da ra'ayin cewa a cikin ƙasashen Yammacin Turai ƙa'idar kayan duniya ta kasance tare da halayenta na “fashion whim”, a can rayuwar jin daɗin rayuwa “kusan nagarta ce” (K. Aksakov); a Rasha, a tsakanin ma'aikatan talakawa, akwai farawar ruhaniya, "lamiri da ruhu," wanda ya dace da "sauki na bukatun rayuwa" da tsinkaye na arziki kamar wani abu na biyu (P. Kirievsky).
Rutabaga. © 'Ya'ya iri“Wane irin asali ne za mu iya magana a kai idan ku, tsoffin lokutan, ba sa shuka irin waɗannan kayan lambu waɗanda suka girma a lambun tsohuwar ku a cikin gidanka na lokacin rani?” Na yi tunani. kaka, kaka za ku iya haifarwa? Kulag, ce, ko bushewar beers? "
Godiya ga bikin: ya jagoranci marubucin mara dadi a cikin 70s na karni na 20 zuwa Amurka, lokacin da wani jirgin ruwa mai kyan gani ya fashe a cikin mashin a karamin jirgin ruwan Corpus Christi. Me yasa? Don siyan hatsi, kaɗan, da yawa tan dubu 60, saboda a wannan lokacin Russia ba zata iya ciyar da kanta abinci ba. Tun da wannan ita ce jirgin ruwa na farko da dan kasuwa na Rasha a Amurka kuma tun da yake akwai dumama a dangantakar da ke tsakanin kasashen biyu, mutane sun yi ta fashewa yayin balaguron jirgin. Kirsimeti (Kirsimeti), don haka mutane suka zo da kyautai. Kyaututtukan da aka dafa gida-gida ne, galibi kayan abinci ne. Akwai baƙi da yawa daga waɗanda kakanninsu suka taɓa zama, da daɗewa, a cikin Rasha. A wannan lokacin ne matukan jirgin ruwan Rasha suka sadu da samfuran samfuran da aka sanya bisa ga tsoffin girke-girke na Rasha, daga cikinsu akwai busasshen ƙwaro. Ba ya bushe kamar yadda kakata ta yi, amma a cikin dogon sanduna, da kuma maɗaurin murgudawa, ga alama, don kyakkyawa da sauƙin amfani.
Wasu daga cikin yaran wadanda shekarunsu basu wuce shida zuwa 8 sun kasa samun iyayen su gida daga jirgin, saboda haka suna son kayan aiki, daga gadar kyaftin da kuma gidan mai hawa zuwa dakin injin din, haka kuma, hakika, halayyar jami'an. Abu ne mai sauki: yaransu sun kasance a wurare masu nisa. A wannan yanayin, iyayen sun nemi izinin zuwa jirgin da maraice don kawo yara kanana gado da canza tufafi, kuma a lokaci guda na shakatawa don abincin dare. "Shin zai yiwu mu bi da matuƙin jirgin ruwa da ruwan inabi?" - sun yi tambaya game da wannan izinin daban. Mun yi mamakin wannan tambaya: "Ta yaya mutum zai iya zuwa ziyarar ba tare da giya ba, da alama Russia ba ta yarda da wannan ba." Yawancin magungunan gida an kawo su cikin jita-jita. Anan mun hadu da salads, ɗayan kayan haɗin rutabaga. Baƙin Amurkawa sun yi mamakin cewa yawancinmu ba su da labarin wannan kayan lambu, saboda rutabaga ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a Amurka. Gaskiya ne, an kira shi daban: Rutabaga (jakar-tushe) ko, mafi sauƙi kuma, watakila, yanayin, turnip.
Bari mu, kamar yadda suke faɗi, mu maido da adalci na tarihi kuma mu biya wannan kayan lambu da kuma al'adun kakanninmu. Tabbas, yanzu ba zakuyi mamakin kowa ba tare da zane-zane na kasashen waje, capers ko avocados da aka siya a kowane babban kanti. Amma har yanzu kuna ciyar da abincin kakaninmu - wanda ba a taɓa mantawa da shi da amfani sosai rutabaga, ba za ku rasa ba.
Rutabaga. Johnathan NightingaleM kaddarorin swede.
Akwai tabbacin cewa mutane sun girma rutabaga tun lokacin da. A bayyane yake, mafi yawan bayanan gaskiya game da asalin kayan lambu ya kamata a yi la’akari da su sakamakon ƙetare kabeji da gurnani a wata hanya ta zahiri, i.e. da kanta. Yadda rutabaga ya zo Rasha - kai tsaye daga Turai ko daga ƙasashen Scandinavia - ba shi da mahimmanci a gare mu, bari masu bincike suyi mamakin hakan. Da farko talakawa ne kawai ke cin rutabaga, amma daga baya sai aristocrats har ma da masarauta suka zama masu sha'awar hakan, da sanin yadda suke da daɗi da ƙoshin lafiya. A karni na XVII, sun fara shuka shi a cikin lambunan sarauta a Ingila, kuma har ya zuwa yau a wannan kasar suna son dafa nama tare da nama. Kuma a Jamus sun ci kuma suna son komai. Maimakon tatsuniyar tatsuniya game da turnip, Jamusawa suna da tatsuniyoyi game da rutabaga, kuma babban Goethe ya kira kayan rutabaga mai daɗin ji.
Masana suna ɗaukar wannan tushen amfanin gona ainihin ɗakunan ajiya na bitamin da ma'adanai. Swede ya ƙunshi isasshen bitamin C, B1, B2, P, baƙin ƙarfe, potassium, alli, sodium, phosphorus, aidin, da fiber, sitaci, sunadarai, wasu mayuka masu mahimmanci. Duk wannan an kiyaye shi daidai a cikin rutabaga yayin ajiyayyen ajiya har ma bayan magani mai zafi. An dade ana amfani da Rutabaga wajen maganin tari mai bushewa, dukkan nau'o'in kumburi da warkarwa mai rauni. Kayan aiki ne mai ban mamaki don ƙarfafa kasusuwa da enamel na hakori, azaman diuretic da laxative, kuma ana amfani dashi akan ƙonewa. Rutabaga kuma yana da tasiri ga tsarin abinci mai gina jiki. Wannan tushen amfanin gona ne stewed, soyayyen, gasa, dafaffen kuma cinye sabo. Masu sha'awar wannan kayan lambu musamman kamar salads a cikin yawancin bambancin hade tare da wasu kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa har ma da berries.
Rutabaga. Johnathan NightingaleRutabaga antioxidant ne mai ban mamaki.
Yana rushewa kuma yana cire cholesterol mai cutarwa daga jiki, amfanin swede a abinci yana kara inganta garkuwar jiki. An lura da shi: wanda ke da halin cin rutabaga da ƙarancin sanyi yana da tsananin sanyi kuma ya ma fi ƙarfin damuwa. Wasu sanannun kafofin kiwon lafiya suna ba da shawarar rutabaga don cututtuka na kodan, zuciya, laryngitis, naƙasasshen hanji, ƙwanƙwasa fitsari, pyelonephritis, edema, hauhawar jini, ciwon sukari, rashin bacci, atherosclerosis na zuciya da tasoshin kwakwalwa, raunin narkewa, maƙarƙashiya, da kiba. A matsayin rigakafin cututtukan cututtuka da yawa, ana bada shawara don amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace rutabaga sabo. Contraindications: rutabaga bai kamata a ci abinci tare da rikicewar hanji mai ɓacin rai ba, musamman yayin tashin zuciya, tare da matsanancin ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayar cuta da kuma cututtukan ƙwayar cuta.
Rutabaga fasahar aikin gona.
A inji shi ne unpretentious, sanyi-resistant, na iya girma a kan kowane ƙasa, amma mafi kyau - a kan yashi loam ko loamy. Idan ƙasa tana da acidic, ana bada shawara don ƙara ash ko lemun tsami a ciki. Ya kamata a tuna da cewa sabo taki ne mai cutarwa ga wadannan albarkatun gona, sun fi son takin. Wasu masana sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da takin gargajiya (taki, humus, takin) da takin ma'adinai (urea, superphosphate, salt salt) daga kaka zuwa waɗancan gadaje waɗanda rutabaga ke shirin dasawa a bazara.
Tsire-tsire suna haɓaka talauci a wurare masu duhu, tare da rashin haske. Kuna iya shuka rutabaga a farkon Mayu. Gadaje suna rami mai zurfi, ƙasa ta kwance. Ana ba da shawarar tsaba a cikin ruwan dumi, kuma bayan bushewa, ana iya shuka su akan gado. Nisa tsakanin layuka yakamata ya zama kyakkyawa - har zuwa rabin mita, zurfin seeding - 1-2 cm Don ingantacciyar hulɗa da tsaba tare da ƙasa, ya kamata a matse ƙasa. Bayan bayyanar ganye na gaskiya guda biyu, ana fitar da tsire-tsire, nisan da ke tsakanin su a jere ya zama cm 20-25. Rutabaga, kamar duk tsararrun bishiyoyi, yana buƙatar danshi mai yawa, musamman a farkon watanni da na ƙarshe na lokacin girma. Komawa da busasshiyar iska suna sanya tushen ciyayi da ɗaci. Sau da yawa a lokacin bazara, zaku iya ciyar da rutabaga tare da slurry na rauni mai ƙarfi, fermenting jiko na ciyawa kuma ƙara abubuwa masu alama. Ya kamata ku damu da mutuwar ƙananan ganye a saman: wannan al'ada ce don rutabaga, wannan fasali ne na wannan shuka. Tushen amfanin gona sun girma a farkon wata na 4 na ci gaban su, a wannan lokacin sun sami nauyi har zuwa 1 kg. Ya kamata a cire Rutabaga kafin sanyi. Tushen Tushen an bushe, a yanka fi kuma a dage shi a kantin kayan lambu. Rutabaga tare da tushen gefen kankari kuma bai dace da abinci ba: tana da tsauri kuma maras kyau, saboda haka an ƙi shi.
Rutabaga. S Tim SacktonRutabaga ya girma a cikin shuka, yana shuka shuka a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. A wannan yanayin, ana shuka seedlings a cikin ƙasa a cikin farkon Yuni yana da kimanin kimanin kwanaki 40 daga lokacin shuka tsaba.
Recipes daga rutabaga.
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, rutabaga za'a iya dafa shi, soyayyen, gasa, ƙara a cikin miya da salatin. Rutabaga gasa tare da kwai. Wannan zai buƙaci: rutabaga ɗaya ko biyu, ƙwai da yawa, 2 tbsp. tablespoons na gari, biyu zuwa uku tbsp. tablespoons na kirim mai tsami, gram 60 cuku, man kayan lambu don soya, gishiri - dandana. Rutabaga yana peeled, an cika shi da ruwa kuma a tafasa har sai an shirya rabin. Bayan haka, yanke shi cikin yanka, gishiri, mirgine a cikin gari kuma toya a garesu. Cuku yana daɗaɗɗa, kuma kirim mai tsami an haɗu da qwai. An zubar da Rutabaga tare da cakuda cakuda da aka shirya tare da kirim mai tsami, duk wannan an yayyafa shi da cuku kuma a gasa a cikin tanda har sai cuku ya narke.
Turnip salatin tare da apples:
Don irin wannan salatin ya zama dole: rutabaga biyu, apples 3, ɗaya tbsp. cokali na lemun tsami ruwan 'ya'yan itace, daya tbsp. cokali cokali uku na zuma, kirim mai tsami domin miya, sprigs biyu na seleri da faski. Ruwan rutabaga yana shafawa a kan grater, an yanka apples a cikin tube (ba tare da ainihin ba). An cakuda apples tare da rutabaga grated, ruwan lemon tsami da zuma kuma an haɗa wannan duka tare da kirim mai tsami kuma an yi masa ado da ganyen seleri da faski.
Turnip salatin da abarba. Cajsa LilliehookRutabaga gasa tare da namomin kaza:
Za mu buƙaci: kayan lambu mai tsayi mai inganci, 200 grams na namomin kaza mai dafaffen fata (porcini, boletus, namomin kaza, chanterelles, da sauransu), albasa biyu masu girma, man kayan lambu don soya, game da gilashin kirim mai tsami. Shiri: an dafa rutabaga a cikin tanda da peeled. An cire ɓangaren litattafan almara daga tsakiyarsa, wanda ya kamata a yanyan shi. Sara da kuma toya da albasa a cikin kayan lambu, ƙara kirim mai tsami da kuma namomin kaza Boiled a cikin kwanon rufi kuma ɗauka da sauƙi a cikin wannan. Na gaba, yankakken romon rutabaga kuma ƙara gishiri a cikin cakuda da aka toasted. Da wannan ciko tsakiyar rutabaga ya cika (cike), an dafa shi da mai, sanya shi a cikin kwanon gasa a gasa a murfin har sai an dafa (kusan mintuna 30). Sannan yakamata a zuba mai da kirim mai tsami a sanyaya. Haka kuma, zaku iya dafa rutabaga cushe tare da cuku gida. Rutabaga, wanda aka yanka a cikin rabin, yana cike da kusan gram 300 na cuku gida, wanda rabin ma'adanin zane. tablespoons na semolina, qwai biyu, biyu tbsp. tablespoons na granulated sukari, 20 grams na man shanu da yankakken rutabaga ɓangaren litattafan almara, ɗauke shi daga tsakiyar tushen amfanin gona. Bayan haka an gama komai, kamar yadda a girke girke-girke na baya.
Wasu mutane suna son yin rutabaga cutlets:
Wajibi ne a ba da ɗanyen ganyayyaki kaɗan, a yanka su gunduwa-gunduwa kuma dafa har sai da laushi. Sa'an nan kuma wuce ta nama grinder, gishiri, ƙara 3-4 qwai, 2-3 tablespoons na melted man shanu, 200 grams na farin fari mahaukaci, nutmeg da Mix shi duka sosai. Cutlets an yi su ne daga shirye-shiryen da aka shirya, an yayyafa shi da garin gurasar da aka soya a cikin kayan lambu. Ana iya bautar da su a teburin duka mai zafi da sanyi. Wannan babban darasi ne na biyu, mafi mahimmanci, yana da koshin lafiya.
Dankali a biredi (daga tsohuwar girke-girke):
- Wanke swede mai matsakaici biyu, zuba ruwa mai sanyi da tafasa. Kwasfa, a yanka a cikin cubes, zuba broth nama har sai an rufe cubes rutabaga, an sanya su a cikin akwati. Sannan ƙara kimanin kwata na Art. tablespoons na gishiri, daya tbsp. cokali na cokali kaɗan, rabin tbsp. tablespoons na gari. Kuna buƙatar dafa don akalla sa'a ɗaya, lokaci-lokaci yana motsawa ko girgiza kwanon rufi. Ana amfani da miya tare da dafaffen naman sa ko soyayyen, meatballs ko croutons kawai.
- 5-6 rutabaga ya tafasa a cikin ruwan gishiri, ana tare dashi da ruwan sanyi, a gasa shi a yanka a cikin sassa da yawa. Sa'an nan kuma sanya yankakken guda a cikin kwanon rufi, ƙara Art. cokali cokali na man shanu, a baya yayyafa tare da cokali (tbsp.) na gari, tbsp. cokali cokali biyu na sukari. Dukkan an zubar da wannan, kamar yadda a baya, tare da naman sa, amma (sabanin girke-girke na baya) gauraye da ruwan innabi mai zaki a cikin rabo na kimanin 2 zuwa 1. Za a iya ba da wannan miya tare da kowane abincin nama.
Mashed dankali da rutabaga:
Wasu masoya rutabaga suna ba da dafa dankali da masara tare da rutabaga. An dafa shi da dankali. Wannan puree ya zama mafi dadi da baƙon abu a cikin dandano kuma ana bada shawarar shi azaman gefen kayan lambu don bikin kaka ko lokacin hunturu.
Chips daga Rukva:
Don shirya kwakwalwan kwamfuta na 1 kilogiram na swede, zaku buƙaci 100 g na man shanu, 1 kofin ƙwayar kaji, 1 teaspoon na gishiri, barkono ƙasa (dandana), cokali 3-4 na sukari. An rutabaga peeled kuma a yanka a cikin yanka. Man shanu suna motsawa a cikin abincin kaji, ana ƙara barkono baƙar fata da gishiri a ɗanɗana, cokali ɗaya na rabin. Ana kawo garin alayyafo a tafasa, a sa yanka a ciki na rutabaga, wanda aka dafa minti 10. Bayan wannan, an fitar da rutabaga, an bushe kuma an shimfiɗa shi a cikin kwano mai daɗaɗɗa, an yayyafa shi da yanka na sukari da ya rage. Chips an gasa a zazzabi na digiri 180. kamar minti 10. Kwakwalwar da aka shirya ta wannan hanyar za'a iya ba da abinci tare da abinci na nama.
