A tsakanin mazauna rani da kuma lambu akwai ko da yaushe aka kasance ra'ayi cewa radishes su ne mafi unpretentious farkon kayan lambu mai amfanin gona, wanda kusan babu goyon baya ake bukata. An yi shuka iri, an hana kwari kuma an shayar da su. Za a iya girbe amfanin farko a ƙasa da wata guda. Kamar dai radishes na iya girma gaba ɗaya kuma koyaushe suna kawo girbi mai kyau.
Abin baƙin ciki, masu mallakar ƙasa na yanzu suna da gunaguni da tambayoyi da yawa game da narkar da radishes. Ko dai ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta mara kyau, tushen amfanin gona ba ya haɓaka wa matsakaitan matsakaitan da ake buƙata. Bari muyi kokarin fahimtar dalilin da yasa wadannan matsaloli suka taso da kuma yadda za'a magance su?
Babban matsaloli a girma radishes
Seedarancin ƙwaya
Dalilin - kasar gona tayi sanyi kuma da yalwar danshi. A karkashin waɗannan yanayin, ƙwayoyin ba su girma, amma fara farawa kuma ba sa shuka.
Iya warware matsalar shine a shuka iri iri kafin a shuka. Don kada su lalace daga matsanancin danshi, yana da kyau a sanya su a cikin jaka da aka yi da masana'anta na halitta da kuma kimanin kwana bakwai kafin shuka, binne shi a shafin a cikin karamin rami (ba fiye da santimita ashirin zurfin ba). Yankin zai kiyaye danshi, amma ba zai bada izinin aiwatar da lalata ba. Kafin yin shuka, dole ne a bushe tsaba tsawon awanni biyu.
Babu tushen kafa
Dalilin shi ne cewa gado yana cikin inuwa (rashin haske da zafi), da kuma rashin potassium a cikin ƙasa.
Magani - lokacin dasa shuki, kuna buƙatar ƙara ash na itace zuwa ƙasa, gonar don radishes ya kamata ya kasance a wuri mai zafi.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu ƙarancin haske - tare da fiber masu yawa ko "wofi" a ciki
Dalilai:
- Soilasa ta ƙunshi wuce haddi na nitrogen;
- Rashin ruwa mai kyau (mai yawa ko moisturean danshi a cikin ƙasa);
- Wanda aka shuka a zurfafan ƙasa;
- Lokacin girbi.
Magani:
- Bi ka'idojin ruwa.
- Kar ku wuce da yawan amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen.
- Shuka tsaba a zurfin da bai wuce milimita biyar ba.
- Kada kuyi amfani da taki a matsayin taki.
- Kada a ƙara yawan amfanin gona a kan gadaje, amma a tattara akan lokaci.
Radish ganye a cikin kibiyoyi da fure
Dalilai:
- Don dasa, tsoffin da ƙanana an yi amfani da su;
- Tushen tsarin tsirrai ya lalace;
- Tasirin tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana;
- Dry iska da yawan zafin jiki sosai.
Magani:
- Dole ne ku zaɓi mafi kyawun tsaba kuma kawai tsaba kawai don dasa.
- Don dasa shuki, yi amfani da kayan rufaffen (opaque).
- A lokacin thinning, yi amfani da pinching. Ja daga shuka daya, zaka iya lalata tushen wani, wanda yake kusa.
Yaushe Zuwa Shuka Radish
Manyan mahimmancin wannan kayan lambu shine yanayin yanayi. Kwanan nan, ana iya lura da dusar ƙanƙara kusan a tsakiyar Afrilu, kuma bayan kusan wata daya da rabi, ainihin lokacin zafi yana farawa. Gaskiya bazara na iya rage tsawon lokaci. Amma radish ya fi dacewa a girma a zazzabi na daga goma sha biyar zuwa goma sha takwas na zafi. Sai dai itace cewa mafi kyawun yanayi ya fara farawa a watan Mayu, lokacin da radish yakamata yayi girma. A sakamakon haka, maimakon amfanin gona mai kyau na succulent, ana samun bouquets na "tukwici" fure.
Ganin canjin yanayin yanzu, dasa a watan Mayu ba zai samar da amfanin da ake tsammanin radishes ba. Lokacin dacewa shine Maris - Afrilu ko Yuli - Agusta. Yuni ba ya dace da dasa wannan tushen amfanin gona saboda mafi tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana, wanda zai cutar da samuwar "Tushen".
Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don shuka iri.
Shuka hunturu - daga Oktoba zuwa Nuwamba
A wannan lokacin, kuna buƙatar zaɓar yankin da ke da fitila a kan ɗan tudu domin a lokacin bazara ƙasa take ɗumi sama da sauri kuma ruwan sanyi ba ya tsayawa. Giraren kan gado ya kamata ya zama aƙalla santimita biyar a zurfi. Tsaba basa buƙatar zama pre-soaked. Bayan an shuka iri, za a rufe tsintsaye da ƙasa na peat ko humus (kimanin santimita biyu), sannan kuma tare da gonar lambu.
Shuka hunturu - daga Disamba zuwa Fabrairu
Shuka radishes a wannan lokacin shine mafi dacewa ga waɗanda suke zaune a cikin gidansu, kuma gonar tana kusa da shi. Ya kamata a shimfida gadajen a kan wannan shafi kamar yadda a farkon hanyar. Ana shuka tsaba kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa mai sanyi, idan ya cancanta, share shi daga dusar ƙanƙara. Ana buƙatar gadaje da ake buƙata tare da takin ko kuma peat Layer.
Hawan farkon bazara - daga farkon zuwa tsakiyar Maris
A gaban rufaffiyar greenhouse, wannan shuka za a iya a za'ayi a amince da shi. Tare da wadataccen lokacin ruwa da kuma na yau da kullun, a watan Afrilu zai yuwu a ji dadin albarkatu na tushen m.
Lokacin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mara kyau, ya fi kyau a fara yin ayyukan shirya waɗanda zasu taimaka dumama cikin lambun kuma su hana ƙwaya mutuwa. A cikin kusan mako guda, yi amfani da mafita ta musamman tare da ingantattun ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa ƙasa kuma ku rufe yankin tare da fim mai kauri. Wannan zai taimaka wajen farfado da ƙasa. Jin free shuka iri a cikin irin wannan kasar gona.
Gabaɗaya, za'a iya shuka shuka farkon bazara kai tsaye a cikin dusar ƙanƙara ko kan kankara. Dusar ƙanƙara da kankara yayin narkewa zasu shiga cikin ƙasa kuma suna ɗaukar tsaba tare da su. Gaskiya ne, tsayi da yawa a cikin rigar sanyi da yanayin sanyi na iya lalata tsaba.
Late seeding - daga Yuli zuwa Agusta
Radishes dasa a wannan lokacin yawanci ba mafi sharri, kuma wani lokacin ma mafi kyau, da wuri. Za'a iya dasa shi a waɗancan wuraren da tuni an girbe amfanin gona na kayan lambu. An ba da shawarar nan da nan bayan an shuka iri don rufe ƙasa da ciyawa. Radish girma cikin waɗannan sharuɗɗa a cikin kibiyoyi ya fita a lokuta da wuya sosai.
Dokoki don shuka radish
Matsayi don gadaje tare da radishes ya kamata ya kasance a cikin wani yanki mai buɗewa, nesa da bishiyoyi da manyan tsirrai, da hasken rana da kyau.
Radish ba za a iya dasa bayan tsire-tsire na dangi na cruciferous, kuma musamman bayan kabeji. Manyan magabata na wannan al'ada zasu kasance kokwamba, tumatir, dankalin turawa, zucchini, wake da kabewa.
Soilasa don dasa ya dace da kowane abun da ke ciki, amma koyaushe yana kwance. Grooves an yi santimita 2 zurfi (a kan ƙasa mai dausayi) ko 4 santimita (a kan "ƙasa mara kyau").
Kafin shuka tsaba a cikin barbs, yana da mahimmanci don zuba karamin Layer na yashi mai kyau da katako mai itace, kuma a cikin ƙasa "matalauta" - Layer na farko kuma zai kasance takin. Nisa tsakanin tsaba shine kusan santimita 5, kuma a cikin hanyoyin - 15 santimita. Da wannan shuka, ba za a buƙaci tsire-tsire a cikin nan gaba ba. Shuka tsaba kada ta kasance mai zurfi - ba fiye da rabin santimita ba, in ba haka ba tushen amfanin gona zai zama fibrous.
Kawai precocious irin radish ana shuka su. Varietiesayan daga baya na iya samun lokacin girma da zuwa kibiyar.
Don hanzarta bayyanar seedlings, ya zama dole a jiƙa tsaba (aƙalla na mintina 15-20) kuma a tsara su. Daga manyan tsaba, ana kafa amfanin gona a baya. Shuka tsaba soyayyen, shuki zai bayyana a cikin rana, kuma bushewar tsaba zai fito bayan kwanaki 4-5.
Dokokin Kulawa da Rashi
Radish yana buƙatar yalwataccen ruwa da yawan shayarwa (kowace rana da safe da maraice). Daga rashin danshi, ciyawar shuka zai fara. Na farko watering ya kamata a da za'ayi nan da nan bayan da shuka tsaba.
Nan da nan bukatar mu ciyawa da aisles. Yanke ciyawa, yan itacen dabinan itace, kwandon sheda, tsiro - wannan kyakkyawan ciyawa ne ga radishes. Za ta iya kula da danshi da yakamata na dogon lokaci a kan gadaje, wanda yake da matukar muhimmanci ga ci gaban da bunkasar amfanin gona.
Tare da dasa bazuwar iri iri ba tare da lura da tsaka-tsakin tsakanin tsirrai ba, dole ne a aiwatar da aikin. Matashi mai santimita-biyar masu tsayi, amma ana ba da shawarar tsire-tsire masu rauni daga sama, amma a kowane hali ya kamata a fitar da su don kada su lalata maƙwabta, waɗanda suka fi ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
Dole ne a sa ido sosai don kare tsire-tsire daga kwari. Ofaya daga cikin manyan kuwa ita ce ƙyamar gardama. Tana ciyar da yara masu taushi. A matsayin kariya, zaku iya amfani da murfin da aka yi da kayan abu mai yawa wanda ba zai bada izinin danshi da iska su wuce ta ba.
A mataki na samar da 'ya'yan itace, babban adadin haske don radishes yana contraindicated. Kuna iya rage awoyi na hasken rana tare da taimakon kayan rufe murfin haske, wanda ake amfani dashi da rana (bayan misalin 6 da safe).
Overexposure na 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin ƙasa take kaiwa zuwa asarar juiciness da hollowness, don haka kuna buƙatar girbi akan lokaci.
