Roawan cikin gida suna da mashahuri sosai har suka fara ɗaukarsu azaman nau'in ado na lokacin ko kuma lafazin kirsimeti. Mutane da yawa masu noman fure kawai suna fitar da fure bayan fure, dukda cewa koda a cikin tsarin girke-girke ya kasance cikakkiyar bishiyoyi kuma yana da ikon faranta mana shekaru. Baya ga hunturu mai sanyi, don sake-farawa wardi kawai suna buƙatar kulawa ta dace. Babban mahimmin abu shine ingantaccen pruning, wanda kusan babu banbanci da sarauniyar lambu.
Runaukar ɗaki ya tashi.
Ba za a iya kira wardi na cikin gida da wahala shuka tsirrai ba. Kawai a gare su kuna buƙatar zaɓa gwamnatocin zafin jiki a hankali kuma kusanci da kula. Idan kun kewaye da wardi da hankali, za su yi fure ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba kuma kusan kullum.
Don wardi na cikin gida, shayarwa, da kayan miya, da samun damar shiga cikin tsaftataccen iska, da kuma bincike akai-akai suna da mahimmanci. Amma idan duk sauran abubuwan kulawa na asali suna "da alhakin" ga lafiya da ƙarfi na tsirrai, to ɗayan hanyoyin shine mabuɗin furenta mai yalwar ci gaba.
Pinging shine babban sirrin fure na marmari na kayan fure. A cikin wannan ƙananan kofe na fara'a na lambun (waɗanda suke wardi na cikin gida) basu da bambanci da kowane sauran wardi.
Don wardi na cikin gida, wajibi ne don aiwatar da nau'ikan abubuwa uku:
- Regular, na shekara-shekara don yin gyaran gashi da fure.
- Jerawa pruning don magance rauni ko ya ɓace harbe.
- Itace lokacin, wanda aka rage zuwa cirewar sassan jikin shuka.
Ba tare da togiya ba, duk wardi na cikin gida, ba tare da la'akari da asalinsu da aji ba, juriya har da mafi kyawun pruning kuma suna bada izinin samuwar. Kuma ƙaramin, da floribunda, da nau'in Sinawa ana yanke su bisa ga dokokin ƙa'idodi.
Lokacin da za a rage shinge na cikin gida, yana da matukar muhimmanci a bi duk ƙa'idodin tsabta da tsabta:
- yi amfani da kayan aiki masu kaifi kawai, kuma mafi kyawu - keɓantattun wurare na musamman don yankan bushes;
- Tabbatar da kayan aikin masu tsabta kuma ku kula da wuraren aikin tare da masu maye;
- kai tsaye aiwatar da dukkanin sassan tare da kayan kariya.
Ko da menene pruning a kan wardi, har ma a cikin dakin, za a yi yanka yankan daidai, a hankali duba wurin da aka zube su. Don wardi na cikin gida, ana yin pruning ne kawai sama da kodan, kusa-kusa, amma har yanzu yana barin wani yanki na gangar jikin kimanin 0.5 cm tsayi don kawar da haɗarin lalacewar koda da kanta. Ana lalatar da harbe-harben zuwa nama mai lafiya. Ana yin yanki kawai a wani kusurwa, daga koda.
Babban pruning na gida wardi
Ana girbe wardi na cikin gida don yin tazara na bushes kuma kamar fure mai yawa gwargwadon ka'idodi iri daya da ka'idoji kamar yadda kowane ciyayi na daji yakeyi, gami da girki na lambun. Rage dukkanin tsoffin harbe don tashe sabuwar girma shine babban aikin. Ba shi yiwuwa a ta da girma da ƙarfi, lafiya da kuma high quality-matasa harbe ba tare da pruning: na cikin gida tsarina fure a kan harbe na yanzu shekara, kuma ba tare da pruning, fure zai zama wanda bai isa ba.
Ana aiwatar da pruning na asali na kyakkyawa bayan tsawon lokacin hutawa kuma kafin farkon ci gaban aiki. Yawanci, pruning na wardi ne da za'ayi a watan Fabrairu ko farkon Maris. Amma ya fi kyau a mayar da hankali ga alama mafi bayyananniyar cutar - kumburin koda. Bai kamata su farka ba, su fara haɓaka, amma kawai suna "tanƙwara" saboda haka yana da sauƙin gane maki abubuwan ci gaba. Tsawon lokacin awoyi na hasken rana ya kamata ya wuce awa 10.
Don gida wardi, duka marigayi da farkon pruning daidai suke da haɗari:
- idan za'ayi girki kafin lokacin tsari, a cikin kankanin lokacin hasken rana, sabbin harbe zai yi rauni sosai, kuma duka ciyawar da fure zasu sha wahala;
- idan an gama girki a makara, lokacin da ci gaba ya fara tasowa daga kodan, to a sakamakon aski na ajiyar zuciya, haɓaka zai daina, shuka zai kashe kuzari akan karbuwa, kuma dukkan ci gaban da za'a yi shine za'a “lalata” kuma zai ƙosar da shuka.
A cikin gida ya tashi a cikin tukwane na fure.
Babban pruning yana farawa ba tare da janar na kullum ba, amma tare da tsabtace tsabta. Wannan hanya ita ce mafi kyau ga dukkan tsirrai a cikin lambun da na amfanin gona na gida:
- Da farko dai, cire dukkan lalatattun, busassun harbe. Ana yin daskararru zuwa kyallen takarda masu lafiya. Idan babu ma'ana a ci gaba da ragowar harbin (alal misali, idan babu kodan a kansa), sai a yanke zuwa gindin.
- Duk mai rauni, elongated, thinned harbe ana yanka a ƙasa.
- Shrubs a hankali duba da kuma yanke wa gindi daga reshe, thickening da kambi da girma a cikin bushes. A yayin cropping, kuna buƙatar sharewa:
- karfi da karkatar da harbe;
- twigs ba tare da babban koda na tsakiya ba;
- ɗayan ɓoyayyen ɓawon fure da ƙarin rassan da suka girma daga koda ɗaya.
Idan an aiwatar da pruning bayan fure, to kafin babban pruning, a baya an rasa ko sababbin wuraren yankan matsalar, ana aiwatar da iko.
Doka mafi aminci, wacce zata baka damar datse wardi koyaushe, shine yanke duk harbe har zuwa rabin tsayin su. Idan baku da gogewa na girma wardi a cikin al'adun daki ko kuma kuna tsoron haramtawa, to sai kuyi amfani da wannan ka'idar girkin. Wannan shi ne mafi amintaccen zaɓi don pruning na gida wardi.
Idan pruning ba ta tsoratar da ku, kuma zaka iya kewaya cikin shuka kanta, zaku iya "kirgawa" kumburin kuma ku daidaita girki daban-daban akan kowane daji, to ya fi dacewa kuyi amfani da ƙasa da ƙasa, amma kuma ingantaccen dabarun ingantawa. Duk harbe-harbe na wardi na daki suna gajarta, yana barin aƙalla 3 masu inganci a kansu (mafi ƙarancin adadin shine 4-5 buds). Mataki na pruning ne m dangane da ake so compactness da siffar daji, yanayin shuka, kauri da tsawo daga cikin harbe. Sesananann furanni kamar ƙyalƙyamin ƙwaya kamar girki-girma, mai ƙarfi mai rauni ana yanke zuwa kashi uku, kuma akan madafan iko za ku iya barin har zuwa 5-6 buds. A kowane daji, wajibi ne don barin harbe kwarangwal mai kwarangwal 4-5 (yawanci ana gajarta su zuwa 3-5 ne, suna barin gindin 10-15 cm).
Samuwar wardi za'a iya yi yadda kuke so. A lokacin da pruning wardi, za ka iya saka mai tsananin, kusan topiary siffar kwallon ko mazugi, za ka iya iyakance tsawo ko sa bushes “lebur”. Daban-daban nau'ikan wardi sun kasance "masu yiwuwa" ga siffarsu ta musamman. Don haka, floribundas da Sinanci (Bengal) wardi na cikin gida suna da tsari, kullun roan itace arean lokaci suna girma a cikin yanayi mai siffar zobe, conical ko elliptical. Idan aka sayi fure tare da wani nau'in daji, to, tare da kayan kwalliya na yau da kullun ana tallafawa kuma ana yin gajerar harbe. Idan za a ba wani ɗakin fure sabon fasali, to, zai fi kyau a samar da hankali a hankali kuma a tsawan shekaru, a yankar wani ɓangaren harbe a kowace shekara kuma a ba da lokaci na shuka don ingantaccen lokaci na kambi da sabuntawa.
Baya ga babban kayan kwalliya, ya kamata a bi ta wardi a duk tsawon shekarar. Idan wasu harbe suka girma ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba, sun yi rauni sosai ko na bakin ciki, shimfiɗa ta, tsayawa “bare”, zai fi kyau cire su kai tsaye.
Kula bayan babban datsa
Roses waɗanda suka bi hanyoyin da ake yin kayan girkin bai kamata a fallasa su da rana ba kuma suna da dumi. Kafin takaddun ganye su bayyana, ƙawataccen ɗakin kwalliyar an adana su mafi kyau a cikin ɗaki tare da zazzabi mai sanyi na kimanin digiri 10-11 kuma a cikin yaduwar haske. Ana iya sake shirya su zuwa haske mai haske kuma zuwa yanayin zafi daki sai kawai bayyanar ganye na farko.
Watering bayan pruning na dakin fure ya kamata sosai m. Shayar da ruwa a wannan matakin babbar barazana ce, kuma cikakkiyar bushewa ta keɓaɓɓen mai yiwuwa ba zai ba da izinin shuka ya saki rassa mai ƙarfi. Manyan riguna ba su ci gaba ba har sai wardi suka fara haɓaka. Zai dace a kula da yanayin zafi: ƙara zafi a cikin makonnin farko bayan pruning yana ƙara haɗarin yaduwar cututtuka da lalacewar wardi na cikin gida tare da cututtukan fungal.
Kula da wardi na cikin gida bayan an gama girki.
Andarin da jiyya na lokaci
Cikakken pruning na wardi na cikin gida yana farawa daga matakin fure. Kamar yadda tare da lambu beauties, fruiting a cikin gida wardi adversely shafi tsawon lokaci na fure da halaye. Dole ne a sa ido akan bushes ɗin a kai a kai kuma a cire fure filted daga shuka. Irin wannan "tsabtacewa" ba kawai zai iya shimfida fure ba, amma kuma ya ba da damar da za a yi sha'awar bushes ɗin da ba a ɗauka a cikin tukwane, wanda har yanzu ba ya ƙawata kallon mayukan furen.
Babban hanyoyin yanayi a lokacin furanni:
1. Da zaran furanni ya tashi akan fure, duk runtse sassan rassan sai ya gajarta zuwa farkon ganye (ganyen ganye biyar) ko kuma farkon farkon toho yana kallo. Pinging sama da koda yana da za'ayi bisa ga guda dokoki kamar yadda babban pruning a cikin gida wardi.
2. Idan kana son cimma daidaitaccen fure daga fure, bayan an buɗe furanni gabaɗaya, zaku iya yanke tushe zuwa toho na biyar, don haka yake ƙarfafa ci gaban sabbin harbe da fure. Kowane sabon shoot a lokacin da dukkan girma girma ne taqaitaccen da kuma lokacin babban pruning. Wannan zaɓi yana ɗaukar lokaci kuma ba koyaushe yana haifar da sakamakon da ake so ba, a cikin yanayin mafi guntu sa'o'i a cikin hasken rana, fure zai dakatar da fure ta wata hanya, don haka ya fi kyau kawai a cire ɓataccen inflorescences a cikin hanyar da ba a hada da girki da fure ba.
3. A matsayin ɓangare na ƙarin matakan, kar a manta don cire ɓangarorin bushe ko lalacewa. Dry ko fara bushe ganye ko twigs ma fi kyau a datsa, ba tare da jiran tsabtacewar bazara ba.
Ya kamata a ƙulla abubuwan ƙarshe na inflorescences na lalacewa tare da tsabtace tsabta - cire lalacewa, rauni, bushe, ciyawar ko ciyawar. Bayan thinning kuma barin kawai rassan lafiya mai ƙarfi don hunturu, suna rage haɗarin yaduwar cututtuka da kwari. Tsabtace tsabtace bayan fure ba lallai ba ne, ana iya haɗe shi da babba. Kuma a cikin wannan al'amari ya fi kyau a mai da hankali kan abubuwan da kuke so da kuma ƙarfin ku.
