Wani ɗakin fure yana da kyau sosai, kuma duk da gaskiyar cewa yana da wahala wajen kula da shi, ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu lambu. Gaskiyar ita ce, fure mai fure na iya yin ado da kowane gida. Amma don haɓakar ta don cin nasara, ya kamata ku san rulesan dokoki da dabaru.
Yadda ake adana daki ya tashi bayan sayan
An bambanta cikin gida ta hanyar kulawa da buƙatarsa da yanayin girma, don haka girma shi a gida yana da wuya. Bayan da aka sayi wannan shuka a cikin shagon, zai buƙaci kulawa ta musamman, in ba haka ba yana iya matuƙar yiwuwa daji ya mutu.
Mafi sau da yawa, fure da aka saya kwanan nan yana kama da ƙarfi, lafiya da kyan gani, kuma da alama ba za a taɓa samun matsala da shi ba. Amma ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin shagon ana ciyar da tsire-tsire tare da masu kara kuzari, kuma suna da marufi na musamman wanda ke kiyaye babban zafi. Bayan an sayi fure da saka kan windowsill, zai rasa matsayin da ya saba. Fara fara lambu, 'yan kwanaki bayan an samo fure, fara samun matsaloli a ciki: ana lura da launin rawaya, walƙiya da faɗuwar ganyayyaki, baƙi da yawo a cikin buds. Sa’annan daji ya mutu, kuma mai fure ba zai iya yin komai game da hakan ba.
Ya kamata a lura cewa dukkan nau'ikan iri da nau'in wardi an yi niyya don narkar a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, amma wasu daga cikinsu an daidaita da su don namo gida. Koyaya, dole ne a ɗauka a zuciya cewa girma su a kan windowsill har yanzu yana da wuya. Abin da ya sa, nan da nan bayan sayan, furanni zasu buƙaci jerin matakan ceto, koda kuwa suna da lafiya, sabo da ƙarfi.
Siffofin kulawa da ɗaki ya tashi kwanan nan da aka siya a shagon:
- Idan fure yana da kayan shirya murfin, to lallai ne a cire shi. Duk da gaskiyar cewa kunshin yana taimakawa wajen kula da zafi mai zurfi, wani daji saboda hakan yakan shafi cututtukan fungal koda a shagon fure yake. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa marufi ya keta madaidaicin canjin iska, yayin ƙirƙirar yanayi ingantacce don yaduwar ƙwayoyin funggen pathogenic.
- Dukkanin farantin ganye da suka bushe dole ne a yanke su da almakashi ko kuma keɓewa, kuma dole ne a cire duk busassun bushe da baƙi.
- Hakanan ya kamata ku yanke duk furanni da furanni, duk da cewa suna da kyau sosai, saboda a matsayinka na mai mulki, fure irin wannan daji yakan faru ne ta dalilin motsa jiki ta hanyoyi na musamman da kuma yanayin wucin gadi. Gaskiyar ita ce shuka ta ciyar da dukkan karfin ta akan fure, sannan kuma ta mutu. A wannan batun, ana ba da shawarar gogaggen fure masu fure don yanke duk buds da furanni tare da tallafawa harbe.
- Hakanan kuna buƙatar bincika yadda yawancin bushes ke cikin tukunyar filawa. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa don ƙirƙirar daji mai kauri da tasiri a cikin tukunya 1, ana shuka yawancin kwafin yanzu yanzu. Bushes suna girma a cikin tanki guda ɗaya suna tsoma baki da raunana juna, kuma sun fara rasa abubuwan gina jiki. A wannan batun, dole ne a dasa bushes a cikin tukwane na mutum.
- Lokacin da aka dasa shukar daji, zasu buƙaci magani tare da mai cutar kwari (Fitoverm), da kuma ƙwayar antifungal (Fitosporin).
Juya daki ya tashi
A lokacin juyawa na ɗakin fure, dole ne a cire shi a hankali daga tsohuwar tukunya, kuma kuna buƙatar ɗauka tare da dunƙule na ƙasa. Sa'an nan a hankali bincika tushen tsarin, wanda aka ciki tare da earthen dunƙule. Idan Tushen suna na bakin ciki kwatankwacin gashin baki ko launin ruwan kasa, ya lalace ko ya bushe, to wannan yana nuna cewa daji zai mutu nan bada jimawa ba. Koyaya, zaku iya ƙoƙarin ajiye fure, saboda wannan ya kamata ku yanke cutukan da suke buƙatar kafe.
Idan tushen lafiya, to, za su sami rawaya mai launin shuɗi ko cikakken farin launi, suna da yawa da bakin ciki, suna kama da waya. Idan kawai wani ɓangare na tushen ya bushe ko ya lalata, to, yakamata a cire shi, kuma waɗanda ke da ƙoshin lafiya su kasance.
Don dasawa, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar sabon tukunyar fure, yayin da a ƙasa ke yin kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa, don wannan zaku iya amfani da yumɓu mai yumɓu ko wasu kayan. Don dasawa, kuna buƙatar amfani da cakuda ƙasa, wanda aka ƙaddara don wardi ko lambun. Haɗin ƙasa mai rahusa ba zai dace da waɗannan dalilai ba, tunda yana ƙunshe da adadin peat, yayin da akwai therean abubuwa masu amfani. Masana sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da haɗewar ƙasa mai ma'ana ta musamman. Idan ana so, za a iya yin gurbin shuki da irin wannan tsiron da hannuwanku, don wannan, ƙasa mai dunƙule, ƙasa, humus, yashi da turɓaya an haɗa (1: 1: 1: 1: 3).
Dole ne a rufe murfin magudanar ruwa tare da ƙasan ƙasa, wanda aka haɗa. Shigar da daji a cikin kwandon, wanda aka ɗauke tare tare da dunƙule na ƙasa, dukkanin voids dole ne a cika da sabon substrate, kuma ya kamata a tsare shi da hankali, tun da fure bai kamata ya rataye a cikin akwati ba, amma ya kamata a daidaita shi sosai. A shayar da daji da aka dasa, yi amfani da gurɓataccen ruwan sha ko zazzabi a zazzabi.
Dole ne a kula da daji akan cututtuka da kwari masu cutarwa. Bayan dasawa da pruning, fure yana da rauni sosai kuma cututtuka daban-daban suna iya shafar su. Game da wannan, ƙwararrun masu noman fure suna bada shawara don kula da bushes don dalilai na rigakafin.
An bada shawara don fesa wani tsiron da aka dasa tare da Epin, wanda zai sa rigakafin shuka ya sami ƙarfi sosai, har da rage damuwa daga dasawa. Dole ne a sanyaya daji a kai a kai daga mai sprayer, saboda yana buƙatar zafi mai zafi, musamman a cikin yanayin aiki dumama ko bushewar iska sosai. Recommendedaramin daji da rauni ya bada shawarar a rufe shi daga sama tare da kwalban da aka dafa wanda ke da ƙananan ramuka. Godiya ga wannan, yana yiwuwa a ƙirƙirar yanayi na greenhouse, kuma bayan shuka ya ɗauki tushe, sannu a hankali ya saba da yanayin ɗakin.
Bayan an gama juyawa, an ɗora kwandon tare da fure a kan teburin da ke cike da haske. Idan babu windowsill na rana a cikin ɗakin, to daji zai buƙaci ƙarin hasken wuta tare da fitilun mai kyalli. Za a buƙaci ƙarin haske a cikin hunturu.
Kula da daki ya tashi
Haske
An bambanta cikin gida ta hanyar daukar hoto. Don daji ya zama lafiya, ƙarfi da kyan gani, zai buƙaci haske mai yawa. Don haɓaka irin wannan al'adar, wajibi ne a zaɓi windowsill na hangen nesa na kudu. Furen da ke girma akan windowsill daban dole ne a haskaka shi a cikin hunturu.
Yanayin Zazzabi
Ya kamata a girma wardi na cikin zazzabi na 18 zuwa 25. Tun da fure an yi niyya don narkar da ƙasa a cikin ƙasa, don ita don girma da haɓaka daidai, tana buƙatar sabon iska. A lokacin rani, ana bada shawarar tura daji zuwa baranda ko kuma gonar. A wasu lokuta, dole ne a sanya bushes a cikin iska ta tsari, yayin da ya kamata a kiyaye su daga zayyanawa, saboda suna cutar da wannan al'ada.
Yadda ake ruwa
Don ban ruwa amfani da ruwa kafaffen a zazzabi dakin. Idan ruwan yayi sanyi, to hakan zai cutar da fure. Dole ne a sanyaya ta hanyar daga sprayer duka a lokacin rani akan ranakun zafi da kuma hunturu. Idan fure na kusa da mai hita, to, ya kamata a saka tukunya a cikin kwanon rufi, wanda aka cika tare da daskararren yumɓu.
Manyan miya
Don shirya miya, dole ne a yi amfani da takin gargajiya don wardi. Manyan riguna suna farawa ne da bazara, kuma ya ƙare da farkon hunturu. Ana yin su sau 1 a cikin kwanaki 15-20. A cikin kaka, da yawan takin mai magani ya kamata a rage hankali.
Kiwo
Don yada irin wannan shuka, ana amfani da hanyar yanka. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da yanke tsayi a tsawon kai game da santimita 15, yayin da yakamata su sami fure da yawa. Don tushen, ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa, kuma a saman murfin jaka ko kwalbar da aka toya. Don tushen ganyen, zaka iya amfani da ƙananan kofuna na seedling.
Tushen suna bayyana bayan rabin wata. Dole ne a hankali saba da yanayin cikin gida bayan fararen samari masu girma a kanta. Juyawar daskararren itace ana aiwatar da shi ne kawai lokacin da tsarin da ya samo asali sosai a cikin shuka.
Turawa
Don samar da kyakkyawan daji, mai shuka zai buƙaci kayan kwalliya na tsari. Ya kamata a aiwatar da su a cikin bazara. Wajibi ne a yanke rassan da suka shimfiɗa a cikin hunturu, har yanzu sun fara bushe furanni, bushe da rassa.
Gudun ruwa
Idan kun kirkiro da ingantaccen yanayi mai kyau, zai yi fure a kowane mako 8-9 a cikin shekara. Kyakkyawan daji mai ɗaukar hoto tare da ƙananan, furanni masu ado na launuka daban-daban. Don Bloom ya lush, an sa shuka cikin wuri mai sanyi a cikin hunturu, tabbatar da zaman lafiya. Don yin wannan, yanke harbe na wardi zuwa 10 cm.
Cututtuka da kwari na wardi na cikin gida
Tashi ya bushe
Mafi sau da yawa, ɗaki ya tashi ya fara bushewa a cikin hunturu ko bazara. A kan kwanakin zafi, shuka ya fi girma yawan danshi, saboda haka kuna buƙatar saka idanu a hankali game da zafi na substrate. Kada a bada izinin ƙasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya, kuma dole ne a sanya ciyawar cikin daji daga kayan da aka toya. A cikin hunturu, saboda kayan dumama, iska a cikin ɗakin ba ta da yawa, saboda haka furen ba ya da danshi. Bushewa da shuka yana faruwa ga dalilai masu zuwa:
- Tsarin tushen ya mutu ko ya ji rauni, kuma ya rasa ikon shan abubuwan gina jiki da ruwa.
- Rashin ruwa ko kasala mai laushi.
- Wucewar zafi a daki.
- An girma daji kusa da kayan wuta.
A farkon alamar bushewar ganyayyaki, dole ne a ɗauka nan da nan a dauki dukkan matakan da suka wajaba don adana shuka. Da farko dai, ya kamata ka kalli matsayin da ke cikin kwandon shara, in ya bushe, to, fure na bukatar shayarwa. Idan ta tsaya kusa da mai hita, to dole ne a nisanta ta da ita. Dole ne a saka kwandon a cikin kwanon rufi, wanda aka cika da cike da yumɓu mai laushi, kuma dole ne a girka daji da ruwa mai tsabta tare da mai toka. Idan daji bai da girma sosai, to ya kamata a rufe shi da jaka ko kuma kwalbar da aka yanka a saman. Ana cire tsari kawai idan fure ya koma al'ada.
Idan bayan duk matakan da aka bayyana a sama an ɗauka, shuka bai sake warkewa ba, to ya kamata a cire shi daga cikin tanki kuma ya kamata a bincika yanayin tushen tsarin. A cikin batun lokacin da tushen ya bushe, maras nauyi kuma duhu cikin launi, tsirrai na iya mutuwa. A wannan yanayin, gardenersan lambu da ke da gogaggen bayar da shawarar yankan itace daga ciki. Gaskiyar ita ce idan tushen ya bushe kuma ya mutu ko da menene dalilai, ba zai yiwu a rayar da su ba.
Yellowing ganye
Babban musabbabin rawaya na ganye:
- yawaita ruwa, tushen tsarin bashi iska;
- karancin baƙin ƙarfe (chlorosis);
- kwari masu cutarwa;
- substrate ya ƙunshi nutrientsan abubuwan gina jiki, misali: potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus ko manganese;
- lalata tushen tsarin.
Idan bushes fara juya launin rawaya, to, da farko kuna buƙatar fahimta idan an lura da tururuwar ruwa a cikin cakuda ƙasa, wannan yana faruwa tare da matsanancin ruwa sosai. Idan akwai ruwa mai yawa a cikin substrate, to lallai ya zama dole a rage ruwa, yayin da ya kamata a dakatar da shi na ɗan lokaci, amma ya kamata a fesa daji a hankali.
Idan an sayi fure a cikin shagon, kuma ba ku da lokacin juya shi cikin sabon tukunya, to lallai ne a yi wannan a nan gaba. Amfani da fure wanda fure ke tsiro a cikin shagon ya ƙunshi ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki. Hakanan, daji na iya fara canza launin rawaya saboda cakuda ƙasa wanda aka sake sanya shi idan yana da inganci mara kyau.
Idan ana so, ana iya ciyar da bushes tare da takaddun takaddun don tsire-tsire na fure, mafi kyau idan an tsara shi musamman don wardi. Idan, bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan babban miya, ganye ya fara juyawa zuwa launin shuɗi, to ya kamata a dasa fure zuwa cikin abin da ke ƙunshe da babban adadin abubuwan gina jiki. Don dasa shuki, ba da shawarar amfani da ƙasa mai gonar ba.
Idan cakuda ƙasa ya ƙunshi adadin ƙarfe, to, daji kuma yana iya fara juya launin toka, saboda a wannan yanayin chlorosis yana shafar shi. Ana amfani da Ferrovit ko chelate baƙin ƙarfe don kayan miya, kuma kuna buƙatar yin komai bisa ga umarnin.
Idan an lura da tsayayyen ruwa a cikin substrate na dogon lokaci (wannan na iya faruwa har a lokacin da daji ke cikin shagon), to, rot na iya bayyana akan tushen sa. Idan launin tushen ya zama launin ruwan kasa ko baƙi, kuma idan an matsa tare da yatsunsu an ji rauni cikin sauƙi, to wannan yana nufin cewa tsarin tushen ya lalace kuma ba shi yiwuwa a komar da shi. A yayin taron cewa kawai wani ɓangare na tushen ya mutu, ya kamata a datsa, sannan kuma za a dasa tsire a cikin sabon tukunya tare da sabon salo da magudanan ruwa mai kyau, yayin ƙoƙarin hana ɓarkewar ruwa a cikin cakuda ƙasa.
Don shayarwa, zaka iya amfani da ruwa kawai a zazzabi a daki. Gaskiyar ita ce ruwan sanyi mai narkewa yana narke abinci mai gina jiki wanda yafi muni da ruwa mai ɗumi, a sakamakon haka, daji ya fara jin ƙarancin su. Kuma fure sau da yawa yakan yanke hukunci idan yana da rauni rigakafi.
Akwai wani duhu, walƙiya da tashi a kusa da ganye
Za'a iya lura da jujjuyawar bushewa da bushewa ganyayyaki idan maɓallin da ke cikin tukunya ya bushe (an bayyana shi dalla dalla sama). Kuma bushewar ganye da faɗuwar ganye na iya faruwa saboda dalilai kamar su:
- daji ya daskare (wani daftarin, dakin ya sami iska a lokacin hunturu, kuma iska ta hura akan tsirrai, da sauransu);
- fure ya shafi cutar fungal;
- kwari masu cutarwa;
- an zuba shuka da ruwa mai sanyi;
- hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri
Dole ne a cire mai duhu da bushe mai tushe da ciyawar. A tsawon lokaci, daskararre daji zai tashi da kansa, yayin da farantin ganye na sanyi mai sanyi zai tashi.
Idan cuta ta shafi ɗakin fure da cuta ta tono, to, tohonta zai juya launin toka ko baƙi, kuma masifa za ta bayyana a farfajiyarsu, ɗimbin tsiro da filaye na iya samin tsari a daji, kuma tabo a jikin ganye. Powdery mildew da tsatsa na wardi ma fungal cututtuka. Dole ne a kula da daji da aka shafa tare da maganin Fitosporin, kuma dole ne a bi umarnin da aka haɗe.
Idan fure ta shafi cutar ta hoto, to, launinta zai canza, mosaicism zai bayyana, yayin da fararen kansu da nakasa. A daji da abin ya shafa, ya zama dole don datsa mai cuta, yayin da ya zama dole don inganta yanayin kulawa, da kuma ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafin ta.
Idan kwari suka zauna akan fure, to a mafi yawan lokuta akan lokaci, sakamakon rayuwarsu zai zama sananne. Tare da yin bincike mai zurfi a farfajiya, zai iya yiwuwa a ga kwari masu cutarwa, yayin da ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa sun fi ƙanana ko fenti a launuka daban-daban. Har yanzu zaka iya ganin burbushi na rayuwarsu: baƙar fata, hanyoyi, tabo da aka hango ta tatsuniyoyi, cobwebs (idan daji ya buge ta da gizo-gizo gizo). Irin waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa kamar su aphids, ticks, thrips, da dai sauransu sau da yawa suna zama akan ɗakin tashi .. Dangane da wannan, don hana shi bazara, dole ne a fesa shi da shiri na musamman, don wannan, ana amfani da Fitoverm, kuma dole a bi umarnin da ke tare da shi.
Iri da nau'ikan wardi na cikin gida tare da hotuna da sunaye
Masquerade Baby
Yawancin lokaci ya kai tsawo na kimanin cm 30. A kan ƙara ƙarfi karfi dan kadan harbe harbe forming kunkuntar daji, akwai kusan babu tho tho.Beautifulananan kyawawan duhu kore ganye tare da m ƙasa daidai saita kashe m chameleon furanni daga uku zuwa hudu santimita fadi. Suna farawa a cikin inflorescences, sun ƙunshi guda 3-12. Launinsu a lokacin canza furanni sau da yawa. Da farko, ruwan lemun tsami ne, sannan sai ya shiga ruwan hoda, sannan kuma zuwa cikin ruwan ja. Daskararren ƙanshi na 'ya'yan itace ana kiyaye shi sosai a cikin fure, wanda kusan ba a dakatar dashi ba. Wannan fure yana tsayayya da cututtuka iri iri da kyau.
Angela Rippon
Yana nufin ƙaramar wardi. A lokacin furanni, an rufe shi da ƙananan furanni masu yawa tare da faɗin santimita uku zuwa huɗu tare da ƙanshin mai daɗi mai ƙarfi. An kafa su cikin inflorescences, sun ƙunshi guda 3. Andarancin da m bushes game da 40 cm high ana halitta by branched harbe tare da babban adadin kananan m ganye na duhu kore ya dafa. A lokacin namo, tiyata na rigakafi da mildew na fari da baƙaƙe ba lallai ne su za'ayi ba. Shuke-shuke ba sa bukatar pruning. Wannan nau'ikan yana jin daɗin girma a cikin tukwane da sauran kwantena na ƙara ƙara. Ana aiwatar da suturar saman irin wannan tsire-tsire a cikin ƙananan allurai, amma sau da yawa isa.
Safiya Ista
Yana jawo hankalin tare da tsayayyen juriya ga cututtukan fungal. M, kuma m bushes kunshi babban adadin madaidaiciya harbe tare da matsananci duhu kore ganye tare da haske. Kayan fure-mai-laushi mai launin fari mai laushi mai faɗi kusan santimita 4 suna da ƙanshi mai rauni. Suna Bloom a inflorescences, lambobi har guda 25. Ciyawar fure ta ci gaba kusan ba tare da tsangwama ba.
Gimbiya Gobara
Sun kai tsayi daga cm 30 zuwa 40. An kafa su ne daga ɓoyayyen furanni waɗanda suke kallo, wanda aka rufe da kyawawan ganye masu duhu mai duhu tare da ƙananan cloves a gefuna. Furen furanni da ke da daddaɗin santimita uku zuwa huɗu ana fenti a cikin launin haske mai launin shuɗi. An kafa su a saman firam a cikin inflorescences na 3-5 guda. Wannan fure ke shafawa ta mildew powder da baƙar fata.
Hummingbird (Colibri)
Akwai wardi biyu waɗanda aka bred a cikin shahararren kamfanin Meyland. Na farko ya bayyana a 1958, kuma na biyu - shekaru 20 daga baya. Ba mai fadi ba kuma m bushes game da 35 santimita tsawo an kafa ta dan kadan deflected da kuma dan kadan branched harbe tare da m m ganye fentin a cikin duhu kore inuwa. Furanni masu matsakaici (4 zuwa 5 cm) fure mai fure ya ƙunshi filayen fure 25 kuma suna da ƙanshin shayi mai daɗi mai daɗi. Canza launin furanni na iya bambanta daga launin shuɗi-mai ruwan hoda zuwa na apricot mai ƙarfi tare da tintin rawaya. Roses suna cikin inflorescences, sun ƙunshi guda 3 zuwa 5. Ana maimaita fure mai dumbin yawa a lokuta da yawa.
Dollar Rawaya
An karɓa a cikin 1962. Smallanana da kyawawan bushes game da 30 cm a cikin girman lokacin furanni an rufe su da yawan manyan furanni masu ƙanshi waɗanda aka fentin cikin inuwa mai haske-lemun tsami. Yawan fure a cikin fure daya na iya kaiwa zuwa 50.
Taurari da Kafa (Stars'n'Stripes)
Bred a 1975 a Amurka ta shahararren shahara Ralph Moore. Wannan shi ne nau'in farko tare da ratsi a kan furannin, wanda daga baya ya zama mahaifin yawancin furannin wardi. M kunkuntar bushes daga 40 zuwa 50 cm high kunshi branched, madaidaiciya harbe tare da kusan babu ƙaya. Kyakkyawan ganye ana fentin su a cikin gilashin fitila mai haske. Furen furanni Terry suna da adadi mai yawa na kayan rasberi daban-daban. Suna nan a cikin inflorescences na 3-5 guda. Fulawa ya kusan ci gaba.
Ice Ice (Green Ice)
Kimanin mita 0.6 da tsayin mita 0.8 suma suna cikin ƙananan wardi. Suna jawo hankalin mutane tare da babban tsayayya da cututtukan haɗari kamar su baƙar fata da fari mildew. An kirkiro wannan fure a cikin 1971 a cikin Amurka. Terry wardi uku zuwa hudu santimita fadiwa ya bayyana a kan bushes a cikin raƙuman ruwa, amma har ma a lokacin hutu akwai kullun fure-fure masu yawa. Asalin launi na furanni yana jan hankalin mutane. Pink wardi fure tare da fararen tabarau na fure wardi. A tsakiyar fure akwai karamin tabo mai launin kore. M kore kore ganye jaddada inflorescences, kunshi uku zuwa biyar wardi.
