Dace da dacewa da kuma kula da spirea

Spirea wani fure mai haske ne mai tsananin ban sha'awa da ciyawa a cikin kulawa; dasa shuki mai yiwuwa ne a cikin latsiyoyin Tsakiya da Arewa ta Rasha. Sunan shuka a cikin Hellenanci tana nufin "tanƙwara", wanda saboda yanayin bayyanar rassan da ke lanƙwasa ƙasa.

Resistance na shrubs zuwa sanyi da kwatsam canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki ya sa ya zama sananne a yankuna Urals da Siberiya. Bugu da ƙari, yana jure wa fari da kyau, wanda kuma yana ba da damar haɓaka ba tare da matsala ba a cikin waɗannan latitude, inda kullun akwai rashin danshi.

A karo na farko game da daji ya zama sananne daga almara "Sadko". Itacen ya fara girma, kamar amfanin gona na lambu daga karni na XVII.

Shahararrun nau'ikan Spirea

A yau, akwai ire-iren mutane da ire-iren Spirea, waɗanda aka girma cikin lambuna a ƙasashe da yawa, za mu ba da kwatancin mafi mashahuri.

Birch-leaved

Spirea Berezolistnaya sami sunan ta don kama da siffar ganyayyaki zuwa Birch. Wannan ɗan gajeren daji ne, mai adalci har zuwa santimita 60. Blossoms a watan Yuni tare da thyroid inflorescence na haske ruwan hoda launi.

Pink ko Rosea

Goge tsayi har tsawon mita daya da rabi. Yana da kambi mai zagaye tare da maɗaukakkun zanen gado. Yana blooms daga Yuli, furanni ruwan hoda mai haske, wanda ya karbi sunansa. Distinwararren fasalin shine babban matakin jure sanyi.

Fari

Shrub harbe suna da kyakkyawar fuskar launi ja mai duhu. Ganyen suna da yawa. Blooms tare da fararen furanni a tsakiyar bazara. A karshen Oktoba, 'ya'yan itãcen sun girma.

Shirobana

Shirobana Jafanawa ya kai tsayi babu fiye da 80 santimita. Ganyen suna kanana, kore. Inflorescences na iya zama fari, ruwan hoda da ja. Lokacin fure daga baya - ƙarshen Yuli, farkon watan Agusta.

Tunberg

Wannan ciyawar galibi tana girma a cikin tsaunika da kwarin kogi. Girma daga mita 1 zuwa 1.5 a tsayi. Ganyayyaki suna da yawa da kuma kunkuntar. An inflorescence a cikin siffar laima. Tsarin na iya tsayawa fari ga fari, saboda haka ya dace da wurare kamar su dajin Urals da Siberiya.

Meadowsweet

Wani nau'in kuma galibi ana alakanta shi da Spirea. Wannan itace tsararren shuka ne wanda, a karkashin yanayin yanayi, yake girma a cikin yanayin zafi na Arewacin Hemisphere.

Koyaya, ba kamar Spirea ba, meadowsweet a cikin Botany yana nufin tsire-tsire na herbaceous, ba ciyawa ba.

A waje, suna kama da kamannin ganyen da inflorescence, kuma dangi ɗaya ne suma - ruwan hoda.

Me yasa ake kira Spirea "Amarya daga daji"?

Itace tana da sifofi mai cike da kima. A lokacin furanni, an rufe Spirea da ƙananan furanni masu launi mai haske, wanda tunawa da yadin da aka saka kayan ado bikin aure. Abin da ya sa mutane da yawa lambu ke kira ta "daji amarya."

Zabi wani wuri don seedling

Don Spirea, yana da mahimmanci don zaɓar wurin da ya dace a gonar, to, kulawar da ake buƙata na daji zai zama kaɗan.

Duk da gaskiyar cewa Spirea ba ta da ma'ana kuma tana iya jure sanyi da rashin rana, zata yi girma da sauri kuma mafi kyau a wurin dumi inda babu inuwa mai kullun.

Lokacin zabar wani wuri, yana da mahimmanci yi la'akari da ƙirar shimfidar wuri. Itace yayi kyau cikin tsarin dutse, kamar shinge kuma yayi daidai daidai a gonar dutsen.

Shiri don saukowa

Abu na farko kafin sauka shirya seedling asalinsu. Idan ya lalace, ya kamata a cire su. Tushen da suka yi tsayi da yawa an datsa. Zai fi kyau a aiwatar da aiki tare da kaifi mai kaifi don yadda yanka su kasance kuma masu laushi.

Babban ɓangare na seedling kansa kuma ya taqaitaccen tsayi ta kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na jimlar.
Idan Tushen sun bushe, ana sanya su cikin ruwa na kwana ɗaya, bayan wannan sai suka fara shuka a cikin ƙasa.

Requirementsasa da bukatun rami

Itatuwa na kaunar haske da ƙasa mai kyau. Idan ƙasa yumɓu ne, ya kamata a haɗe shi da ƙasa, da yashi da peat daidai gwargwado.

Tona rami na seedling ba kasa da santimita 50 ba zurfi da daidai nisa. Ruwan magudanar ruwa na santimita 15-20 an ajiye shi a kasan rijiyar don hana jujjuya tushen daga danshi. Za'a iya yin magudin ruwa daga kowane ƙananan duwatsu ko yumɓu masu kaɓu.

Shuka ta gaba zata faɗa cikin rami a madaidaiciyar wuri kuma an cika shi da cakuda ƙasa mai cakuda. Dole ne tushen wuyan ya zauna a farfajiya. Nan da nan bayan wannan, ana amfani da daskarewa da mulching don riƙe danshi.

Lokacin dasa shuki da yawa seedlings a lokaci daya, nisa tsakanin su ya zama daga mita 1 ko sama da haka.

Spiraea an shuka shi bazara ko faduwa:

1. A lokacin bazara, irin waɗannan ciyawar da suka tsiro cikin bazara ana shuka su. Babban aikin shine a sami lokaci don dasa shuki kafin a buɗe ayoyin.
2. A cikin kaka, ana shuka tsire-tsire ko dasawa, ba tare da la'akari da lokacin furanni ba.

Wajibi ne a sami lokaci don kammala taron kafin ganye su faɗi gaba ɗaya. A kowane lokaci, dasa ramuka don shuka an shirya daidai.

Turawa

Tare da shekaru, tsiron Spirea suna girma kuma suna buƙatar pruning.

Kowace shekara, kawai ƙarshen da ke daskarewa a lokacin hunturu ana yanka a kan bushes fure a cikin bazara. Tsoffin harbe tsabtace kawai sau daya a kowace shekara 10. An cire su a matakin ƙasa, kuma ba a kiyaye rassa sama da 6 daga harbe na matasa, wanda zai yi girma a nan gaba. Bayan wani shekara, an sare sauran harbe-kaka da aka yanke. Sabili da haka a hankali, kowace shekara, daji yana sake farfadowa.

Ana yin rigakafin tsabtace tsabtace cikin lokaci. Formative pruning ne da za'ayi kawai a cikin bazara, idan da za'ayi daga baya, da shuka zai zama mai rauni, kuma ba zai yi haƙuri hunturu.

Spirea da suka fara bazara a cikin rani suna sheared a farkon bazara. An yanke harbe har zuwa matakin babban buds. An cire ƙananan harbe ko kaɗan. Dole ne a cire tsoffin harbe kullun, in ba haka ba shuka ba zai sami ƙarfin haɓaka sababbi ba.

Watering da taki

Dukkanin Spirea bishiyoyi ne marasa ma'ana, sabili da haka, suna buƙatar ƙaramar hankali.

Ana yin ruwa a daji a buɗe biyu zuwa sau uku a wata. Bushaya daga cikin daji yana buƙatar matsakaicin lita 20 na ruwa a lokaci guda. Tun da tushen itacen ƙusa bashi da ƙarfi a cikin ƙasa, Spirea yana buƙatar mulching na ƙasa.

Ana buƙatar suturar miya kawai lokacin lokacin girma, kafin fure, da kuma bayan pruning don dawo da ƙarfi. Kamar yadda taki, zaka iya amfani da taki ruwa da superphosphate.

Kiwo

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa masu inganci na yaduwar daji.

1. Farfagandar ta yanke. Hanya mafi inganci na yaduwa a cikin lambu. Idan daidai ne don shirya yankuna a lokacin, to, za su ɗauki tushe ba tare da taimakon wakilan tushen keɓaɓɓu na musamman ba. Ana yin shirye-shirye don yaduwa daga dasa shuki-furanni na bazara a farkon bazara, kuma ana yankan rani-tsakiyar furanni a tsakiyar lokacin rani Don ana amfani da tushen, shekara-shekara da kuma ƙaƙƙarfan harbe-harbe, sun kasu kashi zuwa sassa 5 tare da kowane guda. An cire ƙananan gado a kan abin rike, babba an yanke zuwa rabi.

   Sannan an sanya su cikin ƙasa mai laushi kuma kowannensu Rufe tare da rabin kwalban filastikta haka ne zai samar da yanayin gurza. Shayarwa na yau da kullun a wannan lokacin yana da matukar muhimmanci ga ci gaban tushen sa.

   A cikin wannan jihar, da cuttings zauna hunturu. A saman kwalaben an rufe su da ganye da rassa. Tare da farko na bazara, ana dasa itacen zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa.

2. Tsarin iri. Wannan hanyar ita ce mafi tsawo kuma mafi yawan aiki. Amfani da lambu don nau'in-matasan, tunda ba a watsa fasalin abubuwa ta hanyar zuriyar.Sai shuka, za a buƙaci tsinkayen akalla 20 santimita. Cakuda cakuda da takarda da ƙasa turf, humus da yashi ke zuba a ciki. Cikin ta shuka tsaba kuma rufe tare da fim. Ana sanya akwati a wuri mai duhu inda babu wani daftarin zane.

   Bayan mako guda, harbe-harbe na farko sun bayyana. Bayan sun kai santimita 2 a tsayi, sai su nutse kuma suka tsoma saman kawunansu.

   Wata daya daga baya, an dasa shuwagabannin cikin lambun. Don lokacin hunturu, suna sake tsabtace jita-jita a cikin gida kuma kawai bazara mai zuwa ne suke shuka su a cikin dindindin. Bayan shekaru 3-4, daji yayi fure.

3. Yaduwa ta hanyar farawa. Tare da farkon bazara, ɗayan manyan harbe-fure na shekara-shekara na Spirea karkatar da ƙasa, gyara da kuma yin barci Idan harbi ya yi tsawo, zaku iya yayyafa shi a wurare da yawa lokaci daya kuma ku samu shuki da yawa a lokaci guda. A cikin kaka, Tushen yana farawa sannan kuma zaka iya rarrabe shuka da shuka.

Don tushen sauri, zaku iya yin rago a kan tushe a inda yake da alaƙa da ƙasa.

Karin kwari da cututtuka

Kwari da cututtuka ba sa shafar ciyawa. Wani lokaci aphid ko gizo-gizo mite na zaune a kan harbe na Spirea. Kuna iya yaƙi da kwari amfani da kowane wakili mai gubawanda aka sayo a shagon fure ko maganin sabulu yau da kullun.

Ganyen shrub na iya faɗuwa daga ƙarancin zafin jiki ko, a zahiri, yana ƙonewa cikin rana. Yana gyara canjin wuri ko canji.

Tsarin daji na hunturu

Duk da tsarin tushen abin da yake kusa da shi, daji yarda da frosts sauƙi. Yawancin jinsin suna jure yanayin zafi har zuwa -50 digiri. Kawai wasu nau'in Spirea suna buƙatar shiri na musamman don yanayin sanyi, musamman ga ƙananan ciyayi.

Domin kada ya sanya haɗarin shuka a cikin hunturu, dole ne a ɗaura shi cikin bulo kuma an ɗora shi ƙasa. Top tare da ganye da sawdust, sannan rufe tare da rassan.

Spirea yana da sauƙi don kulawa kuma baya ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa, amma yana fure da kyau sosai kuma tabbas zai zama ado mai haske na kowane lambun.