Zai yi wuya a sami ƙarin ruwan sha, mai ban mamaki, gwaninta da ƙira mai ƙarfi fiye da lupins. Wannan tsiro yana da nasa hasara, amma akwai fa'idodi masu yawa. Lupins suna da kyau duka a cikin ƙirar halitta, kuma a cikin salon zamani, har ma a cikin lambuna na yau da kullun na gargajiya. Su ne masu launi da launuka iri-iri. Amma babban baiwarsu shine saukin namo. Kuma dukda cewa lupins suna da sauqi a samo ciyawa, hanyar da ta fi karfin tattalin arziki a yau ita ce girma daga zuriya. Musamman ma hanyar iri za ta yi murna da waɗanda suke son tasirin rashin tabbas da abubuwan mamaki.
'Ya'yan itacen fure na LinginsWakilan halittar Lupinus na HALITTAR - tsire-tsire suna da bambanci sosai. Dabbobin daji, na halitta na waɗannan tsirrai suna da kyan gani da shimfidar wuri, amma ba komai. Kuma mafi kyau hybrids da iri flaunt kyau sosai fure cewa ba za su iya rufe wani yafi more perennial. Lupins - tsire-tsire ne na musamman da gaske. Mai ƙarfi rhizome ciyawa perennials tare da mamaki kyawawan ganye - dabino, a kan dogon stalks, abar misali-m, suka samar da m da kuma irin-mai ban sha'awa bushes, daga abin da shi busa sanyi da kyau, saboda da m tsari na greenery da mai haske-sanyi tint na launi.
Amma lupine koyaushe yana ban mamaki ba tare da ganye ba, amma tare da fure. Misalin masu ruwa na kwalliya - in ba haka ba ba za ku iya gane shi ba. Kyandir mai siffa tassel mai tsayi tare da launuka masu laushi mai kyau da launuka na pastel na ruwan hoda, shuɗi, lilac, lilac, cream, ja, shunayya, shuɗi suna da ban mamaki da jituwa da juna kuma suna haifar da jin daɗin ji a cikin ɓoye haske, canza juna zuwa juna, launi mai kama da aikin maɓallin ruwa.
Bayan fure, an ɗau nauyin asalin tare da lupins. A wasu nau'ikan lupins, tsaba sun fi girma (a cikin 1 g - ƙarancin dozin guda biyu), a cikin wasu - ƙananan (har zuwa 200 a cikin 1 g). Suna girma sosai har a yankuna masu tsananin sanyi, amma suna farka a sauƙaƙe.
Hanyar yaduwar iri ita ce mafi girma ga duka lupins na Arewacin Amurka wanda ba zai iya jurewa ba kuma hanya ta biyu mafi mahimmancin kiwo don nau'ikan hunturu da nau'in tsiro. An bayyana matsayin su a sauƙaƙe: lokacin da aka yi girma daga tsaba, lupins sun yi nesa ba da tabbas don riƙe fasalin launi da ingantattun halayen furannin (wanda, idan an kiyaye musamman nau'ikan kyawawan furanni, zai iya haifar da asarar su). Amma irin wannan fasalin a wasu halaye na iya zama wata fa'ida: lupins koyaushe suna kara wa karkata tasirin rashin inganci, dabi'ar halitta, har ma da ta'adi. Shadeswararrun launuka masu launuka ko launuka marasa cikakken haske koyaushe suna ba da hankali na sabon abu da sihiri, rage damuwa da tsinkaya, ba da sabon abin mamaki.
Samun tarin tsaba da zaɓin su don shuka
Tsarin lupine ya riƙe germin har shekaru 5-6. Abubuwan da aka girbe su masu kyau sune wanda ake fin so suyi amfani dasu, amma bayan shekaru da yawa na ajiya zasuyi toho sosai. Haka kuma, wannan perennial fi son pre-jiyya na tsaba kafin shuka, wanda muhimmanci ƙara da yawan germination.
Tsaba na Lupine a cikin PodsIdan kuna son tattara ƙwayoyin lupine da kanku, ya kamata ku lura sosai da ƙoshin 'ya'yan itacen. A lupine, wake suna fasa da sauri. Saboda haka, zai fi kyau kada ku rasa lokacin da suke daidaita launin rawaya da bushe kaɗan. Kuna iya amfani da hanyar dauri. A cikin lupins, yawancin 'ya'yan itacen ana yanka su da yawa a matakai.
Lokacin sayen tsaba, a hankali bincika bayanin game da iri-iri da halayenta - tsayin shuka, yawaitar dasa, hanyar da aka fi so da yaduwa da kulawa. Lupins sune tsire-tsire masu sauƙi don girma, wanda ba lallai ba ne don zaɓar nau'in ƙwararrun fitattu. Kayan ado da kayan kwalliya sune manyan alamomin kasa. Kuma don zama mai mallakar tsararren tsaba, ya isa ya bayar da fifiko ga kamfanoni da shagunan amintattu.
Abubuwan dabarun shuka iri na lupine:
- Shuka a cikin ƙasa bude kafin hunturu.
- Shuka a cikin ƙasa bude a cikin bazara.
- Seeding for seedlings
Wadannan hanyoyin guda uku sun banbanta cikin hadadden yanayi, dangane da fure, da kuma yadda ake girma. Hanya mafi sauki, ba shakka, shuka shuka ce ta hunturu, mafi yawan aiki - hanyar seedling.
Shuka hunturu na lupins
Hanya mafi sauki don girma lupins kuma, hakika, mafi inganci. Ya isa a ƙarshen Oktoba ko a watan Nuwamba kafin sanyi na farko don shuka ƙwayoyin lupine a kan gado mai inganci, haƙa ƙasa da ingantacciyar ƙasa. An shuka tsaba a cikin m, a 2-2.5 cm. Don cin nasarar hunturu, ya isa ya mulmula gado tare da amfanin gona tare da farin peat. Harbe suna bayyana nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, suna da haɓaka sosai. Kuma mafi mahimmanci - tsire-tsire za su iya yin fure a wannan shekara (albeit a ƙarshen kakar). Kula da tsire-tsire matasa masu sauki ne: kawai suna buƙatar weeding tare da kwance (ko mulching) da thinning tare da lokacin farin ciki.
Shuka cikin ƙasa a farkon bazara
Untatuwa akan yuwuwar shuka ƙwayar lupine a cikin ƙasa kai tsaye a lokacin bazara ana sanya su ta hanyar buƙatar shirye-shiryen su na farko. Don haka ana iya girma wannan perennial kawai idan an shirya wurin shuka don yin shuka, tare da digging biyu masu zurfi da gyaran halayen don nau'in nau'ikan acidic ko nau'in ƙasa.
Ana shuka tsaba a kan ridges ko kuma a cikin wani wuri na dindindin nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke (bisa al'ada a watan Afrilu). Seedlings na bakin ciki fita lokacin da suka saki 3-6 zanen gado. Noma yana bukatar ciyawa da kwance ƙasa, amma ba kulawa ta yau da kullun ba.
Lupins sown da wannan hanyar iya Bloom kawai na gaba shekara.
Lupine SeedlingGirma lupine ta hanyar shuka
Zai yi wuya a faɗi wata hanyar haɗaɗɗiyar ƙwayar shuka don haɓakar lupine daga tsaba. Amma tun da tsire-tsire kansu, kamar yadda suke girma, fara haƙuri da haƙuri, suna buƙatar dan takamaiman aiki aiki kafin shuka, za su iya haifar da wasu matsaloli ga lambu lambu. Amma a gefe guda, tsirar lupins suna da ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi kuma suna kawo farin ciki kawai yayin aiwatar da ayyukan ci gaban ƙwaya.
Ilasa da kwantena na shuka
Za a iya shuka lupine a cikin kowane kwantena da kofuna waɗanda - kwalaye, kwantena filastik, da dai sauransu. Tsawon kwantena ba shi da mahimmanci, amma ka tuna cewa lupins ba sa son ɗaukar hoto da yawa, kuma a cikin kwalaye masu zurfi yana da sauƙin guji rauni.
Duk wani haɗin ƙasa na duniya ya dace da shuka ƙwayar lupine - na musamman da aka sayi substrate na seedlings ko ƙasa mai shirya kai, ya ƙunshi ƙasa turf da peat tare da ƙari na rabin yashi. Babban abu shi ne cewa kasar gona ta sako-sako, iska-da ruwa-permeable.
Supplementarin mahimmanci mai mahimmanci, wanda zai ba da damar shuka suyi sauri sosai saboda haɓakar haɓakawa da rarraba ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na nitrogen, waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don lupine, an tumɓuke tubers daga tushen tsohuwar lupins. An tattara su mafi kyau daga tushen tsoffin samfurori kuma a zahiri triturated cikin foda. Koyaya, ba shi da sauri a ƙara sauri don ƙara irin wannan karuwa kai tsaye zuwa cikin substrate: ya fi kyau a haɗa tsaba da kansu tare da foda da aka samu.
Irin zubarwa
Don haɓaka germination da kuma samun ƙarin seedlings iri, a shirye domin daukana a lokaci guda, yana da kyau a pre-jiƙa da lupine tsaba. Ba tare da narkewa ba, ba su yi amfanuwa ba cikin natsuwa kuma ba lokaci guda. Don jiƙa, ya isa ya sanya ruwan ɗumi ko zane a cikin ruwa mai dumi, yayyafa tsaba a kan rabin kuma rufe su a saman tare da sashi na biyu na kyauta. A kan saucer a cikin wani wuri mai ɗora, ƙwayar za ta yi sauri da sauri, kuma, da zaran alamun farkon kunnawa sun bayyana, zaku iya fara shuka.
Kafin shuka, yana da kyau a haɗar da tsaba tare da foda daga tubers na lupins, saboda abin da ƙwayoyin da suke buƙata zasu hanzarta haɓakawa akan matasa seedlings.
Lupine SeedlingShuka Tsarin Lupine
Don haɓakar ƙwayoyin lupine, shukarsu ana ɗaukar su mafi kyau a farkon bazara - a cikin Maris ko Afrilu, saboda bayan kwanaki 30-50 zai iya yiwuwa a dasa lupins mai sanyi-sanyi a cikin ƙasa. Tare da yanayi mai kyau da kuma dasa shuki, lupins suna ɗaukar kwanaki 30-35 kawai don tsiro da haɓaka har zuwa ganye 5-6.
Substan madara yana ɗan ɗanɗano dan kadan, yana hana ambaliya, nan da nan kafin shuka.
Tsaba suna warwatse a kan moistened substrate sparsely, ƙoƙarin a ko'ina rarraba su a kan ƙasa domin ba su bukatar tara (a mataki na 5-6 ganye, da tsire-tsire kada tsoma baki da juna).
Zurfin shuka shine daidaitaccen (ƙwaya tana rufe 3-5 mm na ƙasa mai ƙage daga sama).
Tsarin yanayin shuka
A cikin lupins, ana shuka ƙwayar tsaba a cikin yanayin ɗakin al'ada, a cikin zafin jiki mai dumi kuma a cikin haske mai kyau. Abubuwan iko tare da amfanin gona an rufe su da fim ko gilashi har sai an fara samun harbe-harbe.
A matsakaici, kan fara fito da yawanci yakan dauki kwanaki 8 zuwa 17.
Shuka tsire-tsire
Abinda kawai matasa lupins zasu buƙaci shine cire lokacin fim ko gilashi, wanda aka yi nan da nan bayan fitowar harbe-harben abokantaka, da kuma na yau da kullun, ingantaccen ruwa. Rigar ƙasa mai kyau, hana fari ko hana ruwa, yana ba da kyakkyawan ingantaccen tsiro.
Balaguro seedlings da kula da matasa lupins
Dive na wannan shuka ba a za'ayi, ƙoƙarin canja wurin seedlings nan da nan zuwa ƙasa. Ruwan sanyi na maganin lupine, wanda ya danganta da ƙarancin shuka, yana ba da izinin aiwatar da aikin ba tare da ƙarin canja wuri ba. Amma idan tsire-tsire masu kauri ne sosai, to, zai fi kyau a gudanar da hankali sosai lokacin da ganyayyaki 2 zuwa 3 suka bayyana.
Matasan lupins basa buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki, na ƙarshen zai iya rushewar tushen tsarin kuma yana wahalar da dasawa saboda girman saurin matasa. Don seedlings, matsakaici, ana kula da ingantaccen ruwa, yana riƙe da danshi ƙasa.
Shukayen Lupine tare da ganye na gaskeEningarfafa da dasa shuki
Yana da kyau don canja wurin lupine zuwa wuri na dindindin 20-30 bayan fitowar. A karkashin yanayin yanayi mai kyau da ci gaban al'ada na kananan tsire-tsire, a wannan lokacin ana kafa ganyayyaki 5-6 na gaskiya a cikin lupins. Idan girma yayi jinkirin, to har yanzu kuna buƙatar jira don bayyanar ganyayyaki 5-6 kuma ku manta da lokacin, idan tsire-tsire suna da ƙarfi, zaku iya juyar da su a mataki na ganye 3 zuwa 4. Ga lupins, kwanakin shuka (ko kuma a maimakon haka, matakin ci gaban shuka) suna da matukar muhimmanci. Idan kun makara don dasa, ku bar lupins su girma a cikin seedlings, to za su canja wurin abin da yafi muni. A zahiri, bayan bayyanar ganye na 7, daidaituwa na shuka yayi mummunan rauni sau biyu ko fiye. Saboda haka, ƙaramin tsire-tsire waɗanda ke ɗaukar ƙasa, mafi kyau. Idan tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi ne kuma yanayin ya kasance mai dacewa, ana iya jure lupine har ma da ganye uku.
Don lupine tare da juriyarsa na sanyi, ana iya aiwatar da dasawa a farkon Mayu har ma da ƙarshen Afrilu, idan sanyi mai tsananin sanyi ya ƙare ko kuna da damar rufe seedlings tare da kayan da ba a saka ba.
Dasa lupins
Matasan lupins basu yarda da dasawa ba kuma saboda wannan al'adar yana da kyau a aiwatar da cikakkiyar kwanciyar hankali yayin kiyaye adon koko a kewayen rhizome. Zai fi kyau shirya wuraren shuka shuki na lupins a gaba. Suna buƙatar wuraren rana, amma lupins suna ƙasa zuwa ƙasa (dukda cewa sun yi fice a yawancin abubuwan akan loams tare da tsaka tsaki ko ɗan ɗanɗana ɗanɗani).
Nisa mafi kyau duka lokacin dasa lupins daga 30 zuwa 50 cm, ya dogara da tsayin nau'ikan.
Lupine SeedlingsIyakar abin da lupins ke girma ta hanyar shuka zai buƙaci kariya ta lafiya a farkon farkon namo. Ana cire ciyawa kafin a samar da isasshen ƙwayar kore, kwance ƙasa bayan hatsi da takin shekara mai zuwa bayan dasa rabin kashi na takin ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya-potassium (inji yana samar da kansa da nitrogen) dukkan matakan ne. Nan gaba, yana da kyau a sanya ido a kan kwararar da ƙarancin tushen ƙasa da kuma sake sabuntawa ta yau da kullun tare da sau ɗaya a cikin kowane shekaru 4-5.
