Kulawa da hadewar primrose akaulis a gida

Ga yawancin mu, ɗan tsirrai na fure ne mai kyau, amma idan kun san shi sosai, zaku iya koya abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa. Wannan wakilin dangin primrose yana girma a wurare da yawa akan duniyar ta fuskoki daban-daban. Idan muka juya ga kafofin da ba a sani ba, wannan asalin ya hada da nau'ikan 400-550. Haka kuma, kowace shekara, ana bude sabbin nau'ikan kayan abinci na fure.

Bayanin Primrose

Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun wannan shuka a Asiya, Himalayas da yammacin China. A cikin wadannan wurare a vivo ya girma har zuwa nau'ikan tsirrai 300. Wakilin primrose a Turai shi ne nau'ikan 33, kuma a Arewacin Amurka - jinsuna 20. Aan dabbobi ne kawai ake samu a yankin na Afirka, a Kudancin Amurka da Arabia. Akwai nau'in halitta guda ɗaya wanda ke tsiro kawai a tsibirin Java - na sarki na Primrose (Primula imperialis).

Asalin sunan wannan tsiro shima yana da ban sha'awa. Idan an fassara shi daga Latin, in ba haka ba zai yi kama da "farko." Zai yi wuya a iya rashin jituwa da wannan, saboda dabbar ta fara fure a cikin bazara kafin sauran tsire-tsire, suna yin ado da ƙasa baƙi, an rufe su a wasu wurare ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara mai narkewa ba. Idan kun kusanci zaɓin irin nau'ikan fure, to wannan tsire zai yi farin ciki tare da furanni masu haske har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin rani. Akwai primrose a cikin halittar kuma ire-iren waɗannan za su iya yin fure sau da yawa a cikin kakar, wanda ke ba da damar jin daɗin buds ba kawai a cikin bazara ba har ma da damina.

Haɗin Primula akaulis - girma da kulawa

Don zaɓar halayen da suka dace don narkar da kayan kwalliyar primula, ya zama dole don ci gaba daga dabi'ar asalinsu da asalinsu. Yawancin nau'ikan 'ya'yan ƙwayar cuta suna jin daɗi kawai idan sun bayar inuwa ta wucin gadi. Sabili da haka, yana da kyau a zaɓi mãkirci a kanta, wanda yake a tsakanin bishiyoyi, ko wata shimfidar fure da ke karɓar hasken rana da safe. Hakanan, tsaunin dutse na iya zama wuri mai kyau, wanda akan shi ne yafi shuka tsire-tsire akan gabas, arewa ko yamma.

Watse

Ya kamata a kula da kulawa ta musamman ga tsarin ban ruwa, saboda ana samo primrose a cikin yanayi na halitta akan ƙasa mai laushi. Sabili da haka, ya kamata mutum ya zaɓi wani shafi don ita inda za'a samar masa da isasshen adadin danshi, amma a lokaci guda bai kamata a tsayar da ruwa ba. Ana buƙatar mafi girman danshi a cikin tsirrai a bazara.

Kasar

Nasarar girma primino acaulis kuma ya dogara da ingancin ƙasa. Dole ne ya kasance da tsarin kwance da kuma abinci mai gina jiki, haka kuma ya riƙe danshi da kyau. Ba shi da ma'ana a yi fure a ƙasa mai nauyi, saboda ba zai iya girma a ciki. Duk abin da mai lambu zai iya yi don ɓangaren sa shine inganta ingancin ƙasa ta ƙara yashi a cikin adadin guga ɗaya a 1 sq Km. m. A maimakon haka zaka iya amfani da vermiculite, yanke gansar sphagnum. Hakanan yana da amfani don amfani da takin gargajiya daidai da tsarin - har zuwa kilogiram 20 a kowace 1 km. m Hakanan zaka iya yi in ba haka ba: cire saman Layer na ƙasa tare da kauri na 20 cm kuma sanya a can cakuda sinadaran gina jiki.

Manyan miya

M wajibi ne don maganin gargajiya na abinci tare da takin gargajiya a wayannan wuraren da huhu suka fi yawa, dauke da karancin abubuwan gina jiki a cikin kasar. Don waɗannan dalilai, ana bada shawara don amfani da gurbataccen humus, takin ƙasa ko ciyawar ganye, ƙasa mai ƙwaya, saboda wannan ƙasa za ta sami kayan abinci mai wadataccen adadin, kuma za ta inganta tsarinta da tsarin ruwa. Kuna iya cimma fure mai fure a cikin bazara ta hanyar ciyarwa phosphate, potash da takin nitrogen.

A lokacin da ake girke girke-girken abinci na fure, ya zama dole a ciyar da takin zamani-potassium a kalla sau uku. Ana yin wannan ne karo na farko a farkon bazara, kuma bayan hakan, bayan makonni biyu zuwa uku, da kuma a watan Agusta.

Haɗin Primula akaulis - dasawa da haifuwa

Yawancin lokaci shekaru 3-4 sun isa ga seedlings girma zuwa daidaitattun masu girma dabam. Koyaya, a wannan lokacin dole ne a watsa su ta hanyar raba asalin. Dole ne a yi wannan don tsire-tsire su sami isasshen adadin haske kuma suna da daki don fure mai ƙare. Lokacin da yafi dacewa don dasawa primrose shine Agusta. A wannan yanayin, sabbin tsirrai zasu sami isasshen lokacin da zai ɗauki tushe kafin lokacin sanyi na farko.

Rhizome rabo ba shine kawai hanyar da za a iya yada furofayil na a turance ba. Hakanan daga cikin mashahuran hanyoyin sun hada da shuka iri da kuma dasa bishiyoyi.

• Ana shuka tsaba Primrose yawanci daga Nuwamba zuwa Disamba. Koyaya, idan ana so, za a iya yin shuka a kowane lokaci na shekara;
• Za'a iya haɓaka ƙwayar zuriya idan an sanya akwati tare da dasa a cikin daki inda aka kula da yawan zafin jiki a digiri 16-20;
• Wajibi ne a kula da tsananin zafi da haske mai kyau. Idan kun ƙirƙiri yanayi iri ɗaya don tsaba, to, seedlings zai bayyana a kwanaki 10-12. Lokacin da 'ya'yan fari na farko suka bayyana, yawan zafin jiki na iska da zafi zasu fara raguwa a hankali.

A watan Maris-Afrilu, tsire-tsire za su isa jihar da ta isa ta dasa su a cikin tukwane, daga inda za a tura su zuwa wani wuri mai dindindin a gonar.

Lokacin da aka girma Primino acaulis ta hanyar shuka, dole ne a tuna cewa yana da hankali sosai fiye da tsire-tsire waɗanda aka yaɗa ta wasu hanyoyi. Saboda haka, a cikin farkon watanni na rayuwa, dole ne a kula da shi sosai.

Idan guda ɗaya na ganye na ganye sun samo asali a cikin ƙwayar da aka zaɓa don yaduwa, ko kuma tushen tsarin ba shi da iko sosai, saboda wanda ba shi yiwuwa a rarraba rhizome, to, zaku iya amfani da primrose don kiwo hanyar rooting axillary harbe.

• don yin wannan, yanke ciyawar ganye a gindi daga tushen wuya, wanda yakamata ya sami koda da wani ɓangaren harbi;
• Tabbatar a yanka ruwan ganye a cikin rabin. Bayan wannan, an sanya itace a cikin dasa shuki da aka shirya daga ƙasa mai ƙyalli da yashi mai laushi;
• Kuna iya hanzarta aiwatar da tushen daskararru idan kun adana su a cikin ɗaki mai haske don kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. A wannan yanayin, mafi yawan zafin jiki na shi shine digiri 16-18 Celsius;
• a matsakaici matakin danshi ƙasa kuma dole ne a kiyaye.

A hankali, harbe zai fara girma daga waɗannan buds. Lokacin da suke 3-4 ganye zai samar, zaku iya juyar da su cikin tukwane tare da tsawon santimita 7-9. A lokacin bazara, an samar da cewa yanayin yana da kyau, zaku iya juyawa zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa a gonar.

Primrose - Cutar da kwari

Babban lalacewar primrose shine lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewar mai tushe da tushen wuya, tsatsa, farin tsatsa, tabin ganye, ƙwayar mildew, da sauransu.

Daga cikin masu kawo hadari domin shuka kana bukatar ka haskaka:

• ganye, kara da kuma gall nematodes;
• aphids;
• tsawa;
• gizo-gizo gizo-gizo, da sauransu.

Babbar barazanar zuwa cikin maganin ta prelam acaulis shine tabowa ta hanyar ƙwayar naman gwari ta Ramularia cercosporella. Bayyanar wannan cuta galibi tana faruwa ne a ƙarshen bazara da farkon bazara. An nuna wannan ta tabo na zagaye ko kuma na kusurwa, wanda da farko suna da launin launi, amma daga baya canza shi zuwa launin toka ko launin ruwan kasa, wanda ke cike da launin shuɗi. Tuni a tsakiyar lokacin rani akan waɗannan aibobi zaka iya lura da launin toka ko fari. Wannan cutar ta shafi shi, ganyayyaki sun bushe tsawon lokaci. Wannan haɗari ne ga shuka saboda hakan ba zai iya yin fure ba.

Kammalawa

Kodayake primrose tsire-tsire ne mai mahimmanci, amma a cikin latitude ɗin mu kuma ana iya samun nasarar girma a gida. Wannan na bukatar cikakke shirya don girma seedlings. Kuna buƙatar zaɓi lokacin da ya dace don shuka tsaba. Kodayake wannan ba ita ce kawai hanyar da za ku iya samun riƙe kyawawan bushes na primrose ba. Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da wannan tsiro a gida ta hanyar rarraba rhizome.

Koyaya, a kowane yanayi, suna amfani da fasaha na kayan aikin gona na namo da kulawa, sabili da haka, don nasarar tushen tsirrai, ya zama dole a bi ka'idodi. Bayan haka, ana buƙatar samar da tsire-tsire tare da kulawa da ta dace, saboda yanayin yanayi na ƙasarmu na iya yin lahani sosai kuma yana hana mai shi damar jin daɗin fure mai fure.