Peppermint (Mentha) - wani nau'in halittar tsirrai daga cikin iyali Iasnatkovye. Halin halittar yana da kusan ƙabila 25 da kuma kimanin halittun 10 na halitta. Duk nau'ikan suna da ƙanshi mai laushi, yawancinsu suna ɗauke da sinadarin menthol. Mint tsire-tsire sun bambanta a cikin abun da keɓaɓɓen sinadarai, wanda aka bayyana a cikin wari daban da kuma a cikin abun da keɓaɓɓen mai.
Sunan halittar ya fito ne daga sunan nymph Minfa (ko Minta), gunkin dutsen Mente a cikin Elis, ƙaunataccen allah na ƙarƙashin Hades. Matar Hades Persephone ta juya ta zama wata shuka - allspice.
Mint ne yadu amfani: a abinci, a cikin kwaskwarima - Mint Jafananci (Mentha arvensis) da ruhun nana (Mentha piperita); a cikin ganye na ganye da maganin aromatherapy - ruhun nana, mashinti (Mentha aquatica), Mint (Mentha pulegium); a fannin harhaɗa magunguna - yafi ruhun nana.
Mint F_APeppermint wani nau'in halittar ganyayyaki ne na yau da kullun na gama gari a yawancin ƙasashe na duniya tare da yanayin yanayi. Sakamakon jin daɗi, mai sanyin sanyi, shakatawa da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi na ganyen koren ganye mai duhu, Mint ana amfani dashi sosai a dafa abinci, kayan kwalliya, abubuwan sha giya da masana'antar sigari.
An haɗa shi da teas, abubuwan sha mai taushi, syrups, ice cream da Sweets. An saka mint da aka yanka a cikin nama minced. Miyar gyada barkono tana tafiya da kyau tare da jita-jita rago. A cikin nau'i na sabo ne ganye, an sanya shi a cikin kayan miya da salads.
A cikin ƙasashe da dama na Turai da Asiya, an ƙara ganyen ruhun nana don samun mahimmancin man da aka samar da distillation na mai tushe kafin fure. Ana amfani dashi sosai don dalilai na magani, da kuma a masana'antar ƙanshin turare.
Makon Corsican (Mentha requienii). E David EickhoffYaduwa da kuma dasa na Mint
Mint yana sauƙin yaduwa ta hanyar ciyawar - ƙananan rhizome, zai fi dacewa a cikin lokaci na ganye na 3-5. Ana saukowa daga saukowa a farkon bazara (ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu) da kuma a watan Agusta. Preparationasa shiri ne da za'ayi a gaba. Kafin dasa shuki, da zurfin sarrafa da kuma share daga ciyawa ciyawa karkashin Mint a ƙarshe an yanke shi tare da tsoratar game, bayan hakan ya kasu kashi biyu. A wuraren da yake da laima an sanya su sun yi tsayi, kuma a wurare masu bushewa, akasin haka, an yi zurfafa zurfafa zuwa cikin ƙasa domin ruwan sama mafi kyau ya yi laushi. Yanke rhizome cuttings an sanya su cikin tsummoki waɗanda aka gudanar a gadaje kuma an rufe su da ƙasa.
Idan za ku shuka ganyayyaki a cikin lambun ku ko kuma lambun ku, ku tuna cewa ruhun nana yana da raguwa ɗaya - yana da matukar tayar da hankali kuma yana daɗaɗa godiya ga rhizomes, yana ɗaukar sababbin wurare. Don haka bazai haifar muku da matsala mai yawa ba, an bada shawara don kare shi nan da nan ta hanyar tono cikin zurfin rhizomes na iyakokin ƙarfe, filastik ko siliki.
A ina girma tsiro?
Peppermint fi son wuri mai rana da m, mai zurfi, sako-sako da ƙasa mai laushi. Hakanan yana yarda da shading, amma a wannan yanayin yakamata ƙasa ta zama ƙasa .. Wannan amfanin gona yayi girma musamman akan danshi, ƙasa mai baƙar fata. A ƙasa mai santsi, yana asarar mai yawa da ƙanshi. Wuraren da ke da yawan danshi da ƙasa mai nauyi na Mint ba su dace ba.
Mint © kAbincin da ya gabata na iya zama kayan lambu daban-daban, wanda aka keɓance ƙasa da taki. Yawancin lokaci, Mint a wuri guda ba ya riƙe fiye da shekaru 2-3, tun lokacin da harbe ta “yawo” daga wurin dasa. Bayan Mint, sun dasa dankali, albasa, Peas kore da sauran kayan lambu.
Hankali barkono
Kula da Mint ta ƙunshi loosening ƙasa, hilling, watering (kamar yadda ya cancanta) da kuma weeding weeds. Ana shuka abinci mai gina jiki a farkon bazara. Don samun babban taro na kore a cikin bazara, yayin da yake girma, ana bada shawara don aiwatar da ƙawanin karfi: Mint zai zama mafi kyau ga tari.
Don kare kan sanyi, an kawar da tudun da rufin ƙasa a cikin fall, ko an rufe shi da rassan spruce, bambaro, ganye mai bushe, rassan spruce ko taki. Ya kamata a sake sabunta tsirowar Mint kowace shekara 3-4, saboda suna ƙarancin tsayayya da fari kuma su faɗi da sauri.
Shiri da adana na Mint
Mint yana ba da girbi daga farkon shekarar rayuwa. Kafin amfani sabo, tara ganye daga tushe da tsagewa, yanke ko amfani da duka, gwargwadon girke-girke. An ƙara ɗan ƙaramin Mint a matsayin ganye mai laushi ga salads, zuwa soctic lactic, ga nama, abincin teku da kifi, zuwa kayan lemun tsami da dafaffen miya. Lura cewa lura da zafi yana kashe sabo, saboda haka ana bada shawarar turare a cikin jita-jita masu zafi kafin yin hidima.
Mint © kYanke Mint ya bushe da sauri a rana mai zafi, saboda haka kuna buƙatar ajiye shi a cikin wuri mai sanyi - rufe shi a cikin tawul ɗin dafaffen dafaffen abinci ko saka shi a cikin akwati da aka rufe a cikin firiji.
Peppermint kuma an bushe sosai. An bada shawarar girbi a cikin Yuli-Agusta, a farkon fure, tunda ganyayyaki a wannan lokacin sun tara adadin abubuwan gina jiki da ɗanɗano masu kyau. An sare mai tushe sun bushe a cikin inuwa a bunches, to, inflorescences da ganye suna tsage, ƙasa a cikin ba sosai gari foda kuma adana shi a cikin rufaffiyar akwati a cikin bushe, wuri mai sanyi kariya daga rana. A wannan tsari, Mint na riƙe da kyakkyawan ƙanshi duk hunturu.
Lokacin da ya bushe, ana iya ƙara mint zuwa miya na nama, naman sa da bera, roƙon, marinade da biredi, fis da wake wake da sauran jita-jita masu zafi.
Karin kwari da cututtuka
Regrowth Mint aka lalata da Mint ƙuma. Matakan sarrafawa sun yi kama da wanda aka ba da shawarar akasin ƙararrakin kabari. Wannan kwaro yana ba da ƙarni ɗaya kawai na bazara. Dankin yana cutar da ba wai kawai ta hanyar bazuwar balagagge ba, har ma ta larvae (asalinsu). Peppermint flea pupates a watan Agusta. Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin kaka bayan girbin ruhun nana na biyu, zaku iya kula da gado na malathion (10% emulsion concentrated) 60 g a 10 l na ruwa.
Spearmint, lambun (Mentha spicata). Kurmi da Kim StarrA cikin gidajen lambuna waɗanda ke cikin ƙananan damp wurare, Mint m lalacewa ta hanyar kwari da larvae na Mint ganye irin ƙwaro. Kamar kwaro na baya, wannan kwaro na iya lalata ganyayyaki. Ba kamar sauran tsirrai ba, Mint fusarium ke bayyana kanta daban - tsire-tsire a baya a cikin girma, wither, mai tushe na tushen wuya da duhu kuma rot. Ba a inganta matakan kulawa da ingantaccen iko ba, amma an lura cewa yawan rashi shafin yana taimakawa ci gaban fusarium. Ingantaccen samun iska daga cikin tsiron, bin babbar fasaha da aikin gona ana buƙatar su.
Powdery mildew shima yana shafar Mint. Ya bayyana a cikin nau'in farin gizoin gizo gizo gizo akan ganye, kuma a ƙarshen ƙarshen dige baƙar fata shima ya bayyana. Matakan sarrafawa - ƙazantar ciyawa, dasa shuki da kan shuka iri sau biyu, bayan kwanaki 10-12, fesawa da 1.5% na colloidal sulfur tare da ƙari na 40 g na ruwa (potassium) ko sabulu na kore zuwa 10 l na bayani.
Pperan tsatsa. A cikin tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cuta, aibanin lemo ya bayyana a kan ƙananan farfajiyar ganye. Kamuwa da cuta yana shafar tsire-tsire ta hanyar asalin sa. Dole ne a cire tsire-tsire masu lalacewa kuma ba za a yi maza su ba.
Spearmint (Mentha longifolia). Ma Emma CooperAphids. A matsayin hanyar sarrafawa, ƙwayoyin kashe kwari da soaps sun dace. Abokin nazarin halittu na aphids shine ladybugs.
Ticks. Araananan arachnids na launuka daban-daban (ja, launin ruwan kasa, rawaya ko kore). Lalacewar ƙwayoyin ganye da ciyarwa akan ƙwayoyin sel. Tsire-tsire masu lalace, aibobi masu launin ruwan ƙasa sun bayyana akan ganyayyaki. Maƙiyi na halitta su ne fatalwa. Don yin faɗa, zaka iya amfani da rafukan ruwa ko soaps na kwari.
