Anthurium asalin halitta ne na dangin Aroid. Wakilan kwayoyin halittar sune epiphytes. Homelandasar mahaifan tsire-tsire shine yankuna masu ɗumi na Arewacin da Kudancin Amurka, amma kuma wasu nau'ikan wannan fure an shuka su ne yayin da suke kula da gida.
Babban bayani
Sunan fure a zahiri fassararta kamar fure take, saboda furen shine kawai tsakiya a cikin tsaran kunne, kuma fure mai launuka a zahiri shine murfin ganye. Mutanen suna kiran sunan "farin ciki na maza" don anthurium, tunda al'ada ce a ba wa wannan shuka ga maza. Launin furanni da nau'ikan ganye sun bambanta dangane da nau'in fure.
Ciyar mai nau'in nau'in anthurium ne da yawa, daga cikinsu akwai gida da lambun. Wannan tsire-tsire ne mai guba, saboda haka kada ku bar yara da dabbobi su sadu da shi, kamar yadda ku ci 'ya'yan itace.
Iri da nau'in anthurium
Anthurium Andre - ya fito ne daga tsaunukan Columbia da Ekwado. Yana da ɗan gajeren harbi, Tushen iska. Ganyen suna da yawa, mai sheki, an sanya shi a kan petioles. Furen yana da launin rawaya ko mai launi a inuwarsa, na iya zama kirim. Mayafin fararen fata fararen fata ne, amma ana canza launin shi da launuka masu launin ja ko ruwan hoda. Dabbobi da yawa iri iri ne ake samu daga wannan nau'in.
Anthurium Baker - yana da ƙananan kara da tsayi, ganye mai fadi. A saman ganye mai launin kore ne, ƙasa kuma an yi masa ado da kayan ado masu launin shuɗi. Furen furanni yana da tsayi har zuwa 30 cm, furen da kansa yana da mau kirim, ganyen dake gefanta na birgima ne - tsakiyar ya yi launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, gefuna kuma na lilac ne.
Mai Girma Anthurium - Ya yi kama da kristal Anthurium. Bambanci tsakanin su biyun yana cikin petiole. A cikin girman, yana da tetrahedral, yayin da a cikin kristal an zagaye shi. Jijiyoyin ƙwallon mai girma na zaƙin zaitun ne da launi, ba azurfa ba.
Anthurium Hooker - ya fito ne daga tsaunukan teku. Ya na da manyan ganye tare da gurguntaccen tushe, an ɗora shi a dogon petioles. Fitar da santimita 50 cm. Furen yana da tsayi, an rufe shi da bargo mai launin kore a ƙasa.
Anthurium hawa - Tana da babban rhizome da dogo mai tsayi wanda ya kai tsawon mita. Ganyayyaki masu launin fata sun bambanta da sifa a cikin nau'ikan daban-daban. Cob yana da karami kuma bork din yayi kore.
Anthurium multifractured - Wannan anthurium liana ne. Ya watsa lanceolate ganye tare da wavy gefuna.
Anthurium Crystal - wannan epiphyte yana da caudex wanda za'a iya sanya shi a cikin substrate. Ganyen suna da girma sosai, suna kan petioles, veins tare da launi na azurfa. Furen furanni yakai cm 50, furen kuma yakai kimanin cm 20. Murfin da yake kusa da furen fure mai haske ne mai launin kore, da alama bai wuce 10 cm ba.
Anthurium Scherzer - Wannan epiphyte tare da fararen fata mai launin fata ko lanceolate ganye faranti waɗanda suke kan petioles. Fure mai fure wanda aka yi wa ado da dunƙule mai haske na tsakiyar launi tsakanin jan da ruwan lemo.
Anthurium Black Sarauniya Wannan wani sabon salo ne wanda ya ke jan hankalinsa da mayafinsa na fure, wanda wani lokacin ma baki ne.
Cavalli iri-iri Har ila yau, baƙon abu ba ne, kamar yadda kunne da karyewa kewaye da shi suna da launi mai laushi na lilac.
Kunnawa sa jolie kula saboda yana da wani sabon abu nau'i na sheet-bedspread.
Daga cikin sauran nau'ikan za'a iya bambanta su fiorino, andrianum, dakota, boomer babyamma akwai wasu da yawa.
Idan kun siya Haɗa Anthurium, to wannan shine kawai cakuda nau'i daban-daban na ɗayan jinsin ko nau'ikan anthurium daban-daban.
Kulawar gidan Anthurium
Kula da anthurium a gida ba matsala ba ce, kawai yana buƙatar wani ilimin ne. Shuka yana buƙatar haske, yaduwar haske, ba shi yiwuwa hasken rana kai tsaye ya faɗi akan ganyen fure.
Anthurium yana ƙaunar zafi sabili da haka dole ne a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a lokacin bazara-25 a lokacin. Rashin ƙasa da 20 ° C yana da lahani ga fure kuma yana haifar da cuta.
Daga farkon kaka zuwa bazara, ana kiyaye zafin jiki da misalin 17 ° C. Don Scherber Anthurium, kimanin 13 ° C tsawon watanni biyu, sannan ya tashi zuwa 17 ° C. Wannan fure yana da matukar damuwa ga zayyanawa da canje-canjen zafin jiki, saboda haka kuna buƙatar saukar da haɓakawa da kyau don kada ku cutar da anthurium.
Yadda za a sha ruwan anthurium
A lokacin girma, shuka yana buƙatar kyakkyawan ruwa, wanda dole ne a yi lokacin da rabin ƙasa a cikin akwati tare da bushewar fure. Ruwan ban ruwa na buƙatar tsaftataccen ruwa, maras kyau, da zai zama ruwan sama. Zai fi kyau ruwa a ƙasa a ƙasa, saboda kada ruwa ya faɗi akan tsire.
Kodayake furen yana son danshi, amma a cikin matsakaici. Zai fi kyau a sha ruwa kadan kadan sai a jefa anthurium mai ruɓa a cikin shara. A cikin hunturu, shayarwa a cikin kwana bakwai ya isa.
Anthurium yana buƙatar zafi sosai (kusan 90%). A cikin bazara da bazara, fesa tare da ruwa mai laushi, kuma sanya tukunyar fure a cikin akwati tare da yumɓu mai haɓaka da ƙura. Lokacin yin feshin, ba za ku iya barin daman ta taɓa fure ba, amma ku faɗi a kan ganyayyaki kawai.
Yadda za a sa anthurium
Dole ne a hado Anthurium. Lokacin yin wannan aikin, tuna cewa maida hankali kan suturar miya ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da rauni fiye da yadda aka nuna akan kunshin. Kuna buƙatar takin fure a cikin lokacin bazara-rani sau biyu a wata da rabi. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da takin gargajiya.
Anthurium baya son takin mai magani, saboda haka idan cikin shakka, zai fi kyau ayi amfani da karamin kashi. Idan tsironka bashi da lafiya ko kuma ka sami kwari, to sai a dakatar da takin kafin a murmure.
Don tabbatar da ingancin budurwa da fure, kuna buƙatar samun zazzabi mai sanyi a cikin hunturu. Idan kun ba da takin shuka da duk mahimmancin kulawa, to, zai yi fure daga watan Mayu zuwa kaka. Akwai ma nau'ikan matasan da suka lalace kusan shekara guda. Ana buƙatar yanke ƙananan inflorescences, saboda haka furanni matasa zasuyi kyau. Ganyayyaki ba su datsa.
Don samun tsaba kuna buƙatar tauyar da tsire-tsire daban-daban ta motsi pollen tare da buroshi tsakanin furanni.
Juyawa Anthurium yayi a gida
Game da siyan shuka a wani shago, da sannu za a buƙatar tura shi cikin tukunyar da ta fi girma, tunda kwantena da aka sayar da furanni yawanci ba su da kwanciyar hankali a gare su.
Ana yin gyaran anthurium na gida a bazara ko lokacin bazara. Ryauke shi idan shuka ya 'girma' daga tsohuwar tukunya ko kuma idan ƙasa ta canza abin da ke ciki. Matasa anthuriums bukatar a sake kunkuntar kowace shekara, da mazan tsire kowane ma'aurata ko shekaru uku.
Tukunyar don anthurium ya kamata a karɓa daga filastik ko gilashi. Idan kuna son kwandon yumɓu, to, dole ne a rufe shi da icing a ciki, in ba haka ba Tushen zai yi girma zuwa tukunya. Zai fi kyau kar a ɗauki kwantena mai zurfi da fadi da yawa, tunda ruwan da ke cikinsu za su yi tur da yawa.
Game da substrate, zaku iya siyan ƙasa don orchids, ko kuna iya yin ƙasa don anthurium da kanku. Zai haɗa da peat, ganye da ƙasa mai kyau, da yashi (1: 1: 1: 0.5), ban da wannan, kuna buƙatar ƙara gawayi da haushi na bishiyoyin coniferous.
Wajibi ne a cire anthurium daga tsohuwar ganga, domin yana da tushen salo. Dole ne a tsabtace Rhizome na kasar gona kuma a cire sassan da ke lalacewa. Bayan haka ana magance shi da phytolavin kuma a sanya shi a cikin wata tukunyar, tare da malalar ruwan da aka sanya shi.
An zubar da sabuwar ƙasa saboda ta zauna lafiya, kuma a ƙarshen an murƙushe su. A ƙarshen abin da ya kamata ya zama ya isa saman tukunyar don ma'aunin santimita biyu. Ba kamar sauran tsire-tsire masu yawa ba, ana iya dasa ƙwayar anthurium yayin fure, saboda ba shi da ɗan kula da wannan tsari.
Yadda ake raba anthurium yayin dasawa
Lokacin dasawa, zaku iya yin haihuwar anthurium ta rarraba daji. Ba za a iya raba fure furanni ba. A karo na farko wannan aikin ana iya aiwatar da shi kawai a shekaru 4 na rayuwar shuka.
Ba a buƙatar ƙwarewa na musamman kwata-kwata. Kawai dai zaka iya raba daji ne domin a kowane rabe akwai ganye da ganye. Nan kawai suka zauna suka sha ruwa.
Kulawar bayan haihuwa baya bambanta da kulawar gida ta yau da kullun. Amsar kawai shine ƙarshen babban miya na kwana 15 bayan dasawa.
Anthurium daga tsaba a gida
Bayan pollination na wucin gadi na furanni, tsaba zasu bayyana kuma da zaran sun girma, kuma wannan yana ɗaukar watanni 10, kuna buƙatar shuka. Yana da hankali ba don adana tsaba, saboda suna rasa asarar su da sauri.
An cire tsaba daga cikin berries, a wanke su a cikin mintuna da yawa a cikin wani bayani mai haske na potassiumgangan. Don shuka kana buƙatar haske, ƙasa maras kyau tare da karamin ƙwallan perlite a saman. Dole ne a sanya tsaba a ƙasa kuma a matse shi cikin ta.
Bayan haka, wannan akwati an rufe shi da gilashi kuma ana ajiye zazzabi kusa da shi a kusan 22 ° C. Bayan kimanin kwanaki 15, seedlings zai bayyana, wanda tare da ƙirƙirar ganye na gaskiya biyu ko uku zasu nutse cikin ƙasa don anthuriums na manya tare da ƙari na mullein. Yayinda seedlings ke haɓaka, zasu buƙaci a haife su cikin manyan tukwane.
Yana da kyau a shuka fure daga zuriya kawai a shekara ta biyar. Kafin wannan, fure zai yi rauni. Lura cewa lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar tsaba, yawancin halaye masu ɗimbin yawa sun ɓace. Sakamakon yanayin da ke ciki, anthurium yawanci ana yadu da shi ta hanyar itace.
Anthurium haifuwa ta gefen harbe
Offspringa'idodin na dabam sun rabu da shuka kuma an dasa su a wani akwati tare da yashi ko perlite. An rufe su da gilashi kuma lokaci-lokaci suna samun iska mai daɗaɗɗa.
Yanayin zafin jiki don samuwar tushe ya zama kusan 23 ° C. Bayan haka, ana dasa bishiyoyin cikin ƙasa domin tsirrai.
