Halin halittar Zinnia na gidan Astrov ne kuma ya haɗa da nau'ikan 20. Wakilin sa galibi ciyawa ne ko ciyayi da suka girma a Kudancin Amurka.
Girman tsire-tsire masu girma daga 20 cm zuwa 1 m, ganye suna gabaɗaya duka, sessile, oblong, an zagaye, an rufe shi da igwa mai wuya, akasin ko gulma. Furanni suna apical, form inflorescences-kwanduna, girman da launi wanda ya dogara da nau'in. An bambanta tsirrai ta hanyar fure mai tsayi daga farkon bazara har zuwa lokacin sanyi.
Kodayake wannan perenni ne, amma saboda yanayin yanayi a bel ɗinmu, ana girma kamar shuka shekara. Hakanan ana amfani dashi azaman al'adar hana baki.
Iri da iri
Daga cikin nau'ikan dozin guda biyu, hudu ne kawai suke horarwa.
Zinnia m tsire-tsire mai tsiro wanda tsayinsa zai iya wuce mita 1. Yana da harbi kai tsaye wanda ba reshe mai kyau ba, sessile, oli, fari, lemo ko furanni ruwan hoda, na iya zama mai sauƙi ko ninki biyu.
Wannan nau'in ya zama kayan don ƙirƙirar nau'ikan da yawa da kuma siffofin matasan, waɗanda aka rarrabe su ta hanyar fure, tsayin daji da tsarin fure.
Dangane da lokacin furanni, sun kasu kashi biyu na zinnias na farko, na tsakiya da na marigayi fure.
Tsarin furanni na iya zama mai sauƙi, rabin-biyu da biyu. Daga cikin nau'ikan ukun, mafi yawan lokuta fiye da wasu, iri tare da furanni biyu suna girma:
- Zinnia Barpis,
- Carousel,
- Ruwan Persia.
Don tsayin harbe, an rarrabe su: manyan nau'ikan - game da 80 cm, matsakaici - 40 cm da dwarf ko undersized - kimanin cm 20. Akwai nau'ikan 7 waɗanda suka bambanta da siffar inflorescences, amma a cikin yanayin yanayinmu kawai 3 daga cikinsu suna girma.
Zinnia dahlia - manyan bushes har zuwa 1 m tsayi, foliage kuma manyan, inflorescences na siffar kwallon, terry.
Popular iri:
- Polar bear,
- Harafi.
Kwayar zinnia ko midget - bushesananan bushes, da wuya girma sama da rabin mita. Yana da ƙananan foliage, inflorescences, bisa ga sunan siffar pompom.
Iri:
- Little jan hawa mara nauyi,
- Tom babban yatsa,
- Tambelina.
Zinnia fantasy
Shrubs a siffar mai kama da ball, yana da manyan ciyayi da furanni masu kwance tare da furanni masu fure tare da lankwashewa a cikin kwatance daban-daban.
Iri iri-iri sukan girma:
- Mafarki,
- Kyauta ga Inna.
A wasu ƙasashe masu yanayin dumin yanayi, ana kuma girma siffofin:
- Zinnia na Kalifoniya,
- Cactus,
- Scabiosa.
Amma a gare mu ba su dace ba.
Zinnia kunkuntar ko Haage shuke-shuke da madaidaiciya, Branching kara. Ganyen magarya, lanceolate ko oblong. Furannin furanni kaɗan ne, na iya zama ninki biyu ko mai sauƙi, lemo mai launi, amma a cikin nau'ikan fayiloli na iya bambanta.
Zinnia na bakin ciki Kyakkyawan bushes ne, dan kadan sama da 50 cm, wanda galibi ana amfani dashi a gadaje filayen filaye. Furanni furanni ne, ciyayi, launin shuɗi.
Zinnia linearis kama da siffofin maɗaukaki-na-leaved, saboda abin da suke rikitarwa koyaushe. Mafi karami daga cikin nau'in horarwa - tsayinsa yawanci ba ya wuce cm 30. Yana da ƙananan inflorescences rawaya tare da gefen orange. Daidai ne don girma a cikin tukwane da kuma lambuna na dutse.
Hybrids suna da matukar farin jini, saboda suna haɗar da halayen nau'ikan biyu. Shahararren nau'ikan jerin:
- Magellan,
- Murmushi.
Zinnia iri namo
Tun da a cikin bel ɗinmu ana shuka wannan tsiro a matsayin shekara-shekara, kawai hanyar haifuwa ita ce haihuwar zuriya.
A cikin yankuna na kudanci, inda babu sanyi a watan Mayu, shuka iri za'a iya yin shi kai tsaye cikin ƙasa. Idan akwai yuwuwar zazzabi daren zai sauka zuwa akalla sifili, sannan yin shuka a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa ba za a iya yi ba, tunda ƙwayayen za su mutu.
Don haɓakar seedling a tsakiyar bazara, tsaba a cikin nau'i biyu suna zurfafa da 1 cm a cikin tukwane na peat, ana yin haka ne domin a nan gaba seedlings bai sami rauni ta ruwa ba. An sanya kayan da aka shuka a cikin wani wuri mai ƙarfi da aka shimfiɗa hasken wuta kuma daga lokaci zuwa lokaci sanyaya ƙasa a cikin tukwane, zazzabi yana zuwa kusan 23 ° C. Frowa ta farko, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna bayyana da sauri - a cikin kwanaki 3-7.
Matasa sprouts tare da rashin hasken wuta suna fitowa da sauri. Idan hakan ta faru, ƙara soilan ƙasa a cikin tukwane sannan ku daidaita matakin hasken.
A farkon Mayu, sun fara matakai don tauraron furanni. A wannan lokacin, sukan fara ɗaukar su zuwa couplean awanni biyu a rana zuwa ingantaccen iska don su saba da sabon yanayi.
Cineraria wani wakili ne na dangin Astrov, wanda aka girma yayin dasawa da kulawa a cikin filin budewa, ana iya amfani dashi azaman wuri mai faɗi da zane furen. Kuna iya samun shawarwari don haɓaka da kulawa a cikin wannan labarin.
Zinnia waje dasawa da kulawa
Ana aiwatar da juyawa zuwa furen fure zuwa tsakiyar tsakiyar Mayu, gwargwadon yanayinku. Ya kamata ka zaɓi wurare masu haske waɗanda ma ba za a busa ta ba. Abun da ƙasa ke takawa bazai taka rawar gani ba, amma dole ne ya kasance yana da magudanar ruwan sha da tsoma bakin ruwan sha.
A cikin kaka, ko kuma a cikin matsanancin yanayi, wata daya kafin dasa shuki, an tsabtace flowerbed na ciyawa mai ciyawa kuma a haƙa shi da taki (9 kilogram a kowace murabba'in mita). An dasa dabarun misalin 30 cm baya. Ana shuka daskarewa tare da tukunyar peat ko kuma hanyar samun nutsuwa, dukda cewa kodayake yana da rauni ga wannan fure.
Kula da wannan amfanin gona mai sauki ne kuma ya ƙunshi ƙaramar ƙoƙari. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar nauyi a yankin don ɗaukar kwari. Watering da wuya, amma suna amfani da ruwa da yawa. Lokacin da inflorescences fara lalacewa, an yanke su saboda kar su dauke ƙarfin shuka.
Idan kana son cimma nasarar ninkaya, to ko da a lokacin seedling ne, kana bukatar ka yanke harbewar sama da nau'i hudu. Idan kana son girma furanni don yankan, zai fi kyau kada ka tsunkule.
Takin taki na Zinnia
Wata daya bayan dasa, kana buƙatar takin tare da cikakken miya mai ma'adinai. Ana amfani da taki iri ɗaya a yayin haɓaka buds.
Girbi Zinnia
Tsabtace iri yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni biyu daga farkon fure. Zai yuwu ku tattara abu lokacin da 'ya'yan itatuwa suka zama launin ruwan kasa. An yanke kwanduna, an bushe shi kuma ana ɗaukar tsaba daga gare su, yana share sauran sauran tayin.
Kuna buƙatar adana tsaba a cikin busassun bushe da dumi, sanya su cikin jakar takarda. Shuka tsaba zinnia har tsawon shekaru uku, har sai sun rasa shuka.
Zinnia a cikin hunturu
Tunda a cikin gonar muke noma zinnia a matsayin shekara-shekara, sannan ga an lalatar da tsire-tsire hunturu, an kuma toshe ciyawar fure.
A cikin hunturu, ana kula da amfanin gona a matsayin shuka na cikin gida na yau da kullun, an sanya shi a cikin ɗaki mai kyau kuma ana shayar da shi lokaci zuwa lokaci kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa.
Cutar da kwari
Daga cikin kwari na zinnia, mafi yawan su ne aphids, katantanwa da chafers.
Aphids Cedar ya ba da ganye da kuma tsiro na shuka tare da girgije baƙi kuma yana cin abinci a cikin ruwansa. Don cire shi, ana wanke tsire-tsire tare da ruwa mai soapy ko an yayyafa shi da jiko na Citrus ko tafarnuwa.
Domin kulawar tarko lemun tsami ko ƙwanƙwasa ƙwannayen an warwatse ko'ina cikin shafin, wanda hakan zai tsoratar da su.
Tare da na iya yiwuwa kwari Babu irin wadannan hanyoyin gwagwarmaya - lallai ne a tattara su tare da lalata su.
Cutar da galibi ke shafar zin zin shine powdery mildew. Ta nuna kanta farin Fluffy shafi a kan ganye. Suna maganin wannan cutar tare da maganin Bordeaux ko kuma tare da fungicides, alal misali, Topaz.
A ruɓa shuka ya yi rauni, ya bayyana a kai duhu aibobi. Cututtukan da ke cikin rauni an yanke su kuma suna bi da su kamar yadda ake amfani da mildew powdery.
Wataƙila mafi haɗari shine ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Bayan ganowa a kan ganye na launin ruwan kasa zagaye aibobi, nan da nan yanke shi. Kuma idan cutar ta bazu, to ya kamata a lalata fure, tunda ba za a iya warke daga cutar ba.
