Succulents na kiwo sun zama abin sha'awa ga zamani. Wadannan tsire-tsire sune nau'ikan Tolstyankovye, kuma sanannen mashahurin wakilin shine murtsunguwa, mazaunin gidaje na tsawon lokaci. An fi sananiyar Echeveria a matsayin "fure mai dutse." Siffofi iri iri da launuka iri-iri na wannan nau'in tsire-tsire yasa ya zama maraba da mazaunin window da greenhouse.
Bayanin echeveria
Mazaunin tsire-tsire wuri ne mai cike da dutse na Mexico da Kudancin Amurka. Manyan ganyayyaki a yanayin halitta sun zama tushen danshi ga mutanen Abzinawa. An bayar da sunan wannan tsiro a cikin rarrabuwa don girmamawa ga mai zane, mai zane na litattafai akan dabbobi da tsire-tsire na duniyar Mexico A. Egeveria.
A cikin yanayi, tsirrai masu tsayi ko tare da ɗan gajeren lokaci. A gida, dangane da hasken, zaku iya shuka dogo mai tsayi da nau'i daban-daban. Ganyen ganye daga 3 zuwa 15 cm fadi da tsawon 25 cm yana adana manyan wuraren ajiyar ruwa kuma, kamar kowane babban nasara, zai iya yin ban da ruwa na dogon lokaci. Ganyen Echeveria sun dace da zafi da sanyi. An rufe su da faty mai laushi, a lokacin bazara sun zama fari-fari, suna nuna hasken rana. Ganyayyaki na iya yin tsayayya da ɗan sanyaya sanadi saboda bargo mai sutsi a saman, wanda ya yi kauri lokacin hunturu.
Irin wannan nau'ikan succulents na fure a kowane lokaci na shekara, amma mafi sau da yawa a cikin bazara da bazara, tunda yana buƙatar matsakaicin haske a lokacin fure. Akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri iri na cikin gida, kuma galibi yawancin yan tsiraru ne ake gasawa, saboda damar zuwa haihuwa.
Daga cikinsu akwai:
- Echeveria agave, kusan ba tare da kara tare da tara tara Rosette na ganyen launuka daban-daban, a nuna tukwici. Yana fure a ƙarshen bazara.
- Echeveria Derenberg yana da harbe-harbe, kuma ana tattara farashi na ganye a cikin cones mai kama da siroro. Ganyayyaki masu launin fata suna da siffa-kamar sifa, har tsawon cm 4.
- Echeveria m ba ta da tushe; ganyayen suna kama da cokali guda, ƙwai ne kawai a siffar.
- Kwakwalwa EcheveriaIna daya daga cikin nau'ikan da suka fi dacewa don kiwo gida. Tana da ganye mai tsayi da fure-fure masu yawa, suna jefa santimita 30 santimita.
- Echeveria matashin-kai neNa wakilci low shrub, tare da ganye densely pubescent farin tari.
Duk wani daji na wannan shuka na masoya furannin dutse sai ya zama abin karba ne.
Kulaveria gida
Domin shuka ya bunkasa sosai a gida, wajibi ne a cika bukatun kiyayewa waɗanda ke da kusancin yanayin zama:
- haske;
- zazzabi a cikin hunturu da bazara;
- ruwa;
- takin mai magani;
- abun da ke ciki;
Bugu da kari, ya kamata ku san manyan alamu da cututtuka na tsirrai. Wani muhimmin fasali na haɓaka tsarin tushen, hanyoyin haifuwa irin wannan succulents.
Ofaya daga cikin mahimman yanayin rayuwar lafiyar shuka shine walƙiya. Echeveria baya jin tsoron hasken rana, ana iya kasancewa a kan dukkanin windows banda arewa ba tare da shading ba. Tare da isasshen hasken wuta, fure ba zai iya jira ba. Ko da a lokacin dormancy, ba kowane iri ake buƙatar shading ba. A lokacin rani, tsire-tsire za su yi farin ciki su kasance cikin sabon iska, bude veranda ko baranda. A cikin kowane hali, ya kamata laima a saman wurin da succulents suke girma don kare ganye daga girgije mara tsammani. Lokacin da ruwa ya shiga, ganyayyaki sun rasa tasirin ado.
Yankin mafi wahalarwa wajen kiyaye eheveria a gida shine tabbatar da tsarin zazzabi. Idan a cikin bazara na 22-27 ba shi da wuya a ƙirƙiri, a cikin hunturu a cikin ɗakin ɗakin wuri mai haske tare da 6-8 yana da wuya a samu. A mafi yawan yanayin zafi, an ja kara. Idan wannan ba mahimmanci ga mai shiccen ba, to bako ya yarda da zazzabi na digiri 18 sosai.
Mahimmanci don kulawa da echeveria a gida shine shayarwa. A wannan yanayin, ya fi bushe bushe da shuka fiye da bayar da ruwa mai yawa. Tare da rashin ruwa, ganyen ya tsamo sannan kuma ya sake cika. Idan aka zubar da ruwa, farantin yayi laushi zai iya farawa. A lokacin rani, shayi matsakaici ne, ya kamata ƙasa ta bushe a 2/3 a tsayi, yayin da ganyayyaki sun ɗan ɗanɗana. Lokacin yin ruwa, saukad da ruwa ya kamata a guji a kan tsire-tsire. Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da ƙananan ruwa, ta hanyar ramuka. A cikin hunturu, an sha ruwa sosai, an shayar da dan kadan dangane da yanayin tsirrai. Wuce hadadden danshi zai kai ga mutuwar succulent.
Haɗin ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance kusa da na halitta kamar yadda zai yiwu. Isasa ce mai bakin ciki, tare da fifikon yashi da kwakwalwan dutse, acidic daga peat substrate. Kuna iya siyan ƙasa da aka yi da cacti kuma ƙara kayan:
- m yashi;
- gawayi gawayi;
- kwakwalwan brick;
- maganin zahiri.
Haɗin acidic za'a iya yin shi da kansa ta hanyar haɗa peat da ƙananan peat, humus na ganye, kuma ƙara ɗan biohumus don abinci mai gina jiki. Bayan an lalata alakar gida ko ƙasa da aka siya, ƙara abubuwan da aka lissafa a ciki.
An zaɓi jita-jita don kula da echeveria ana zaɓin fadi da kaɗaɗɗa, a cikin abin da ake samo tushen a sararin sama. Abun da ƙasa yake shine irin samarin da samari ke buƙata akaiwa. An dasa ƙwayar tsohuwar zuwa sabon kwano kamar yadda ake buƙata. A kowane hali, sun yi kokarin kada su cutar da daji lokacin dasawa. Ana ciyar da tsire-tsire na tsofaffi a cikin lokacin dumi sau ɗaya a wata tare da takin gargajiya na musamman don succulents.
Dryashin iska mai bushewa tare da dumama hunturu ta radiators tare da ruwan zafi ya fi dacewa da shuka. Ba a buƙatar fesawa da gumi lokacin da ake kula da echeveria a gida.
Haifuwa ta Echeveria
Tsarin yana yaduwa ta hanyar tsaba, ƙwayoyin ganye ko kuma ɓangarorin sama na kanti. Ana amfani da yaduwar iri ta hanyar shayarwa don samun sababbin kayan ado. A aikace, echeveria ana yada shi da tsire-tsire.
Ganyen da aka ɗauka yana bushe har tsawon awanni, sannan ya zurfafa. Rooting faruwa a cikin 'yan kwanaki, za a ƙirƙiri sababbin kananan tsire-tsire, wanda daga baya zai yi fure a cikin shekaru 2-4. Idan yada shi ta hanyar apical, to za'a iya samun fure a cikin shekarar.
Gudun ruwa
Daban-daban irin echeveria Bloom a lokacinsu. Kuna iya tattara tarin abubuwa don fure ya ci gaba. Babban yanayin shine tsananin shigar wutar. Sabili da haka, yawancin masanan furanni masu gogaggen furanni suna tsara hasken wutan lantarki. Furen yana fitowa daga axils na ganye, wani lokacin tsirara, ganye. Wani lokacin ma yakan yi sama da shuka a tsayi, a wasu halayen yana matsawa wani daji. Furanni suna pollinated da kyau, kuma a sakamakon akwatin mai yiwuwa tsaba.
Amfanin shuka
Irƙirar lambun nasara a kan taga yana da amfani mai amfani a cikin ɗakin. Haɗin iska yana wadatar da iskar oxygen da ozone, zafi yana ƙaruwa, riguna ba su ƙyalli. Gabaɗaya, rayayyun mazaunan windowsill suna haifar da motsin zuciyarmu.
