Idan na fara kasuwancin ɗanɗana na lokacin bazara kuma idan shekaru 30 da suka gabata ya zama da sauƙi ta kasance tare da ginin gida, wanda ya dauki lokaci mai yawa da ƙarfi, ya kange daga aikin lambu, Da gaske zan tsunduma cikin harkar noma. Yanzu zaka iya samun kowane irin bayani mai sauri game da shuka kowane kayan lambu, ka kuma sayi kowane irin tsaba ko shuka (ta yanar gizo, ba shakka). Sannan komai ya kasance mafi rikitarwa. Godiya ga saurayi (ɗana da abokansa), busheshen innabi uku har yanzu sun girma a yankin na. Da farko na dube su da itacen zaitun ado: suna ba da inuwa a farfajiya kuma da kyau. Sai na duba - a kan rassan gungumomin inabi da yawa sun lalace. "Yaya kyau, ina tsammanin, jikokin za su sami abin da za su ci (ban da berries ɗinmu na gargajiya - cherries, currants, plums, raspberries, da dai sauransu)." Sannan dan ya kware da fasahar girke-girken inabi ta amfani da yanar gizo. Kuma mu'ujiza ta faru: 'Ya'yan inabin uku sun yi' ya'yan inabi masu yawa har sun isa abinci da ruwan inabin. Kuma ina son yin giya na gida, kamar yadda masu karanta Botanichki sun riga sun sani. Experiencean ƙaramin gwaninta a cikin girma na farkon itacen inabi na farko da ya gamsar da ni cewa viticulture ya fi ban sha'awa girma fiye da horarwa a gonar gargajiya don yankin Tver bushes - raspberries, currants, gooseberries, da dai sauransu. Kuma ba wai kawai mafi ban sha'awa ba ne, har ma da ƙarin ma'ana.
Inabi Sh Joe ShlabotnikA yanar gizo, na gano cewa, mutane da yawa yanzu 'yan lambu suna shuka inabi-Hardy inabi. Sai dai itace cewa masana falsafa da gaskiya suke: ra'ayoyi da kuma fahimta sun zo lokaci guda ga mutane dayawa. Na karɓi ra'ayi na musamman daga maganganun lambu game da namo nau'in innabi hunturu-Hardy:
- "A kannuna na kurangar innabi, kamar ciyawa";
- "A wannan shekara bazara ba ta da matsala, amma na tattara da yawa na hunturu-Hardy inabi."
Shakka zata iya tashi idan wata bai gayyace wata budurwa ta ziyarci shafin ta ba (kofar gaba). A dandalin, filin da aka shirya ya kama daga gidan zuwa kogin, duka suna cikin gonakin inabin da aka cika su da 'ya'yan inabban inabi. Sanin uwar gida na rashin son kai game da aikin gona da kyaututtukan yanayi, ba shi da wahala a ɗauka cewa wannan innabi bai taɓa ganin ƙaunar maigidan ba na dogon lokaci, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya girma ta kansa kuma yayi aiki ne kawai a matsayin ɗan itacen ornamental shrub (wajen ƙauri). Duk da haka, akwai kilogram 300 na itace Lokacin da na sami labarin nau'ikan innabi na hunturu-sanyi wanda zai iya jure sanyi--2 ° C, a saukake masu juyayi game da wannan al'ada.
Inabi * USB *An yi imani da cewa nau'in innabi mai tsananin sanyi-hunturu na buƙatar ƙara ƙarancin ƙoƙari don kula da su, wanda shine dalilin da yasa suke samun karɓuwa sosai tsakanin masu lambu a tsakiyar Rasha da Siberiya. An yi amfani dasu cikin nasara, azaman mafi saurin girma, don sanya shimfidar wuri (musamman arbor, verandas, ganuwar gidaje, shinge), kuma kamar nau'in tebur don yin giya, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, ruwan sha ko yawan amfani. Growararrun mashaya giya za su gaya muku cewa nau'in innabi na hunturu-Hardy suna da "babban mataki na fruiting." Koyaya, wannan ingantacciyar dukiyar da take dasu itace take kaiwa ga mamayewar bushes kuma, a sakamakon haka ingancin amfanin gona zai iya raguwa, da tumatir ya gagara, kuma tsananin zafin hunturu na bushes din yayi rauni. Tare da babban yawan amfanin ƙasa, inabi kai tsaye na gina jiki da cikakken ripening na berries, amma don ƙarfafa sabon harbe ba su kasance, kuma suna talauci ci gaba. A lokaci guda, ba'a adana adadin abubuwan gina jiki da ake buƙata a cikin tushen ba, don haka daji ya yanke jiki kuma yana iya mutuwa.
Inabi W Peter WerkmanAbin da ake kira rabon amfanin gona ya sauƙaƙa nauyin a kan daji. Don wannan, ana bada shawarar pruning a farkon bazara. A cikin hunturu, wani ɓangare na ƙodan na iya mutuwa saboda daskarewa ko bushewa, saboda haka a cikin bazara kana buƙatar bincika itacen inabin a hankali don gano idanun da suka mutu kuma, dangane da wannan, pruning. Dayawa suna bayar da shawarar inabban inabin a kaka, sannan kuma su cire itacen inabin daga kayan tallafin su, a lullube shi da kayan “lullubi”, a sa shi a kasa, a rufe shi da ganyayyaki da suka fadi, kuma a lokacin hunturu yana da kyau a rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara. Kuna iya karantawa sau da yawa cewa idan kun kula da ɓoye dabbobin innabi don hunturu, kurangar za su gode muku. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa Siberiyawan ke farin ciki sosai a cikin lokacin sanyi. Akwai dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa a cikin Siberiya, kuma dusar ƙanƙara tana nufin ɗumi da tsarki, babu asalin cutar maɗari. Bushes mai tsabta, ba tare da alamun cututtukan fungal ba. Saboda haka gogaggen growers ce inabõbi iya jure wa ko da mai tsananin sanyi, amma idan da an rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara. An yi imanin cewa dusar ƙanƙara mai danshi 10 santimita yana ba tsire-tsire 10 na zafi.
Inabi Sh Joe ShlabotnikA kowane hali, har ma bayan tsananin sanyi, akwai begen samun nasara, saboda nau'in innabi mai tsananin sanyi-hunturu suna da babban ƙarfi. Kowane koda a karkashin kasa, wanda yake kan kara, yana da wasu da yawa - ƙanana, barci. Waɗannan su ne fure mai ganye waɗanda suke da tsayayyar sanyi-sanyi fiye da fruitan itacen kuma zasu iya rayuwa a ƙasa na shekaru da yawa. Masana sun san cewa a ƙarƙashin kowace ƙwaya daga itacen inabi akwai diaphragm wanda ya ƙunshi tayi na asalin asalinsu. Suna daukar itacen inabin shine mafi yawan tsire-tsire mai tsaftatuwa, masu yuwuwar shawo kan sanyi zuwa digiri 20. Ko da Tushen yana daskarewa, sabon itacen innabi yakan iya girma daga itacen inabi. Abin da ya sa za ku iya ba da lafiya ba da nau'in innabi-hunturu a wuri a cikin lambun ku.
Ina so in sanar da masu karatu Botanichki game da nau'in innabi da na lura da su kuma zan yi oda.
Crystal
Innabi iri-iri
Wannan nau'in innabi ne na asalin Turai-Amur, tare da matsakaicin ƙarfin haɓaka, farkon lokacin da yake cikakke (har zuwa kwanaki 115). Bunches na matsakaici matsakaici, mai nauyin gram 200-300, matsakaici mai yawa. The berries ne matsakaici, yin la'akari 2-4 grams, dan kadan m, fari. Dankin turaren yana da ɗumi, fata yana da ƙarfi, abun da ke cikin sukari shine 18-19%. Ripwararrun harbe suna da kyau (90 -100%). Loadaukar nauyin shine idanu 50 a kowane daji, tare da tsawon itacen vingin don idanu 3-4. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa lokacin da daji ke kauri, ovary yana zubar, sakamakon bunch ya zama mai rauni, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana raguwa. Saboda haka, ingantaccen kayan kwalliya da raba ruwa amfanin gona ya zama dole. Girbe a kan bushes domin kusan dukan kakar. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa sanyi (-29ºС), mildew, oidium, launin toka rot ba a lalace. An yi amfani da su don yin bushewar ruwan tebur da giyar Heris.
Marinovsky
'Ya'yan inabin sa Marinovsky.
An yankan nau'o'in a sakamakon tsallake iri iri zuwa Arewa da Muscat na Hamburg. Its bushes ne vigorous, Bambanci Marinovsky nasa ne da tsakiyar-marigayi balaga ruwan inabi iri. Bunch ɗin yana da girma, yana da matsakaicin nauyin 280-300. Berry 12 x 14 mm, dan kadan m, duhu shuɗi. Kwasfa mai ƙarfi, nama mai laushi, abun cikin sukari 24%. Ana amfani dashi don yin ruwan 'ya'yan itace, ingantaccen ruwan inabi, har ma da sabon amfani.
Isabella
'Ya'yan innabi na IsabellaA iri-iri ya zo Rasha daga Arewacin Amirka, shi ne na halitta matasan tsakanin jinsunan Lambrusk da Winnifer. Yana nufin fasaha irin na tsakiyar marigayi ripening. Bushes suna da ƙarfi, harbe suna girma sosai. Lusungiyoyin suna ƙananan, dan kadan conical, kusan silili, sako-sako. A berries ne matsakaici, zagaye ko dan kadan m, baki tare da mai haske tint, tare da peculiar strawberry dandano. An kwatanta shi da karuwar juriya ga sanyi, cututtukan fungal da phylloxera. Yawancin suna da ban sha'awa don dalilai na ado: ƙirar arbor, arches, da sauransu.; matures da kyau, sauƙin kafe. Saukewar akan daji ya dogara da tsari da kuma karfin daji. Pingin vines don fruiting idanu 6. Hardness na hunturu yana da girma (-32ºС). Resistant zuwa mildew da launin toka rot, da talauci kariya daga oidium.
Riesling
Inabi iri-iri Riesling. © Tom MaackWani hadaddun giyar inabi mai zurfi don amfanin masana'antu, zaɓi na Jamusanci (Heisenheim), matsakaiciyar lokacin huda (kwanaki 130-135). Girma ya zama matsakaici ko sama da matsakaita. Shoot ripening abu ne mai kyau. Gungu sune cylindrical, na matsakaici, nauyi 120-150 g, matsakaici mai matsakaici. Berries suna matsakaici, masu nauyin kimanin 1.4 g, zagaye, fari a rana tare da fure mai ruwan hoda. Dankin turaren yana da ɗumi, fata yana da bakin ciki, mai ƙarfi. Tsiraran 'ya'yan itace har kashi 95%,' ya'yan itace suna da kyau. Ofaukar idanu 60 a kowane daji tare da tsawon vingin 'ya'yan itacen ɓaure don idanu 3-4. Daidai ne tare da hannun jari. Yana ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace da kyau, yana da sauƙin nauyin amfanin gona, amma har yanzu yana buƙatar tsari na nauyin amfanin gona na Berry. Resistance ga sanyi -26 ° C, fiye ko resistantasa da tsayayya da mildew, oidium, zuwa phylloxera, mai tsayayya ga launin toka. An rarraba shi a cikin Jamus, Amurka, Kanada, New Zealand. Amfani da su don bushe ruwan inabi tebur.
Alfa
Inabi sahu na Alfa.
Hybrid (Vitis Labruska x Vitis Riparia), an yi biki a tashar Far Eastern VIR. Tare da fasaha maki na matsakaita lokaci na balaga. Ci gaban bushes yana da ƙarfi. Bununbin yana matsakaici, yana nauyin 150-180 g, silsila, ƙarancin matsakaici. Berry yana da matsakaici (diamita 16-17mm), zagaye, baƙi, tare da ɗanɗano "mai ban sha'awa". Ana iya raba fata a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara. Berries ripen a farkon Satumba. Saurin daraja. Yawan gungu a kowace shoota shootan itace guda uku ne. Ripwanƙwasa da harbe yana da kyau qwarai. Ya na da kyakkyawan tushen Saboda babban yunƙurin sanyi, an haɗa iri-iri a cikin tsarin asali na Terimorsky Territory, da kuma a wasu yankuna na arewacin viticulture. A iri-iri ne gaba daya jure cutar. Ana amfani da Alpha don gyaran gidaje, gazebos, shinge da rumfa (an yi la'akari da mafi kyawun yanayi don dalilai na kayan ado), kuma mafi mahimmanci - don yin bushewar giya.
P.S. A ƙarshe, da alama ya dace a ba da jerin abubuwan waɗanda ba sutura da kuma rufe nau'in innabi waɗanda aka ba da shawarar don namo a cikin bangarorin yanayin yanayin yanayin ba na Rasha sosai.
- Rashin rufe nau'in innabia. Akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, ga kadan daga cikinsu: Alpha, Amethyst, Amur Potapenko, Amur nasara, Amur break, Valiant, Dove, Isabella, Crystal, Kay Gray, Londo Noir, Lydia, Lyubava, Lucille, Marinovsky, Mure Erli, Saperavi Yankunan arewa, Seneca, Triumph, Winchel, Karin, da dai sauransu nau'in marasa suttura na iya jure sanyi da zazzabi na digiri 28, wasu kuma har zuwa digiri 32.
- Yanayin da aka rufe yanayi daban-daban: Don Agate, Adele, Aleshenkin, Abarba da wuri, Arctic, Armalag, Balabanovsky, Vulture, Far Eastern Novikova, Gentle, Korinka Rasha, kyakkyawa na Arewa, Liepajas dzintars, Olesya Far Eastern, Memorywaƙwalwar Dombkovskaya, Rogachevsky, Taeseman Rashan, Pink Besseman , Tsirawas Agraa, Juodupe, da sauransu.
Abokai na, kamar yadda kake gani, akwai wani abu da zaka zaɓa ka siya - tsirrai gaba ɗaya a cikin tukwane ko aƙane aƙalla. Don haka, tafi can, ku girbe inabi a cikin shirye-shiryenku, nasara gare ku!
