Sai kawai sanin lokacin da za a shuka masara a cikin wani yanayin yanayi, zaka iya samun girbi mai kyau na wannan jiyya. Abu ne mai sauki mu bunkasa wannan al'ada. Ba ya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman kuma tuni a cikin rabi na biyu na lokacin bazara zaiyi farin ciki tare da 'ya'yan itaciyar mai dadi.
Duba Abubuwan
Ganin cewa wurin da aka samo masara shine Kudancin Amurka, cigaban al'ada shine zai yiwu kawai idan akwai isasshen zafi da haske. Ya danganta da yanayin yanayin yanayin zafi, kwanakin shuka amfanin gona sun bambanta sosai a yankuna daban-daban. A farkon lokacin girma, tsawon watanni biyu kusan babu albarkatun ƙasa da shuka ke amfani da su. Sakamakon haka, haɓaka yana da sauri sosai, kuma tambaya ta tashi ta canza lokacin shuka.
Temperatureasa zafin jiki yakamata ya zama akalla 10 СенееС. A matsakaita, lokacin ciyayi daga bayyanar seedlings har zuwa cikakke kunnuwa yana kasancewa daga kwanaki 70 zuwa 120. Tare da wannan a zuciyarsa, ya zama dole don yin lissafin kwanakin daidai lokacin da za a shuka masara don shuka. A yau, ana ba da samfuran iri daban-daban tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin girma da juriya ga sanyi. Suna da kyau don haɓaka a cikin arewacin arewacin Rasha.
Shuka seedlings
Samun amfanin gona 'yan makonni kafin jadawalin yana da matukar muhimmanci ga wuraren da bazara ta zo ƙarshen kuma lokacin rani ya gaza. Hanyar dasa seedling yana bawa 'ya'yan itacen damar yawo kafin farkon yanayin sanyi. Ya shahara sosai a Siberiya, Urals, da kuma Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Mazauna yankunan arewacin sun san lokacin da za su shuka masara don shuka, shuka iri wata daya kafin a dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Noma yana gudana kamar haka:
- Ba cewa shuka fi son breathable, sako-sako da ƙasa, da substrate an yi tattali daga gauraye a daidai sassan ƙasa turf da takin. Yin amfani da daidaitaccen peat mix don kayan lambu, zai zama dole don ciyar sau biyu yayin tsarin girma.
- Abubuwan da aka yiwa maganin fulawa sune farkon abin da aka shuka akan wainar rigar ko takarda da aka tace.
- Bayan sun ƙyanƙyashe, ana dasa su a cikin tukwane na peat tare da ma'adinin tsaba 3 a kowane zuwa zurfin cm 3 Daga sama an rufe su da fim, cire shi kawai bayan fitowar.
- Lokacin da aka kafa ganye na 3 zuwa 4 akan sprouts, ana sanya seedlings a wuri mai dumi wanda rana ta haskaka.
Shuka seedlings zuwa m wuri
Lokacin da aka kafa yanayin dumi, idan sanyi ya tsaya a daren, ana dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa buɗe.
Kada a yarda da masara mai yawa a cikin tukwane. Wannan yana jinkirta ƙarin ci gaba kuma yayi mummunar illa game da girbi na gaba.
Don hanzarta samuwar Tushen sakandare, ana yin zurfin dasa kadan. Bayan dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ya zama dole a ciyar da shi tare da takin ƙasa da takin gargajiya. Don wannan dalili humus, takin yana dacewa sosai. Abun da takin mai magani zai zama dole ya hada da potassium.
Lalacewa ga tushen ya kamata a guji kiyaye shi lokacin da aka dasa masara. Wannan al'ada tana da hankali ga ƙananan lalacewar tsarin tushe. Sabili da haka, don girma seedlings, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da tukwane peat waɗanda kawai tono a cikin ƙasa.
Kwanan dasa na waje
Kada ku yi saurin shuka hatsi a yankinku. Idan zafin jiki na ƙasa yana ƙasa da 10 ° C, tsaba ba zai yi girma ba. Da farko na sanyaya, matasa tsire-tsire sun daina ci gaba. Kankara sanyi na iya rage yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Hybridized siliceous masara hybrids sun kara juriya sanyi. Su za a iya shuka sosai a baya fiye da sauran nau'in.
Lokacin dasa masara a cikin filin budewa ya dogara da yanayin yanayi takamaiman yanki mai tasowa.
A cikin Ukraine
Hasasar tana da yankuna da yawa na halitta - steppe, gandun daji da kuma gandun daji. Saboda haka, lokacin shuka zai bambanta. A cikin yankin steppe, dasa masara yana farawa a tsakiyar watan Afrilu, a cikin gandun daji-steppe - a ƙarshen. Yanayin yanayin gandun daji ya fi wahala, saboda haka ana bada shawarar yin shuka a farkon Mayu. Kwanan da za a shuka masara a bazara a cikin Ukraine sharaɗi ne. Idan ƙasa tayi kyau sosai (har zuwa digiri 10 Celsius da sama), zaku iya shuka.
Yawan tarkace na shuka a farfajiya na kasa yana hana iskar zafi. Kasa don dasa masara ya kamata a tsabtace da tarkace.
A tsakiyar layi da kuma a kudu na Rasha
Mafi kyau duka lokacin da za a shuka masara a cikin ƙasa a cikin fili a kewayen gari, ana la'akari da tsakiyar Mayu. Kusan dukkanin al'adun thermophilic ana shuka su ne a wannan lokacin. Yawancin mazauna bazara suna shuka hybrids masu tsayayya da sanyi riga a farkon watan, amma a lokaci guda ya zama dole don samar da tsari na wucin gadi daga fim. A kudu na ƙasar, ana yin shuka ne lokacin da matsakaiciyar zafin yau da kullun ta zama fiye da 5 ° C. Yawancin lokaci wannan lokacin yana fadi a ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu. Abin dogaro ne a dasa masara a lokacin da dumamar iska tayi dumama koyaushe kuma ƙasa tayi zafi har zuwa 10-12 ° C.
A Siberiya da Urals
Kodayake baƙon Amurka ba shi da ma'ana sosai, lokacin da ya girma a cikin yankuna na arewacin, ya zama dole a yi ƙoƙari da yawa don samun girbi mai kyau. Saukowa masara a cikin ƙasa a cikin waɗannan sassan yana da wuya matuƙar wuya. Mafi yawanci aikata girma seedlings, wanda aka dasa a cikin ƙasa a cikin tsakiyar watan Yuni.
Idan kun bi ka'idodin dasa shuki da bin ranakun da aka ƙayyade, a kowane yanki zaku iya shuka amfanin masara mai kyau.
