A herbaceous biennial ko perennial shuka motherwort (Leonurus) wakili ne a cikin iyali Labiaceae, ko Lamiaceae. Wadannan tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin yanayin halitta suna tartsatsi a cikin Eurasia (Siberiya, Turai, Gabas ta Tsakiya da Asiya ta Tsakiya). Yawancin nau'in mahaifiyar mahaifiyar sun kuma girma a Arewacin Amurka. Wannan al'ada ta gwammace ta girma a kan tudu, da hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa, wuraren sharar gida, har ila yau a cikin daruruwa, tsaunin dutse da kuma rafin kogin. Nau'ikan 2 suna da kaddarorin warkewa, sune: motherwort da motherwort shaggy (biyar-lobed).
Fasali na uwayert
Tsayin motherwort na iya bambanta daga 0.3 zuwa 2 mita. Yana da tushe mai tushe da tushe mai tetrahedral stem, wanda wasu lokuta ake yiwa tambari. Tsawon ƙananan dabino da aka yi amfani da faranti-aka raba filayen dabino yakai santimita 15. Abubuwann fararen ganye na sama wani lokaci ana samun su duka, yayin da suke kusantar gwaggon biri girmansu yana raguwa. Duk ganye suna da petioles. A ƙarshen harbe ko a cikin sinus na ganye, an ƙirƙiri inflorescences mai ƙyalƙyali mai ƙyalli, ya ƙunshi ƙananan furanni. 'Ya'yan itacen shine coenobium, wanda ya haɗa da sassan 4 a ko'ina. Yawancin nau'ikan suna dauke da tsire-tsire masu kyau na zuma.
Girma uwarwort a gonar
Dasa mahaifiyar mama
A wuri guda za a iya girma uwawort daga shekaru 3 zuwa 5. Wannan inji yana da tsayayya ga fari, kuma ba ta da buƙatun ƙasa na musamman. Sabbin tsaba da aka karba suna da ƙananan ƙarfin germination. Don haɓaka shi bayan an girbe tsaba, ana tumɓuke su na tsawon kwanaki 60, bayan wannan adadin ƙarfin su yana ƙaruwa zuwa kashi 85. A cikin zafin jiki na kasa da digiri na 4-6, haka kuma danshi mai kyau, thean itacen zai bayyana bayan kwanaki 4 ko 5 bayan shuka. Shuka tsaba samar a cikin hunturu ko a farkon lokacin bazara. Idan an yi shuka shuka don bazara, ya kamata a daidaita ƙwayoyin nan da nan a gaban su, don wannan ya kamata a sanya su a kan shiryayye na firiji wanda aka tsara don kayan lambu don makonni 4-6, kafin wannan an zuba su a cikin kwandon filastik ko jakar filastik wanda ke buƙatar cika da yashi mai laushi ( 1: 3).
A cikin kaka, an shuka iri a bushe har tsawon kwanaki 7-10 kafin a fara yin sanyi kuma a binne a cikin ƙasa ta 15 mm. A lokacin shuka shuka, yakamata a zurfafa tsaba da 20 mm. Rowimar kusan jere yana daga 0.45 zuwa 0.6 m. A cikin bazara mai shuka, ana cin tsaba a ƙasa da kashi 15-20 cikin ƙasa da kaka.
Kula da mamayert a gonar
Lokacin da uwayert seedlings bayyana, suna bukatar a thinned fitar, kuma ya kamata a lura cewa daga 4 zuwa 6 bushes ya kamata a located da 100 cm na jere. A cikin shekarar farko, kula da irin wannan shuka abu ne mai sauqi, kawai kuna buƙatar cire ciyawar sako daga shafin. Sha ruwa kawai a lokacin tsawan fari. Farawa daga shekara ta biyu na girma, ba za ku buƙaci kawai don sako shafin ba, har ma ku sassauta farjinta, har ma da datsa ƙarshen bara, kuma don ciyar da wannan al'ada 1 mafi lokacin bazara tare da Nitroammofoska, wanda aka gabatar a cikin ƙasa.
Motherwort dauko da ajiya
Daga shekara ta biyu ta girma na motherwort ya kamata ya fara girbi. Don yin wannan, yanke duk gefan gefe daga bushes, har ma da ɓangarorin sama na mai tushe, kauri wanda bai kamata ya fi 0,5 cm ba. Ya kamata a girbi girbi a cikin Yuli, yayin da 2/3 na daji kawai ya kamata ya rufe ta hanyar fure, kuma a sashin da ya rage Ya kamata har yanzu akwai buds. Girbi ya kamata da safe, kai tsaye bayan da dew ya kashe. Ana sake yin girbi 6 makonni bayan na farko.
Ya kamata a shimfiɗa motherwort a cikin wani yanki na bakin ciki a wuri mai inuwa. A lokacin bushewa, ya kamata a juya kayan mai da kullun su kuma ted. Hakanan zaka iya bushe wannan itaciyar a wata hanya: an ɗaure shi a cikin ƙananan ɗaure, sannan a dakatar da shi daga rufi, yayin da ɗakin da aka zaɓa ya kamata ya kasance da iska mai kyau (alal misali, baranda, baranda ko baranda). Kuna iya amfani da bushewar ciyawa, amma ya kamata a san cewa zafin jiki a cikin sel bai wuce digiri 50 ba. Shirye-shiryen kayan albarkatun mai sauki ne don bincika: ya kamata harbe ya fashe a sauƙaƙe tare da matsi mai sauƙi, kuma ya kamata a shafa ciyawar tare da yatsunsu cikin ƙura. Motherwort mai bushe yana da ɗanɗano mai ɗaci da takamaiman ƙanshin. Don ajiyar ajiya, ana iya sanya ciyawa a cikin kwali na kwali, jakunkuna zane ko a cikin fakitin farin takarda. An tsabtace shi a cikin wuri mai sanyi, bushe, an kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Idan an kiyaye duk ka'idodi yayin ajiya, kayan aikin zasu riƙe abubuwan da suka warke har shekara uku.
Iri da nau'in mamawort tare da hotuna da sunaye
Halin halittar motherwort ya haɗu da nau'ikan 24, sun kasu kashi biyar. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin madadin magani a cikin kasashen gabashin (Koriya da China), ana amfani da wasu nau'ikan wannan shuka a matsayin magani, kuma a cikin ƙasashen Turai daban-daban, ana amfani da nau'ikan daban-daban a magungunan jama'a. Da ke ƙasa za a bayyana waɗancan nau'in waɗanda 'yan lambu ke shukawa.
Grey motherwort (Leonorus glaucescens)
Daji yana da launi mai launin toka saboda gaskiyar cewa an rufe shi da ɗimbin yawa mai yawa, wanda ya kunshi gashin da aka guga. Launin furanni launin shuɗi ne.
Mamawiyan Tatar (Leonorus tataricus)
Daskararma a cikin sashin na sama yana da fitsari, wanda ya ƙunshi dogon gashi. An buɗe filayen fararen ganye. Furanni suna da launin shuɗi mai ruwan hoda.
Zamani gama gari (Leonorus cardiaca), ko mama
Wannan ciyawa mai ganyayyaki tana da gajeren hancin woody, daga abin da gefen kan gado ya shuɗe, a cikin ƙasa ba su da zurfi sosai. Ribbed tetrahedral kafa harbe suna m ciki a cikin na sama bangare suna alama. Ana iya canza launin su da launin shuɗi-ja, amma mafi yawan lokuta a kore, a farfajiyar su akwai yawancin gashin hawaye da ke zubewa. Tsawon mai tushe ya bambanta daga mita 0.5 zuwa 2. A akasarin farashi na farantin ganye yayin da suke matso kusa da biri a hankali yana raguwa. Fentin gaban ganye yana fentin a cikin kodadde ko launin koren duhu, kuma ɓangaren da ba daidai ba yana da launin toka mai haske. Plaasan faranti ƙananan an raba su biyar, zagaye ko tsallake, tsakiyar suna ƙasa uku-uku ko lobed uku, tare da faffadan lobes, lalong-lanceolate ko lanceolate, kuma babba suna da sauki tare da hakora a kaikaice. Spiky apical inflorescences kunshi kananan furanni ruwan hoda zaune a cikin ɗawakai. Haɗin 'ya'yan itacen ya haɗa da kwayoyi mai launi launin duhu. A cikin Turai, wannan nau'in an horar da shi azaman warkewa.
Motherwort biyar-lobed (Leonorus quinquelobatus), ko mahaifiyar shaggy
Wasu masana kimiyyar sun yi imanin cewa wannan nau'in nau'in halittar uwa ne na kowa. Ya kasance kamar yadda ake iya, dukkan jikunansu sun zo daidai. A cikin wannan nau'in, ya bambanta da motherwort, faranti na tsakiya da ƙananan an raba biyar, babba kuma suna da gado uku. An rufe farfajiyar tushe da rufe gashi mai tsawo.
Kayan aikin mamayert: cutarwa da fa'ida
Abubuwan warkarwa na mamayert
Abun da ya shafi ganye na mahaifar mahaifar ya hada da flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, quinqueloside da sauransu), alkaloids, saponins, mai mahimmanci, tannins, acid Organic (malic, vanillic, citric, tartaric, ursolic), bitamin A, C da E, potassium, alli sulfur da sodium.
Gaskiyar cewa tsire-tsire na motherwort yana da kaddarorin magani an san shi na dogon lokaci. Likitoci da masana magunguna da suka rayu a tsakiyar zamanai sun yi amfani da wannan shuka a cikin aikin su sosai, amma sannu a hankali suka manta da shi. Sai a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 ne kawai suka tuna da shi, yayin da a cikin karni na talatin na ƙarni na 20, masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa tasirin maganin rigakafin magungunan Valerian ya ninka sau 1.5 ƙasa da hakan akan tushen mama. Wannan tsire-tsire yana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa myocardium, tsayayyar bugun zuciya, kazalika da haɓaka ƙwararraki a cikin tachycardia, myocarditis, cardiosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin zuciya, angina pectoris da kuma rauni na zuciya zuwa digiri 1-3. Wannan ganye na rage cholesterol, yana taimakawa rage karfin jini yayin hauhawar jini, rage adadin glucose da lactic acid a cikin jini, sannan kuma yana da tasirin maganin antispasmodic da sakamako na rashin lafiyar jiki.
Hakanan ana amfani da Motherwort a cikin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan hanji, misali: tare da gastritis, flatulence, catarrh na colon, spasms, colitis, neurosis, da sauransu. Wannan ganye shima yana da expectorant da tasirin anti-mai kumburi, da tasirin shashi a jiki Ana amfani dashi yayin maganin rashin bacci, psychasthenia, mafitsara, thyrotoxicosis da dystonia vegetovascular.
Hakanan ana amfani da Motherwort a cikin ilimin cututtukan mahaifa don zubar jini, igiyar ciki, mara tsauraran dokoki, da kuma haila. Hakanan ana amfani dashi wannan ganyen don maganin cututtukan koda, tari da tari bazeovoy, kuma an sanya wa zuriyarta don glaucoma. Ana samun Motherwort a cikin irin shirye-shiryen magunguna kamar na motherwort tincture, tarin rigakafin No. 2, Phytosedan, herwort ganye, Allunan Motherwort forte Evalar (tare da bitamin B6 da sodium carbonate), Motherwort forte, Motherwort P, motherwort cire a allunan.
Contraindications
Motherwort na iya haifar da rashin lafiyan ciki a wasu mutane. Hakanan, waɗanda suka ba da rashin haƙuri a cikin wannan ganye za su iya amfani da shirye-shirye dangane da motherwort. Yana da tasirin gaske a cikin ƙoshin lafiya na cikin mahaifa, don haka ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi ga mata masu juna biyu, har ma da mata bayan zubar da ciki. Hakanan ba a shawarar da Motherwort ga mutanen da ke da cututtukan mahaifa, na ciki ko na jijiya. Hakanan ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa shirye-shiryen da aka yi akan dalilin mama na haifar da nutsuwa, don haka, ya kamata a ɗauka da taka tsantsan ga mutanen da ayyukan da suke da alaƙa da haɓakar mai da hankali.
