Furen cikin gida da ake kira clerodendrum (Clerodendmm) nasa ne na dangin Verbena. Shuke-shuke Homean Gida na Tsuntsayen Gabas, ,asar Japan. A cikin daji, ciyawar itace ce mai kyau. Sunan wannan fure ya fito ne daga haɗakar kalmomin Girka guda biyu, wanda ke nufin "itacen ƙaddara." Har ila yau ana kiran Clerodendrum Volcameria ko fure "Loveauna mara ƙima."
A namo of clerodendrum flower a gida ya fara in mun gwada da kwanan nan, tun na dogon lokaci shayarwa sun kasa asali hybrids da zai iya daidaita da yanayin da Apartment. Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa a ga waɗannan tsire-tsire kawai a cikin gidajen katako.
Ganyayyaki, inflorescences da 'ya'yan itãcen marmari na clerodendrum
Clerodendrum na iya zama mai ɓoyewa ko kullun, amma yawancin su suna da tsarin creepers tare da dogo mai tsayi. A gida, ta amfani da hanyar tsunkule, yana yiwuwa a samar da kyakkyawan tsari mai ban tsoro, mai kama da itace ko daji.
The mai tushe ne m brownish-m ko kore-zaitun. A kansu akwai ganye a kan petioles, koren duhu ko Emerald. Clerodendrum, dangane da jinsin, wannan a bayyane yake a hoto, yana iya samun siffofin ganye:
Clodendrum stringate (C. takamaiman bayani).
Clodendrum ovate (C. inerme, C. ugandense).
Clerodendrum m (C. wallichiana).
Farfajiyar da ganye ya yi laushi. (C. wallichiana) ko karammiski (C. Bungei), gefuna na iya zama tare da ƙananan hakora, alal misali, kamar yadda a cikin C. philippinum, C. Fragrans. Tsawonsu zai iya zuwa 20 cm, kuma a bayyane suke kwance a fili.
Yana blooms daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba, buds bayyana a axils a kan peduncles. Inflorescences na iya zama panicle ko corymbose. Diamita na fure ɗaya na iya isa 2 cm cm, sau da yawa yana da ƙirar mai kararrawa tare da tarin tururi (har zuwa 3 cm tsayi). Clerodendrum, ya danganta da iri-iri, yana da alamun shuɗi (Uganda), ja (Thompson, haske) ko inuwa mai haske (Bunge). Aroanshin da yake fitowa daga dajin da wani irin tsiro shima ya bambanta.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun yi zurfi, ruwan lemo, har zuwa 1 cm tsayi ana kafa su bayan yin fure, kuma a ciki akwai ƙwaya ɗaya.
Iri da nau'ikan clerodendrum: hoto da kwatancin iri
A cikin halittar clerodendrum, akwai nau'ikan sama da 300. Yawancinsu ana kwatanta su da tsire-tsire tare da yalwatacce masu tsayi da tsayi. Ana amfani da wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan su azaman amfanin gona na asa a cikin ƙasashe masu yanayin zafi. Misali, K. mai kamshi (C. fragrans) tare da furanni biyu, da ja mai launin shuɗi. Yana da ƙanshi mai daɗi tare da taɓa Citrus.
Amma ga countriesasashe a cikin yanayin zafi canjin yanayin zafi, shayarwa na da nau'in wannan itacen inabi, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi azaman gidan shuki. Dukda cewa babu wasu manya da yawa da suka mallaki gida, amma akwai nau'ikan da ire-irensu da za'a iya bayaninsu:
Clerodendrum Thomson (C. thomsonae).
Clerodendrum m (C. tsinkayi).
Clerodendrum Inerme iri-iri Variegatny.
Clerodendrum Bunge (S. bungei).
Clerodendrum kyakkyawa (C. ƙyanƙyashe).
Bayani na arya (C. fallax).
Dan asalin kasar Uganda (C. ugandense).
Clerodendrum Filipino (C. philippinum).
Dubi ƙasa da wasu daga cikin zuriyar jinsunan clerodendrums da wasu nau'ikansu a cikin hoto, duba cikakken bayanin kowane ɗayansu:
Thomson's clerodendrums (C. thomsonae) tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi da farin kofin an yi amfani da shi sosai. Bar har zuwa 20 cm tsayi, gabaɗaya, koren duhu a launi, mai tushe ya kai tsayin 3 m. Kowane toho ya haɗu zuwa 2.5 cm a girma, tare da kararrawa mai-kumburi fari ko ƙoƙon tsami, a ƙarshen ƙarshen taurari masu launin "haske". Flowersanan furanni suna tara abin tsoro. Wannan shi ne abin da yawancin jinsuna a cikin gida suke yi kama da ita - Thompson's Clodendrum.
Dubi nau'in tsabtataccen nau'in thrompson a cikin hoto:
Ana iya ganin farkon fari a cikin Maris, kuma sake liana na iya ba da launi a cikin kaka. Bayan warkashir ya bushe, kofuna waɗanda suka zauna a kan shuka na dogon lokaci, amma a lokaci guda inuwarsa ta zama lilac.
Clerodendrum m - wani nau'in tsiro mai ɗaukar hoto, wanda aka san shi da zagaye, harbe mai ban sha'awa. Siffar ganyayyaki suna zagaye, mai kamannin zuciya har zuwa 8 cm tsayi, har zuwa 6 cm fadi, gefuna suna da ban tsoro. Kyakkyawan clerodendrum shine ɗayan fewan wannan shuka da ke da tsawon furanni, yana iya ɗaukar kusan shekara guda. A wannan lokacin, garkuwa kamar gajeren rubutu tare da buds na launin ja zai bayyana a kan itacen inabi, wanda a hankali zai maye gurbin juna.
Clerodendrum na nau'in Inerme ya bambanta a cikin ciyawar oval na inuwa mai fure. Inflorescences suna kama da kwari tare da dogayen tarihi na launin shuɗi. A cikin Inerme clerodendrum, nau'in foliage fodaage ana saninsa da kasancewar wurare masu haske, wanda ke sa launin kore mai kama da marmara.
Clerodendrum Bunge Itaciya ce mai saurin girma, daga abin da ta yankan harbe zaka iya samar da shuka a cikin irin dazuzzuka mai matsakaici. Yana da ganyayyaki masu kama da zuciya, kore mai duhu a launi. Siffar halayyar wannan fure mai itace ita ce idan aka fallasa hasken rana kai tsaye, tohonta ya zama kamar ganuwar Lilac. Kuma idan shuka ba ta da isasshen haske, to, tana faɗuwa.
Clodendrum na wannan nau'in blooms tare da rasberi rasberi da ke bayyana a ƙarshen harbe. Amma yayin da furanni ke girma, suna canza launin su, suna samun inuwa mai laushi mai laushi cikin yanayin fure. Inflorescences sunada yawa, mai sihiri kuma suna kama da gaisuwa.
Kyakkyawan Clerodendrum - Wannan itace shuki mai dunƙuƙen daji wanda ke da alamun harbi halayyar 4 fuskoki. Ganyayyaki suna da kamannin zuciya da kuma dan zagaye, kadan gefen wavy. Mafi kyawun inflorescences na wannan nau'in, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin panicles na nau'in apical, sune kofuna waɗanda aka yi ruwan hoda tare da duhu mai launin shuɗi. Za a iya lura da farkon farkon a watan Yuni, lokacin furanni ya ƙare da Satumba.
Dubi sauran nau'ikan furanni na clerodendrum a cikin hoto kuma ku yaba da ƙirarrakinsu:
Duk da kyawunta, wannan shuka ba ta daɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗɗa da kulawa, amma har yanzu tana buƙatar kulawa.
Clerodendrum ne saboda haka yellowed, stained da ganye fada
Dankin yana da hoto, a lokacin bazara da tsakar rana yana buƙatar kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Mafi dacewa da wannan gonakin 'ya'yan inabin za su zama windows na gabas ko yamma. Akwai isasshen haske ga fure, wanda hakan zai shafi ci gabanta. Mutane da yawa masu noman furanni sun lura cewa idan an sanya tukunya da wannan shuka a kan windowsill na arewacin taga, to, ganyayyaki sun fara faɗuwa a inda keɓewa. Wannan alama ce bayyananniya cewa ya rasa hasken rana. Rashin isasshen haske kuma na iya haifarwa da gaskiyar cewa inflorescences na shuka ya zama mara nauyi ko kar ya bayyana kwata-kwata. Hakanan ba'a so don sanya clerodendrum akan windowsills na kudu - wannan shine babban dalilin da yasa ganye ya zama rawaya kuma ya zama mai kazanta. Tare da tsawantawar bayyanar ta liana a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye, ganyayenta suna konewa, wanda ke shafar tasirin adon ta. Hanyar warware matsalar na iya zama juyawa zuwa wani wuri mafi dacewa ko shashawar fure.
Zazzabi a cikin hunturu ya zama + 12-15 ° C, wanda ke ba da shuka tare da kwanciyar hankali na hunturu kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaba da samar da fure.
Itace tana buƙatar tsananin zafi, sabili da haka wajibi ne don fesa ganye tare da ruwa mai laushi kuma mafi kyau idan an daidaita. Saboda wannan manufa, wajibi ne don kare itacen inabi daga kayan dumama a cikin hunturu, wanda ke bushe iska kusa da clerodendrum. Don rage tasiri mara kyau, zaka iya amfani da tire tare da tsakuwa mai laushi, wanda yakamata a ɗora faranti. Reducedarancin rage yawan zafi na yanayi na iya zama babban dalilin da yasa foliage akan cloderndrum ya zama rawaya. Zaku iya magance wannan matsalar ta hanyar daidaita wannan mai nuna alama.
Mafi kyawun maɓallin keɓaɓɓen kayan itace daga turf da ƙasa mai ganye, humus, peat da yashi (2: 2: 1: 1: 1). Ya kamata humic, dan kadan acidic.
Dasa kuma dasa shuki
Idan kun zama ma'ab thecin clerodendrum, to, lokacin barin da girma ya kamata a fahimci cewa wannan tsiro ya fito ne daga wurare masu zafi, inda yake da zafi da kuma laushi sosai a lokaci guda. Sabili da haka, gwargwadon yiwuwa, samar da fure tare da waɗannan yanayin. Babban abubuwanda yakamata ku kula dasu yayin habbaka al'amura sune:
- Watse.
- Manyan miya.
- Turawa.
- Juyawa
Idan zamuyi magana game da tsarin ban ruwa, to ya kamata mu bi wani ka'ida: mafi girman zafin jiki na iska da ke kewaye da shi, yalwataccen ƙasa ya kamata. Amma kada ku cika shuka, babban jagora shine bushewar saman Layer na ƙasa a cikin furen fure. Kuma tuna cewa a lokacin da ake girma girma yawan ruwa ake bukata. A lokacin rani, kasar gona ko da yaushe ya kasance m. Don ban ruwa na ƙasa ya kamata a yi amfani da ruwa tsaye, zazzabi dakin.
Furen gida na carrodendrum lokacin barin lokacin yana buƙatar abinci mai dacewa. Wannan zai taimaka musu su bunkasa sosai kuma su ba da yalwar fure. Ya kamata a ciyar da shuka sau ɗaya a wata tare da cikakken ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya na musamman:
- "Kayan Kemira".
- "Agricola na tsire-tsire na fure."
- "Pokon" et al.
A lokacin girman aiki, ana iya ninka adadin aikace-aikacen abubuwa masu amfani har zuwa lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 14-16. A wannan lokacin, fure yakan cinye ma'adanai mahimmanci, don haka irin wannan sutturar da ake yi akai-akai ba zata zama alaƙa ba.
Kowace shekara a farkon bazara, dole ne a dasa ƙananan tsire-tsire a cikin babban akwati tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa (2-3 cm). Don tsohuwar fure, irin wannan hanya wajibi ne tare da mita na 1 lokaci a cikin shekaru 3-4. Dasa gidan clerodendrum a cikin sabon tukunya ya kamata ya faru a bazara. Yi wannan aikin ta hanyar jigilar tsire-tsire. Wannan yana ba ku damar lalata tushen tsarin fure kuma a lokaci guda wadata ƙasa da abubuwa masu amfani.
Yi tukunya mafi girma don dasawa kafin gonakin inabinku na gida. A kasan, ba tare da gazawa ba, sa wani yanki na sabon magudanar ruwa. Cika kusan 1/3 na furen fure tare da sabon ƙasa, ƙara ɗan yashi a ƙasa. Na gaba, ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa dasawa. Da farko, jiƙa ƙasa ball da kyau tare da shuka. Lokacin da ruwa ya tuna, cire alkama daga tsohuwar tukunya tare da ƙasa. Matsar da shi zuwa sabon furen fure da aka shirya kuma rufe sakamakon voids tare da sabuwar ƙasa.
Cropping lokacin da yin kambi na carrodendrum a gida
Lokacin dasawa, zaka iya hada wannan tsari tare da dasa furewar fure. Ana cire tsayi da raunanan matakai, kuma don ba da shuka wata sifa mafi daukaka, ana iya pinched. Samuwar kambi na clerodendrum yana da matukar muhimmanci, tunda wannan fure ta kasance ta gonar inabi ce, girmanta zai iya kaiwa mita 2-3, wanda ba koyaushe dace a cikin ɗakin. Kuma kawai pruning na yau da kullun zai taimaka wajen kula da siffar daji daji ko itace.
Mafi saurin dasa shuki na shuka shine cirewar 1/3 na tsawon tsayayyun harbe. Wannan shekara-shekara clipping na clerodendrum inganta yawan fure.
Lokacin da aka girma a gida, wannan itacen inabi yakan yi kama da na daji mai matsakaici. Don yin wannan, a farkon bazara, an yanke dukkan harbe zuwa girman 7 cm daga ma'anar girma. Sa'an nan inji ya fara girma da himma, sababbin matasa harbe tare da ganye suna bayyana kuma sakamakon shine kyakkyawan fure na fure.
Yadda za a datsa rassan clododendrum yadda yakamata
Idan kana son samun liana a cikin karamin karamin bishiya, to lallai kana bukatar sanin yadda zaka datsa rassan kwalliyar daidai. Lokacin ƙirƙirar fure na matasa, ya kamata a cire harbe harbe, ya bar mafi girma, mai ƙarfi da lafiya. Dukkanin waɗannan ayyukan ana yin su har sai shuka ya kai girman 0.8 m. Mataki na gaba shine yanke saman gindin da aka kafa. Wannan zai ba ka damar fara rayayye harbe. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, twigs din da suka bayyana yakamata a zage shi ya samar da kambi. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ka cire duk tushen da zai iya bugu da appearari yana bayyana a tsabtace a ƙasa.
KADA ka damu idan ka lura cewa an bushe bushewar itacen ka akan itacen ka. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa wasu nau'ikan wannan shuka suna tsara haɓakar kansu, bushewa fitar da excessan harbe. Don clerodendrums tare da wannan fasalin, cirewar shrunken harbe ya kamata a haɗa shi cikin pruning a gida.
Hanyar yaduwa na clerodendrum a gida ta hanyar yanke
Kamar yadda yake girma da kowane fure na gida, mutane da yawa sun damu da tambayar yadda wannan wakilin dangin Verbenov yake. Hanyar da aka fi so shine itace a cikin bazara, kuma nau'in da ke da furanni masu sauƙi ana iya shuka shi tare da clerodendrum.
Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar yanka, ana iya sanya kayan dasa ko dai a cikin ruwa har sai Tushen ya bayyana, ko kuma nan da nan aka dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai shirya. Idan kun zaɓi hanyar farko, to, ku shirya jirgin ruwa da ruwa mai tsabta, a ciki, don haɓaka bayyanar da tushen, zaku iya ƙara "Kornevin." An sanya ciyayi a cikin wannan ruwa, dole ne a adana shi a cikin haske, wuri mai dumi. Bayan tushen farko ya bayyana a kan tsiron, ya kamata a tura shi ga cakuda ƙasa wadda aka shirya.
A halin da ake ciki na dasa shuki nan da nan cikin ƙasa, jiran bayyanar tushen ba a buƙatar shi.
Bugu da ari, komai yadda ka girma clerodendrum, kiwo da za'ayi a gida ya nuna wasu kula da cuttings. A gare shi, ya kamata a ƙirƙira yanayin yanayi ta hanyar rufe shi da cellophane ko gilashi. Dole ne a sanya tukunya da kayan dasa a cikin wuri mai haske, mai dumin ɗumi. Ya kamata a dasa shukar furanni kowace rana, mu sanya ƙasa kamar yadda ya cancanta. Da zaran ganyen farko sun bayyana akan ganyen, wanda ke nuna nasarar dasa shuka, ana cire cellophane ko fim. Yarinyar fure na clerodendrum yana buƙatar kulawa iri ɗaya a gida kamar yadda ya girma, kuma farkon canzawa zuwa cikin fure mafi girma ya kamata ya faru ba a cikin watanni 12 zuwa 13 ba.
Yadda za a yadu da ƙwayoyin clerodendrum
Idan kuna da tsaba na wannan shuka, to ya kamata a shuka su a ƙarshen hunturu a faɗin, amma ba ƙarfin sosai ba. Bayan makonni 2-2.5, seedlings suka bayyana. Bayan an ƙirƙiri ganyen 2-3 na farko a kan harbe, wanda dole ne a cire shi yayin da suke girma, yakamata a yi. Za'a iya saukowa a cikin kofunan da za'a iya zubar dashi, a kasan wanda aka yi manyan ramuka na shara. Sa'an nan kuma girma seedlings suna transed cikin tukwane daban. Tare da irin wannan namo, dole ne a tabbatar:
- Yawan shayarwa.
- Zazzabi: yayin rana - + 20, da dare - +16 digiri.
Yanzu kun san duk asirin girma clerodendrum da yadda ake yadu dashi ta hanyar ƙwaya da tsaba. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa tare da ƙaramin ƙoƙari don kula da wannan shuka, zai iya faranta maka rai tare da launi mai kyau da kyan gani.
Me ya sa bai clerodendrum Bloom: cututtuka na shuka da kwari
Mafi sau da yawa, canje-canje a cikin girma, haɓaka, da yalwar fure za'a iya lura dashi a cikin yanayin rashin kulawa da wannan shuka. Don magance matsalar, ya kamata ku gano kuskure cikin girma furen da kawar dashi. Misali, dalilin da ya sa duhun ya fara jujjuya ganye, a wasu lokutan kuma shuka na iya yin jifa da su, ba zai isa a shayar da shi ba, wadatar da shi a daki mai bushewa, ko kuma tsawan lokaci game da kwanciyar hankali a hasken rana kai tsaye.
Florists lura cewa shuka ne sosai resistant ga cuta. Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana iya lura da tabo na chlorosis akan ganyen wannan liana.Don clerodendrum, bayyanar irin wannan cuta yana nuna rashin ƙarfe a cikin ƙasa. Don dakatar da irin waɗannan hanyoyin mutuwa, ana kula da ganye tare da shirye-shiryen da ke ƙunshe da wannan kashi (chelate iron). Don tsire-tsire tare da alamun chlorosis, irin wannan magani ya kamata a gudanar da shi sau uku a shekara.
Ya bambanta da cututtuka, kwari masu cutarwa sune ainihin matsala yayin girma clerodendrum. Mafi yawan kwari da ake iya samu akan sa sune:
- Spider mite.
- Aphids.
- Farar fata
Spider mite ya bayyana a cikin internodes na shuka kuma yayi kama da yanar gizo. A wannan yanayin, ana iya lura da lokacin da ake jujjuyawar ƙwayar ganye. Don magance waɗannan kwari, ya kamata a yi amfani da shirye-shiryen sunadarai (Akarin, Talstar, Vitoverm, Vertimek). Fesa da shuka, idan umarnin ba su ce in ba haka ba, ya kamata ya zama sau ɗaya, kuma ya kamata a sake yin wani magani bayan kwanaki 14
Aphids - kwaro ne wanda ya zama dalilin da yasa baya yin fure ko bada ƙwararrun ɓoyayyiyar ɓarna a cikin gida. Florists na iya tantance kasancewar sa a kan shuka. Yawanci, aphids suna riƙe da ƙungiyoyi kuma suna mai da hankali ga ganye, a gindin fure. Tana cin ruwan 'ya'yan itace na shuka kuma mai ɗaukar cututtukan cututtukan hoto. Lokacin da ya bayyana a kan clerodendrum, yanke abubuwan da suka lalace, kuma ku bi fure tare da shirye-shiryen sunadarai ("Aktara", "Komandor", "Corado").
Farar fata Yayi kama da midge wanda yake a bayyane har ma daga nesa. Yana sanya larvae a gindin ganyayyaki, kuma hanyoyin aiwatar da mahimmancin aikinsa ya kai ga gaskiyar cewa an rufe kore ciyawar da farin fat. Tare da shan kashi na clerodendrum da whitefly, yana da Dole a cire duk wuraren da abin ya shafa kuma ya fesa furen tare da fungicides.
Yadda za a yi fure mai tsabta gida
A lokacin da girma clerodendrum, kowane grower yana son shuka ya ba da kyau da yawa mai launi. Amma ba kowa ne ke samun nasarar wannan ba. Sabili da haka, mutane da yawa suna sha'awar wannan tambaya game da yadda ake yin clerodendrum Bloom a gida. Ga mahimman ƙa'idodi:
- Sanya sanyi a cikin hunturu (tsakanin +12 da +15).
- Lokaci mai ruwa.
- Ciyar da ƙwayar cuta a lokacin lokacin haɓaka.
Idan ka lura da cewa bayanin ka ya canza launin toka ya koma ganye, to ka nemi kurakurai cikin kula dashi:
- Babu ruwa ko ruwa sosai.
- Yayi bushewar iska
- Hasken rana kai tsaye.
A mafi yawan lokuta, kawar da wadannan mummunan tasirin waje a kan shuka, yana yiwuwa a kawo ci gaban furen a matakai na yau da kullun, yana girma da sauri kuma yana haifar da wadataccen fure mai laushi.
