A yau a hannun masu gonar gidaje masu zaman kansu da kananan gidaje na rani akwai yawancin nau'ikan zubin zaki da na zabin gida da na waje. Amma tare da duk yalwar, cherries Valery Chkalov, ci gaba a cikin 70s na karni na karshe, bayanin iri-iri da kuma shekaru masu girma na kwarewa yana tabbatar da darajar wannan amfanin gonar 'ya'yan itace.
Tarihin ire-iren Valery Chkalov
Aiki a kan iri-iri da aka haɗa a cikin Rijista na Jiha a cikin 1974 an fara shi a cikin 60s. Don fitar da farkon cherries tare da kyakkyawan yanayin hunturu da kyakkyawar dandano, ya ɗauki ƙoƙarin ƙungiyar Labowararrun Kwayoyin Halittu ta Tsararraki mai suna bayan Michurin da Melitopol OSS. A matsayin kayan tushe, masu shayarwa daga Michurinsk da Ukrainian Melitopol sun ɗauki ucan itacen Caucasian Pink Cherry. Wannan nau'in ya riga ya tabbatar da darajar ta a cikin gidajen Aljannar Arewacin Caucasus kuma, kamar yadda aka sa ran, ba zai iya ba da ƙarancin zuriya mai ban sha'awa ba.
Itacen da aka samo daga pollination kyauta daga ƙarshe ya zama tsayayyun tsire-tsire tare da kambi mai shimfiɗa da farkon fruiting. Ciki mai dadi Valery Chkalov wanda aka nuna a cikin hoto ya sadu da tsammanin masana kimiyya. Don juriya, haɓakawa da bayyanar "jari", al'adar ta karɓi sunan shahararren matukin jirgin Soviet.
Abubuwa na rarrabe na cherries Valery Chkalov
Lokacin yana dan shekara biyar, lokacin da aka fara samun 'ya'yan itace, bishiyar ta zama wani kambi mai ƙyalli na matsakaiciyar matsakaici, wanda kowace shekara ke ɗaukar siffar mai yaduwa, wanda ke zama mabuɗin girbin amfanin gaba.
A cikin shekaru 10, bishiyar da tayi girma tana da sauki a gane:
- a kan toka, mai launin toka-launin ruwan kasa haushi an rufe kara;
- a kan rassan kwarangwal mai ƙarfi wanda ke shimfiɗa daga gangar jikin a wani kusurwa na 45-60 °;
- a kan ɓawon burodi rinjaye a kambi mai santsi, launin ruwan kasa tare da jan toka;
- a kan da yawa ganye rufe da harbe wannan da na karshe yanayi.
Fushin cherries Valery Chkalov shima babba ne. Tare da kulawa da ta dace da kuma shayarwa a karamin girma, tsawon haske kore ganye tare da gefuna gefuna ya kai 19 da faɗin 10 cm. A kan rassan perennial, faranti ganye kadan. Amma a lokaci guda, dukansu suna da sihiri mai kyau tare da nuna alama. Gefen sama, dan kadan mai sheki mai fenti mai haske fiye da baya. A jijiyoyin, musamman kusa da ginin, ba su da kyau kuma ana iya ganinsu. A kan harbe, ana sa ganye a kan petioles 40-50 mm mai tsayi.
Siffofin fruiting cherries Valery Chkalov
Ya kamata a sa ran 'ya'yan itatuwa na farko a shekara ta biyar. Dangane da bayanin, cherries Valery Chkalov ne halin farkon fure bazara. Mass ripening na babban cikakken burgundy m berries yana faruwa a farkon rabin Yuni, wanda ya ba da damar mutum ya danganta al'adar ga ɗayan farkon.
Matsakaicin yawan 'ya'yan itace shine giram 6-8, a yankuna na kudanci a cikin kyawawan shekarun da ake so iri-iri tare da morea fruitsan fruitsa fruitsan cikakken girke-girke na zuciya. A cikin sashin, drupes mai laushi yana nuna duhun ja mai duhu tare da shuɗuwa, jijiyoyi mara nauyi da manyan ƙasusuwa masu nauyi wanda yakai nauyin 0.4. Ba koyaushe zai yiwu a raba shi da ɓangaren litattafan almara ba tare da haɗarin lalata cherries ba. Idan Berry ne rumpled, mai dadi, mai dauke da yawa sugars, tare da karamin m sourness, duhu ja ruwan 'ya'yan itace fita a waje.
Kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin bayanin cherry cherlery Chkalov, giram 100 na 'ya'yan itatuwa sun ƙunshi:
- 13.5 grams na fiber na abin da ake ci;
- 10.7 grams na sugars;
- 0.6 grams na Organic acid;
- Milligrams 21.5 na bitamin C.
Cikakkun lafiya da kwalliya
, a cewar masana, yana da ma'anar kayan zaki, amma a lokaci guda ya tabbatar da cewa ba ta da muni a cikin kayan abinci, kayan dafa abinci, shirye-shiryen gida da adana su.
A cikin yanayin da ya fi dacewa a cikin tsibiran Crimea, wani ɗan itacen da ke da ɗanɗano mai launi cherle Valery Chkalov yana bada har kilogiram 60 na 'ya'yan itace mai laushi da aka zuba tare da zaƙi. Nisan arewa, yawan amfanin gona kusan sau 2-3 ke nan, duk da haka, yan lambu suna fifita amfanin gona saboda tsananin tsananin sanyi da kwanciyar hankali.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfanin cherries Valery Chkalov
Haƙiƙa cewa ba a manta da nau'ikan zaɓi na Soviet a yau ba, in ji da yawa. Babban amfani da cherries shine kyakkyawan kyakkyawan dandano mai dadi, maras nauyi a cikin acid, 'ya'yan itaciyar da ke yaduwa a gaban takwarorinsu. Kai shekarun fruiting, itatuwa a kai a kai murna tare da taro na berries, a zahiri lulling karfi da harbe.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa cherries na wannan iri-iri ana halin karuwar juriya sanyi. Tare da dasa ingantacciyar shuka da kuma kula da cherries, iri-iri Valery Chkalov yana da tushe a yankuna tare da matsakaicin lokacin sanyi na -25 ° C. Idan sanyi kuma ya shafi ci gaban da fure na fure, to ba a jujjuya shi ba, barin itacen dama can gaba da bazara don gyara lalacewa.
Don guje wa lalacewar tushe da ƙananan sashin kambi, a ƙarshen kaka, kafin sanyi ta isa, an rufe su da rassan spruce, kayan kwalliya na musamman, murɗa ko takarda a rufe. Trunks Circles share of fall ganye da ciyawa da yawa.
Kamar yawancin nau'ikan cherries, wannan nau'in ya daɗaɗa da kai. Wato, don samun kyakkyawan girbi, dole ne mai shuki ya shuka iri biyu ko fiye a cikin yankin. Pollinators na cherries Valery Chkalov - nau'ikan da suka yi fure a cikin wannan lokacin. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Aprelka da Yuni na Cherries, Zhabule da Soon-Spelka, da kuma duk wani tsohuwar nau'in Faransanci, gama gari ba kawai a Turai ba har ma a Kudancin Rasha.
Rashin ƙarfi daga nau'ikan sun haɗa da rashin isasshen juriya game da lalacewar launin toka da sauran cututtukan dutse. Sabili da haka, lokacin barin, mutum bai kamata ya ƙyale yawan kambi mai yawa ba, yana da mahimmanci don yaƙar kwari kuma kar ku manta game da rigakafin cututtukan fungal.
