Wannan fure mai ƙanshi mai kyan gani shine adon kowane irin lambu kuma ba abu bane mai ɗaukar hankali kamar yadda ake tsammani. Ko da zaune a Siberia, zaka iya samun nasarar girma da farin ciki tare da bin ka'idodin dasa shuki da kulawa.
Gladioli a takaice
Gladiolus (Fennel) shine tsiro mai perennial mallakar dangin iris. Manyan samfurori mafi girma sun kai mita ɗaya da rabi a tsayi. Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan suna rufe kusan gamut ɗin launi - daga dusar ƙanƙara-fari zuwa kusan baki, gami da inuwa mai launin kore. Yana girma sosai kuma yana fure a cikin wuraren da ke da rana. A shuka propagates da corms. Albarkatun albasa na shekara-shekara da aka dasa a cikin bazara a lokacin kakar ya ƙare kuma ya mutu. A wannan wuri, ana samar da kwararan fitila maimakon uku tare da ƙananan yara.
Don narkar da gladioli a Siberiya, iri tare da farkon lokacin furanni ko matsakaici sun dace da kwararan fitila su yi ƙaho.
Zaɓin shafin da kuma shirin ƙasa don gladioli
Mafi kyawun wurin akan rukunin zai zama wuri mai zafin rana a gefen kudu, an kiyaye shi daga iska mai sanyi kuma ba tare da tsauraran matakan ruwa ba. Kyakkyawan kariya daga iska na iya zama shinge, bango na gida ko trellis tare da hawan tsirrai. Wadannan furanni ba zasu iya tsayawa kan tsaunin kwari ba. Idan rukunin yanar gizon yana da ƙasa, a ƙarƙashin gladioli kuna buƙatar yin babban gado tare da magudanar ruwa. Lokacin bazara na gladioli don dasa shuki a Siberiya yana farawa a cikin fall. Tona yankin da aka zaɓa, 'yantar daga ciyawa, kuma ƙara taki:
- phosphoric, potash,
- ash
- rotted taki ko takin.
Don ƙasa mai nauyi, yumbu ya kamata a ƙara.
Ana amfani da takin mai magani sosai, tunda tushen tsarin gladioli yana da nau'i biyu kuma yana zuwa zurfin 30-40 cm.
Spring corm shiri da germination
Lokacin dasa gladioli a Siberiya na iya canzawa dangane da yankin ku da yankin ku. Kuna buƙatar mayar da hankali kan yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa. A lokacin shuka, yakamata ya bushe kuma ya dumama har zuwa digiri 10-15. Wannan yakan faru ne a farkon rabin Mayu.
Wata daya kafin ranar da za a dasa shuki, kwararan fitila su shirya:
- fita daga wurin ajiyar kuma tsaftace daga busassun kwari;
- a hankali bincika da zubar da bushe da mara lafiya;
- bi da kwararan fitila tare da potassiumganganate da kowane ƙwayar antifungal - Maxim, Fundazol;
- don fure na farko, zaku iya jiƙa kwararan fitila a cikin abubuwan ƙarfafa - Epin, Energen.
Lokacin da gurneti na gladioli sun lalata, suna iya fara shuka. A Siberiya, wannan hanya zata taimaka don samun farkon fure da kuma nasarar girma game da dasa kayan. Don ƙwaya, ɗakuna mai dumi, mai haske tare da matsakaicin matsakaici ya dace. Tubers an dage farawa a cikin wani Layer. A cikin kwanaki 10-15, mafita ya kamata ya bayyana a kansu.
Idan babu harbe ya bayyana a cikin makonni biyu, kayan dasa don dasa bai dace ba.
Yadda ake shuka seedlings na gladioli
Idan iri-iri ba ya bambanta da farkon fure, ana iya girma fure ta hanyar seedling. A Siberiya, ya zama dole a samu gladioli don yin shuka don shuka a ƙarshen hunturu, a lokacin da ake girma da barkono da plantan itace. Bayan shirye-shiryen, ana dasa tubers a cikin kwalaye tare da ƙasa mai saurin zurfin zuwa zurfin 1-1.5 cm Ana adana ƙasa mai daɗaɗa. An sanya akwatuna a cikin wuri mai ɗumi. A lokacin dasa shuki, 'ya'yan itacen dole ne su sami tsarin tushen da ganye da yawa.
Saukowa gladioli a cikin ƙasa
Dankin dasa shuki na gladioli a buɗe a Siberiya yayi daidai da lokacin da ƙasa zata yi zafi zuwa digiri 8-10 kuma bazai yiwu lokacin sanyi ba.
Sauya kwararan fitila da yaran da aka haƙa a faɗo sun dace da dasa. Kuna iya dasa gladiolus a cikin furrows ko nesting a cikin gadaje na fure. An ɗoran fuka-fukan a kan yashi mai bushe, zuwa zurfin 5-8 cm, nisan da ke tsakanin su a jere ya zama 10-15 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka - 25-30. An dasa yara zuwa zurfin 3-4 cm, suna yin gibin da yakai cm 2-3. Yi waƙa da su rana ɗaya a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi. Bayan dasawa, ana shayar da rijiyoyin da ruwa mai ɗumi.
Ya kamata a yanke ƙafafun yara a cikin yara don samun babbar kwan fitila a cikin bazara.
Kulawar Gladiolus
Dama ingantacciyar shuka da kulawa mai dacewa don gladioli zai tabbatar da ingantaccen girma da fure mai yawa koda a yanayin Siberian mai ƙarfi.
Kafin seedlings ya fito, ya kamata a shayar da tubers sosai a hankali kuma a hankali domin ƙasa ba ta ɗauka. Bayan 'ya'yan fari na farko sun bayyana, an kara yawan ruwa. Zai fi kyau ruwa ba a ƙarƙashin tushe ba, amma a cikin tsagi kusa da nan. Soilasa a ƙarƙashin furanni yana kwance kullun saboda iska ta shiga cikin tushen, kuma an cire ciyayi. Bayan bayyanar peduncles, dole ne a ɗaure nau'ikan tsayi a kan pegs.
Kwaro da kariya daga cuta
Gladioli yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal da thrips. Yana rage yiwuwar cututtukan fungal shirye-shiryen da suka dace na dasa kayan, kulawa da ta dace da kuma feshin tsire-tsire na lokaci. Kamfanoni marasa lafiya ya kamata a cire su daga cikin lambun tare da dunƙule na ƙasa, wannan wuri ya kamata a zubar da kowane irin ƙwayar cuta, sannan a fesa tare da sauran bushes ɗin lafiya.
Daga tafiye-tafiye, magani tare da kwayoyi irin su Decis, Iskra, Actellik, Fufanon yana taimakawa.
Rigakafin cutar ta ƙunshi matsakaici na shayarwa, shuka iri da kuma cire ciyawar.
Tarin tattarawa da adana kayan shuka
Kwararan fitila da yara suna tattarawa don ajiya a lokacin kaka, kafin lokacin sanyi. An yi imani da cewa sun cikakken ripen 35 kwanaki bayan flowering. Ana tsabtace tsire-tsire tare da felu ko falle, da hankali kada su lalata. Bayan tono, kana buƙatar girgiza ƙasa kuma yanke tushe. Bayan wannan, an ɗora wa kawunan 'ya'yan itaciyar ganye bushewa.
A cikin ɗakin ana iya ajiye su a cikin firiji, a nannade cikin yadudduka da dama da jakar filastik. A cikin kunshin kuna buƙatar yin ramuka don samun iska. Hakanan, za'a iya adana kayan dasa a cikin busassun bushewa mai tsabta.
Don haka, kiyaye waɗannan ka'idoji masu sauƙi na dasa da kulawa, har ma a Siberiya, gladioli za a iya girma. Yawancin nau'ikan farkon tare da lokutan furanni daban-daban zasu gamsu da ƙwararren mai lambu don mafi yawan bazara.
