Cherries suna girma a kusan kowace lambun, koda kuwa babu wani lambu - aƙalla ɗaya bishiyoyi biyu ko biyu a halin yanzu suna kusa da gidan ko ma a tsakiyar gado na fure. Yankunan arewacin ƙasarmu ba togiya bane, amma ba kowa bane ya yi nasarar zaɓar nau'ikan ceri mafi kyau ga yankin Moscow. Da farko, wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayin canjin yanayi na musamman na Yankin Moscow, saboda sau da yawa sanyi a wannan yankin ya kai digiri 35.
Kafin gano menene halayen cherries ya kamata don namo a cikin yankuna na arewacin, kuma wanda cherries zai samo tushe a nan, yana da daraja ɗan magana game da yanayin yankin na Moscow.
Gasar masu zafi a kusa da Moscow
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, masu bushe-bushe a Yankin Moscow suna da matukar ƙarfi, kuma bala'i kamar tsinkaye yakan faru. Sabili da haka, nau'in cherries don kewayen karkara ya kamata:
- kyakkyawar juriya sanyi - yin tsayayya da irin wannan zafin jiki;
- hunturu hardiness - don jure wa mai tsananin sanyi ko icing.
Mafi yawan 'ya'yan itace cututtuka da na kowa
'Ya'yan itãcen growinga growingan da ke girma a cikin yankin galibi suna iya saurin kamuwa da cututtuka, daga cikinsu akwai:
- Karasawa Yana shafar sashi mai lalacewa - ganyayyaki sannu a hankali suna canza launi, juya rawaya da crumble.
- Moniliosis. 'Ya'yan itacen suna birgewa - an rufe cherries da farin farin da ruɓaɓɓen.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa cherries na yankin Moscow suma sun kara juriya ga wadannan cututtukan, tunda ana iya kawar da cherries daga gare su kawai tare da taimakon sinadarai, kuma wannan zai sanya 'ya'yan itaciyar ba su dace ba.
Kwatanta duk halaye masu mahimmanci waɗanda kyawawan nau'ikan cherries na yankin Moscow yakamata suyi, daga cikinsu akwai wasu nau'in halittu waɗanda suke jin girma a cikin yanayin yankin kuma basu da haɗari ga cututtuka:
- Cutar Lyubskaya;
- Abubuwan cakulan na Apukhtinsky;
- Turgenevka;
- Matasa Matasa.
Cherries Lyubskaya
Ofaya daga cikin amfanin wannan iri shine ƙarancin girmansa lokacin da ya isa girma - cherries ba ta wuce mita 3, wanda ke sauƙaƙe girbi.
Babu ƙaramin mahimmanci shine gaskiyar cewa Lyubskaya ceri yana samar da kambi na ɗimbin matsakaici na matsakaici, kodayake yana yaduwa. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa motsawa bayan cropping. Rassan Lateral suna da nau'ikan baka kuma suna a wani kusurwa mai kauri zuwa babban akwati. Launin haushi na ceri launin ruwan kasa tare da launin toka, saman haushi an rufe shi da fasa.
Berries na kyakkyawan kyakkyawan launi mai launin ja, sourness ta ci gaba da dandano. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da cherries na wannan iri-iri lokacin da compote ko jam ke birgima, inda za'a iya amfani da bayanin acid ɗin ta hanyar ƙara sukari.
Bambancin Lyubsky yana nufin nau'in cherries masu cin gashin kansu don kewayen gari, kuma suna bada 'ya'ya har da shi kaɗai. Girbin abu mai yiwuwa ne tun daga shekara ta biyu ta rayuwar itaciya; lokacin da ya kai shekaru 9, ceri ya zama cikakkiyar ƙarfi kuma ya ba da 'ya'ya sosai, yayin da fruitsa arean ke tsayayya da sufuri. Koyaya, bayan shekaru 20, tsarin rayuwarsa ya ƙare kuma itaciyar ta cika.
Rashin daidaituwa na nau'in ceri na Lyubskaya ya haɗa da halayen haushi. Ta hanyar fasa a ciki, yayin tsananin sanyi, ceri na iya ƙone wuta, don haka gangar jikin, har da tushen, suna buƙatar ƙarin tsari.
A lokacin da girma ceri Lyubskaya ceri on acidic kasa, kafin dasa shuki seedling, shi wajibi ne don lemun tsami kasar gona, tunda wannan iri-iri ba ya girma da kyau tare da babban acidity.
Hakanan, ƙwayoyin Lyubskaya suna da rauni ga suturar sunadarai na yau da kullun, amma tare da godiya za su yarda da kwayoyin halitta. A iri-iri ne unpretentious a cikin goyon baya, ba ya bukatar pruning (sai dai cire bushe harbe) da kuma yawan watering (watering ya zama matsakaici domin babu wani tururuwar ruwa kusa da tushen tsarin).
Bambancin cherries Apukhtinskaya
Bambancin ma ba su da girma sosai (2.5-3 m), a sifar yana kama da dazuka. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a yalwace a cikin shekara ta biyu tare da manyan duhu cherries, a bit kamar zuciya. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari kaɗan.
Abun cakulan na Apukhtinsky ya kasance na marigayi iri ne mai saurin haihuwa, fure a watan Yuni, ana girbe amfanin gona a ƙarshen bazara. Saboda ƙarshen fure, ceri yana da sauƙin yanayin hunturu, amma a lokaci guda saboda wannan bai dace ba don amfani dashi a cikin pollination. Bugu da kari, a yanayin saukan farkon farkon kaka da kuma sanyaya mai kaifi, kalar ba ta da lokacin yin riji da fada. Amma iri-iri kusan kusan rigakafin kamuwa da cuta ne.
Lokacin dasa shuki na Apukhtinsky ckin don kewayen gari, kuna buƙatar zaɓar seedling mai shekaru biyu. Matsakaicin da ya fi dacewa don itace zai kasance gefen kudu na gonar, inda seedling zai sami isasshen hasken rana don ci gaban al'ada.
Zai fi kyau dasa cherries a cikin kaka, yayin zabar wani wuri daga ruwan karkashin kasa (ba kusa da 2.5 m zuwa saman duniya).
Wannan nau'ikan za a iya danganta shi da mafi kyawun cherries don yankin na Moscow, tunda yana da cikakkiyar ma'anar kulawa. Ya isa a hadi da datsa bishiyar akan lokaci. An gabatar da rigar miya ta farko a lokacin shuka (superphosphates, potash da takin gargajiya), ana yin sutturar miya ta gaba duk shekara uku. A lokacin da pruning akan bishiya, kuna buƙatar barin harbe 5 kawai a kowace kambi. Na farko pruning ne da za'ayi nan da nan bayan dasa. Bayan haka, kowane faduwa, ana yanke kambi don a kiyaye tsari kuma a samar da girbi mai yawa.
Amma game da shayarwa, ya zama tilas ne kawai idan aka dasa shuki da lokacin fari. A nan gaba, ceri daidai yake da isasshen ruwan sama.
Bambancin cherries Turgenevskaya
Ana samo cherry na Turgenevskaya kan tushen zhukovskaya cherries. Itace kuma tayi ƙasa, ba fiye da mita uku ba, rawanin yana cikin sifan dala. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun fara a farkon Yuli, tare da bazara mai zafi tare da isasshen ruwan sama a cikin cherries m, sourness kusan ba ya nan.
Ba kamar nau'ikan biyu da suka gabata ba, Turgenevka tana da karancin haihuwa, sabili da haka, tana buƙatar nau'in pollinating. A wannan yanayin, Lyubskaya Cherry zai zama maƙwabta mafi kyau.
Amma gaba ɗaya, Turgenevka shine mafi kyawun ceri iri don yanki na Moscow. Yana da kyau sosai a ƙananan yanayin zafi, yana da tsayayyen jure cutar. Hakanan, nau'ikan yana halin babban yawan aiki, manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna hawa sosai.
Lokacin da kake kula da irin wannan ceri, kuna buƙatar kula da waɗannan abubuwan:
- Lokacin saukarwa, guji ƙananan tuddai.
- A datsa bishiyar a shekara, a kula da ƙananan rassa, don tsage kambi.
- A lokacin ripening tsawon berries da wani sashe ƙarin watering.
- Don kare itacen daga kwari, ya fi kyau rufe shi a cikin hunturu.
Lokacin zabar ƙwallan Turgenevka don namowa a Yankin Moscow, yana da daraja la'akari da cewa ceri ya fara ba da 'ya'ya kawai shekaru 5 bayan dasa, kuma furannin fure suna tsoron bazara ta bazara.
Matasa masu daraja
Matasa ceri - wani tsiro mai narkewa lokacin da ake haye da nau'ikan biyu - Lubsky da Vladimir. Cherry wannan nau'ikan iri-iri na iya girma biyun itace da daji. Itacen ya girma zuwa matsakaicin m 2.5, ana girbe amfanin gona a ƙarshen Yuli.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna cike da launin shuɗi, suna da nama mai laushi da dandano mai daɗi da m. Mafi sau da yawa, cherries na Matasa iri suna cinye sabo, kuma yana da kyau don kiyayewa.
Cherry tana ɗaukar 'ya'yan itace a shekara kuma mai yalwa, tana haƙuri da sanyi lokacin sanyi. Amma, kamar Turgenevka, fure fure basa tsayayya da sanyi a lokacin bazara. Bugu da kari, tare da wani lokacin rani mai laushi, wanda ke hade da babban zazzabi, yawanci suna shafar cututtukan fungal.
Don girma cherries na wannan iri-iri, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da aka kunna, yana da kyau idan yana kan tudu. Matasa suna ƙaunar ƙasa tsaka-tsaki da yashi matsakaici da kuma matsakaicin shayarwa, kuma suna buƙatar pruning don samar da rawanin da cire rassan bushe. Matasa matasa na hunturu suna buƙatar ƙarin tsari.
Jerin nau'ikan cherries na rayuwa daidai cikin yanayin damina na yankin Moscow. Zasu iya fruitaukar 'ya'ya da yawa tare da kulawa da kyau da kuma ƙirƙirar mahimman yanayi don ci gaba.
