Ba za a iya amfani da ixora ba, duk da matsayin ɗayan tsirrai masu ban sha'awa tare da palette na fure mai ban tsoro, ya kasance al'ada ba tartsatsi ba. Abinda ke cikin suna shine mai rikitarwa game da wannan kyakkyawa, wanda mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar hankali mai ban mamaki wanda har ma yin motsi daga shago zuwa gida zai iya haifar da kusan faɗuwar fure da furanni. Amma a zahiri, Ixora ba ta da ƙarfin hali kuma, duk da ƙin son ta canza wuraren, tana iya zama ainihin tauraruwar tarin ɗakin. Gwanin da yake da kyau na wannan kyakkyawan yana da alama an ƙirƙira shi don ya kasance abin goyan baya ga yawan ƙimar inflorescences, kyakkyawa wanda zai biya cikakken farashi mai mahimmanci da kuma buƙatar kulawa da zaɓi na yanayin girma. Haka kuma, ixora, duk da yawan furannin sa, yana bukatar kawai lokacin sanyi ne.
Ixora mai haske ja (Ixora cocc Guinea). Z Farzana RahmanAcrylic inflorescences laima tare da kusan cikakkiyar ganyen ixora
Kyakkyawan dangi na bishiyoyin kofi, Ixora ana kiransa "fure mai wuta," "harshen wuta a cikin gandun daji," ko "wutar daji." Kuma duk waɗannan sunaye suna ba da cikakken haske ga haske mai cike da haske, ƙyalli mai launi ta launi na inflorescences. Amma shuka ta sami sunan ba kwata-kwata don palette mai cin wuta, amma don girmamawa ga allahntakar Hindu. A al'adance Ixora an hade shi cikin jerin mafi kyawun tsire-tsire masu fure a cikin ɗakunan karatun. Matsayinta na "al'adu ba kowa bane" yana haifar da raunin rarraba a cikin shagunan fure, hade da farko tare da matsaloli a cikin sufuri. Ganyayyaki da tumatir na tsirrai suna da alaƙa da bishiran Citrus (alal misali, baƙi na fure-fure na iya zama mai sauƙin rikitarwa tare da lemons ko tangerines), kodayake launin koren su yana da ɗan haske kuma ya cika da ƙarfi. Amma Xor baya cikin danginsu kwata-kwata, amma ga Marenovs kuma dangi ne na wani kyakkyawa tare da ganye mai launin fata - lambu. "Wuta dazuzzuka" ta zo cikin tsakiyarmu daga saurukan kurmin Asiya.
Ixora (Ixora) - tsirrai na dazuzzuka, tsayin daka, wanda a cikin yanayi, ya iyakance zuwa 1.5-2 m, a cikin al'adar daki har ma ya bambanta daga 30 cm zuwa 1 m, gwargwadon lokacin girkin. Brownish, mai haske mai haske harbe kusan kusan ganuwa a gaban taro na ganye mai haske. M, tare da ƙarewar ƙare, mai laushi da fata, ana iya bambanta ganyen ixora ta ƙasa mai haskakawa da kuma sanannen jijiya. Tsayin tsayi, za su iya kai cm 12. Theaunin launin shuɗin ixor mai cike da shuɗi, mai haske kore. Inflorescences suna apical, blooming a ƙarshen rassan. All ixors suna halin m, layin-dimbin yawa laima inflorescences, kunshi m-dace da sauki furanni tare da hudu sepals. Babban fasalin furannin Ixora ba kawai tsarin daidaitaccen tsari ne na adadin adon ƙasa ba, har ma yana da haske, acrylic, launuka masu tsabta na launuka, suttura a duk faɗin fure. Red, Orange, ruwan hoda, rawaya ko fari inflorescences-iyakoki tare da matte launi fito da kyau sosai a kan bango na kore ganye, bambanta tare da mai sheki da kuma bayar da sha'awar da cikakken launuka. Lokacin fure na ixora a cikin yanayin ɗaki tare da kyakkyawan kulawa da matsakaicin matsakaici na iya shimfiɗa daga bazara a zahiri har zuwa kaka.
Nau'in Ixora
Kimanin nau'ikan tsire-tsire 500 sun haɗu a cikin halittar Ixor. A cikin al'adun daki, akasarin nau'ikan iri da nau'ikan nau'ikan musamman don bama tukunya ana amfani dasu, wanda, sabanin tsire-tsire iri daban-daban, sun sami damar jure yanayi a cikin wuraren da aka rufe kuma sun fi yawa kuma yalwatacce. Daga tsire-tsire iri, kawai 2 xora ke samo:
- Jazzese Ixora (Ixora javanica);
- Ixora mai haske ja (Ixora cocc Guinea).
A kusan dukkan halaye, suna da kama kuma sun bambanta kawai da launi na inflorescences da sifar kabarin. Ixora yana da launin ja mai haske, duk da sunan, haske ruwan hoda ko ruwan lemo-lemo, filayen furanni tare da maren zagaye. Amma Ixora javanese itace mai fure mai fure mai haske tare da nuna nunanan ciyawar.
Jazzese Ixora (Ixora javanica). Hin Rohini LakshaneKula da Ixora a gida
Wataƙila matsayin matsayin al'adun ixor ba mai haɗari ba ne, amma ba za ku iya kira shi da ƙyar ba. Ixora da gaske yana girma sosai a cikin kayan wasannin furanni da kuma ɗakunan ajiya. Amma bukatun bukatun zafi na 60% kuma kawai rage ƙarancin yanayin zafi don hunturu ya ba shi damar yayi girma a cikin ɗaki. Tabbas, kulawa mai rikitarwa ya fi dacewa da ƙwararrun lambu. Amma keɓaɓɓen bayyanar ta zamani na wannan yanayin kamar an ƙirƙira ta don yin ado a ciki.
Haske na Ixora
A cikin yanayin, wannan shuka ya saba da mafi tsananin zafi, "kudu". Ixora tana da cikakken ikon sarrafa hoto a cikin tsari na daki, amma a lokaci guda tsirrai ya zama mafi kulawa ga hasken rana kai tsaye. Dole ne a kiyaye Xor a hankali daga tasirin ƙarshen, amma a cikin zaɓar wurare, ya kamata har yanzu ku bi dabarun gano wurare tare da mafi kyawun haske. A cikin inuwa m, har ma fiye da haka a cikin inuwa, ixor ba za a iya girma ba, kuma zance ba wai kawai cewa ba zaiyi aiki ba don tilasta shi zuwa fure. Orarancin haske koyaushe shine dalilai a cikin yaduwar cututtuka da kwari a kan wannan shuka, haifar da asarar ganye (farawa daga gindin harbe).
Don kula da yanayin kwanciyar hankali na yau da kullun, kuna buƙatar daidaita yanayin hasken wuta a cikin hunturu. A bu mai kyau a sake shirya Iksor zuwa matattara mai kyau a cikin gidan. Ba tare da gyaran haske ba, sutturar sa zata kasance mafi ƙyalli.
Binciken wuri don Ixora, zaku iya dakatar da duka akan gabas da yamma, da kuma windows windowsill tare da shigarwa daidai na shimfidar fuska. Wannan tsire-tsire yana son girma a cikin greenhouse tare da ƙarin, tushen wutar lantarki na wucin gadi, ana iya samun ci gaba kaɗan a cikin hasken wuta, amma har yanzu yana da kyau kuma yana samar da ƙarin ganyayyaki masu ban sha'awa yayin samar da hasken haske na halitta.
Tare da walƙiya, ko kuma tare da kwanciyar hankali, ɗayan mawuyacin lokaci na haɓaka ixora an haɗa: tsire-tsire ba sa son kowane juyawa, ba kamar ɗauka daga wuri zuwa wuri da motsawa zuwa wasu ɗakuna. Abin da ya sa yawancin cibiyoyin furanni da kamfanoni sun ƙi girma ixor: yayin da aka ba da tsire-tsire zuwa shagon, yana iya zubar da duk fure da furanni. Amma Ixora ba zai lalace ba kuma ba zai rasa ikon yin fure ba a nan gaba, don haka bai kamata ku ji tsoron hakan ba lokacin siye: asarar lokaci ɗaya zai biya tare da kyakkyawar kyakkyawar nishaɗi a nan gaba, kuma irin wannan raguwar ba koyaushe yake faruwa ba, kuma shahararrun shagunan fure sun san dabaru daban-daban waɗanda ke ba da damar Xora ba lura da motsawa. Amma halayyar mummunan hali don canza yanayin dole ne a la'akari da shi a rayuwar yau da kullun. Furannin furannin wannan fure sun faɗi cikin sauƙi, koda kuwa tukunyar tana motsa 'yan santimita kawai. Ixora tana riƙe da wannan hotunan kawai daga farkon lokacin buɗewar budad har zuwa ƙarshen fure. Sabili da haka, ya fi kyau a bar shi shi kadai a duk lokacin aiki, ba don canja wuri ko juyawa ba.
Zazzabi mai nutsuwa
Matsayi na al'adun furanni baya hana ixor ci gaba da kasancewa tsirrai mara ma'ana ga yanayin zafi. Wannan ciyawar thermophilic ce, wanda ba kamar sauran tsire-tsire masu zafi ba, na iya yin fure tsawon watanni, ba kwatankwacin yanayin sanyi ba, balle lokacin sanyi. Matsakaicin yanayin hunturu na ɗakunan zama ya dace sosai ga ixora a cikin tsarin alamomin da aka hana (a cikin hunturu ya fi kyau a kiyaye wannan shuka a cikin zazzabi tsakanin 16 zuwa 18, yayin da yawan zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin kada ya faɗi ƙasa da digiri 14).
Amma game da abun ciki a cikin lokacin dumi, ana iya zazzage zafin jiki na ixora ta hanyar nuna alama na digiri 18. Tsire-tsire suna haɓaka mafi kyau a cikin kewayon zazzabi daga 20 zuwa 25 digiri Celsius, kuma yayin da yake tsayayyar zazzabi, daɗin fitar da Ixora.
Yin la'akari da ixor sissy zai zama babban kuskure. Ba ta son masu zane-zane masu sanyi da sanyi (suna buƙatar kare su daga tsire-tsire a cikin hunturu ta kowace hanya), amma ba ta jin tsoron iska mai ɗumi, tana son ba da iska har ma tana buƙatar samun isasshen iska. A lokacin rani, ana iya sanya shi a cikin ɗakunan da ke da iska a koyaushe tare da bude windows ko a fitar da shi a kan baranda da tirenti, a sanya shi cikin wurare masu kariya tare da rarraba wutar lantarki ko a cikin inuwa mai jujjuya, amma a kan yanayin cewa babu wasu fure a kan shuka tukuna (ana iya dawo da shi kawai bayan fure).
Ixora mai rawaya ne. ChhajedgardenWatering da zafi
Kamar yawancin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu zafi, Ixora shine al'adun ƙaunar danshi kuma yana buƙatar yawan shayarwa. Gaskiya ne, za ta buƙaci matakai akai-akai ta amfani da ɗimbin ruwa na musamman a duk lokacin girma. Dole ne a aiwatar da tsarin ban ruwa na gaba bayan da saman ƙasa na ƙasa a cikin tukwane ya bushe, yana hana shi bushewa a ƙalla kusan a cikin matsakaici na baya. Ga Xora, yana da mahimmanci don kula da daskararren ƙasan ƙasa. A cikin hunturu, shuka yana ratsa wani yanayi mai cike da matsala, yana shirya don fure, kuma yawan ruwa yana iya rushewa ba kawai aiwatar da kwancen fure ba, har ma yana haifar da matsaloli tare da lalacewar rhizome. A cikin hunturu, an canza ixor zuwa yanayin matsin matsakaici, ƙasa a cikin tukwane an yarda ya bushe ba kawai daga sama ba, har ma a tsakiyar Layer, yana riƙe da danshi mai sauƙi tare da saukin yanayi da hanyoyin hanawa. Matsayin ban ruwa na al'ada don iklas: kamar sau 3 a mako a lokacin bazara da kuma 1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 6-8 a cikin hunturu.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a yi amfani da ruwa mai inganci domin ban ruwa, a adana shi aƙalla kwanaki 3. Zai fi kyau zaɓi ruwan ixora tare da halayen m. Ya kamata a biya kulawa ta musamman zuwa zafin jiki na ruwa, wanda bai kamata ya bambanta da yawan zafin jiki na cikin ɗakin ba.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata don zafi-matsakaici suna ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da yasa ake ganin wannan tsiro. Kuma yana godiya a gare shi cewa galibi suna bada shawara don haɓaka ixor a cikin lambunan hunturu. Amma yana yiwuwa a gamsar da duk bukatun shuka a cikin yanayin ɗakin, kamar yadda wannan al'ada ta gamsu da alamun zafi na 60-65%. Don yin wannan, ya isa ya tabbatar da fesawa akai-akai kamar yadda zai yiwu don ƙara yawan zafi. A cikin lokacin ci gaba mai aiki, ana iya fesa Ixora kowace rana. Amma a cikin hunturu, ana fitar da spraying ne kawai don rama aikin aikin dumama, rage matsakaicin matsakaicin iska idan aka kwatanta da lokacin rani. Ixora baya yarda da tara tarin ruwa a jikin ganye da inflorescences. Don tsire-tsire suna amfani da fesa mai kyau. Kuna iya haɓaka zafi a cikin wasu hanyoyi:
- shigar da humidifier;
- sanya tsire-tsire a kan akwatunan ruwa tare da ruwa ko gansakken rigar, yumɓu mai yalwa, ƙwaƙwalwa, ƙasa mai ado (don kada kasan ruwan tanki ya taɓa).
Takin ciyawa na Ixora
Takaitaccen takin don ixora an gabatar dashi ne kawai a lokacin da ake cigaba da aiki. Manyan riguna suna farawa a watan Maris kuma sun karu ne a watan Agusta. A wannan lokacin, ana buƙatar ciyar da Ixor sau da yawa isa, tare da mita na 1 a mako ɗaya ko lokaci 1 a cikin kwanaki 10. Don wannan shuka, cakuda takin gargajiya na musamman don tsire-tsire na cikin gida ya fi dacewa. A cikin hunturu, takin zamani na ixora an hana amfani dashi .. An dakatar da takin ƙasa, koda kuwa tsire-tsire suna ci gaba da girma a cikin kaka, ba tare da takin ba tun daga watan Satumba ta kowane yanayi.
Oxora Orange. Ce fureKirkirar Ixora
Wani muhimmin yanayin don ado na ixor da adana ikon yin fure, tsayayyen girma da kyawun kambi shine yake yankan lokaci. Amma sabanin sauran albarkatu na fure, ixora yana buƙatar ɗanyar da ba ta haifar da fure, amma mai ƙarfi. An yanke wannan amfanin gona kamar yadda ake buƙata. Idan ixor ya kasance karami ne kuma kyakkyawa ne, to zaku iya tsallake cropping. Amma yawanci wannan shrub tasowa na rayayye kuma ba tare da iko, da kambi ta compactness ba kawai rasa: daji juya zuwa cikin manyan giant, rasa ta saba bayyanar da ba mamaki mamaki da danda rassan. Sabili da haka, bayan an gama fure, Ixora yana buƙatar ayi nazari kuma dole ne a yanke gajerun harbe. A iksor pruning ne da za'ayi rabin su tsawon. Don wannan shuka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi lokacin da ya dace don yin shuki. Wajibi ne a aiwatar dashi daidai bayan fure, kuma ba bisa ga al'ada ba a lokacin bazara, kafin dasawa, in ba haka ba Ixora dinku bazai yi fure ko kadan ba amma a kan rassan da ba a girbe su ba.
Wani muhimmin mahimmanci a cikin namora na ixora shine dakatar da elongation na rassan da kuma tayar da ƙwayar ƙarfi, wanda zai ƙara yawan inflorescences saboda ƙima mai sauƙi - pinching fi na harbe. Yawancin lokaci thickening yana da kyau kawai ga daji.
Dasawa da canza ruwa
Kamar yawancin ɗakunan gidan gida, ixors suna buƙatar ingantaccen tsarin kula da transplants. Matasa, masu haɓaka samfuran haɓaka na yau da kullun ana iya dasa su a cikin shekara, amma tsofaffi suna buƙatar juyawa ne kawai a cikin shekaru 2-3. Wadannan tsire-tsire ana iya dasa shi waje ɗaya a farkon bazara, lokacin lokacin da sababbin ganye da harbe suka fara girma. Kafin dasawa, ana amfani da shayar da ruwa yawanci a ruwa a cikin ixor.
Dole ne a zaɓi canji don ixora daga cikin gaurayar ƙasa mai narkewa da abinci mai gina jiki. Don wannan tsire-tsire, substrate na duniya, yankuna na musamman don lambunas ko haɗin ƙasa da aka yi da kansu sun dace (a daidai sassan ganye, humus, sod, ƙasa peat tare da yashi ana cakuda). Wasu daga cikin lambu suna ba da shawarar peat, yashi da ƙasa mai faɗi a cikin sassa guda. Aramarfin musamman mai mahimmanci ga ixora shine yanayin amsawar ƙasa. Wannan tropicana mai ban mamaki yana son ƙasa mai acidic, yana jin dadi har ma a cikin ƙasa tsaka tsaki, ba a ma maganar alkaline. Valuesimar pH mafi kyawu daga 4.5 zuwa 3.5. Don hana chlorosis lokacin amfani da tsayawa, amma da farko ruwa mai wuya, yana da ƙari a bada shawarar yin ciyawa a cikin abin da yake da tsabta peat.
Hanyar juyawa itace al'ada. Iyakar abin da ke damun shine kwanciya matattarar ruwa mai tsafta, ƙaramar tsayin wadda ya kamata ya zama 6-7 cm. Lokacin da kewaya cikin rhizome na ixora, yana da kyau a kula da dunƙule ƙasa, cire ƙasa kawai da babba, gurɓataccen gurbataccen Layer. Nan da nan bayan dasawa, ya zama dole don samar da shuka mai yawan shayarwa, kuma a cikin makonni 2 - humidification na iska.
Don wannan amfanin gona na fure, kuna buƙatar zaɓar kwantena masu dacewa. Duk da karfin harbe-harben da ganyayyaki masu kyan gani, ixors suna da tsarin tushen tushe sosai, kuma a cikin manyan tukwane suna jin daɗi. An zaɓi ƙananan tankuna don wannan al'ada, kawai 'yan santimita kaɗan waɗanda suka fi girma fiye da waɗanda suka gabata, kuma suka girma a ƙarƙashin yanayin rashin ƙasa mai kyau maimakon wuce haddi. Bayan kai girman 40 - 45 cm, ixora baya sake dasawa, amma ana maye gurbin babban ganyen a shekara (har sai an shuka tsiro).
IxoraCututtukan Ixora da kwari
Abubuwa marasa kyau na ixora sun haɗa da mummunan juriya ga cututtuka da kwari. Wannan shuka ana kawai ado da sikelin kwari, m gizo-gizo da aphids, wanda ƙananan asara a cikin kulawa sun isa su mamaye duk daji.Daga cikin cututtukan Ixora, chlorosis shine mafi yawan lokuta ana haɗuwa da shi, wanda ke da alaƙa da rashi na baƙin ƙarfe da kuma shayarwa tare da ruwa mai tsauri ko sanyi.
Matsalolin girma na yau da kullun:
- ganye mai karkatarwa a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye;
- karkatarwa ko asarar turgor ganye tare da isasshen ƙasa danshi;
- launin farar fata lokacin yin ruwa tare da ruwan sanyi sosai;
- rashin fure ko tsintsiya da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki;
- bayyanar rawaya stains a cikin ganyayyaki tare da isasshen ƙasa acidity;
- bushewa, ganyayyaki a lokacin fari;
- fadowa daga buds yayin motsawa tukunya ko kuma mara zafi.
- asarar ƙananan ganyayyaki a cikin hunturu sakamakon ayyukan halitta.
Ixora kiwo
Babban farashi don ixor, musamman, ana yin bayani ne ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa tsire-tsire yana da wahalar yaduwa. Ba koyaushe zai yiwu a sami kwafin nasu ba, kuma tsire-tsire masu tushe sukan ɓace, kuma tsarin haifuwa yana buƙatar takamaiman yanayi da haƙuri.
Hanyar da aka yarda kawai don yanayin gida ana ɗaukar su cut ne. A cikin ixora, an yanke cutukan apical da tushe game da 10 cm tsayi, tabbatar da cewa cut ɗin yana da tsabta kuma an yi shi a wani kusurwa na digiri 45. Yanke za a iya yanka kawai a lokacin bazara daga harbe masu karfi, koyaushe kafin bayyanar buds. An ƙara adadin yashi a ƙasa wanda ya dace da ixora. Don tushen ganyen, dole ne a bi da su tare da haɓaka mai haɓakawa kuma sanya shi a cikin kayan abinci mai dumi, mai zurfi ta 1.5-2 cm tsaye tsaye. Dole ne a sanya yankan nan da nan a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin kuma a kiyaye su babban zafi da tsayayyen zafin jiki na digiri 25 Celsius. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, tare da samun iska, iska mai zafi daga 85%, tushen tushe har tsawon wata guda.
Ixora ruwan hoda. © Tushen cakudaKuna iya ƙoƙarin haɓaka ixora daga tsaba, amma samun su yana da wahala. Shuka da tsaba a cikin wani haske yashi-substrate cakuda, kawai dan kadan yafa a saman sifilin ƙasa. Ƙasƙantar da amfanin gona kawai bayan an shuka iri a ƙasa ta hanyar fesawa. Ana kiyaye kwantena a ƙarƙashin fim ɗin a cikin wani wuri mai dumi tare da zazzabi na 25. Tsaba, yayin da ake samun wadataccen isnadin kuma ingantaccen tumatir a cikin makonni 3.
