Girma da kula da hibiscus na gona

Hibiscus, har yanzu da aka sani a nan da sunan wani fure na kasar Sin, ya daɗe ya canza matsayin wata ɗarikar gida ta zina zuwa taken ɗayan mafi yawan furanni na fure don kayan lambu. Yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta na Hibiscus a yau suna kan sayarwa kusan kamar yadda yalwatace iri iri na wardi. A lokaci guda, jinsin hibiscus suna maye gurbinsu da waɗansun da suka sami damar yin hunturu a cikin ƙasa buɗe har ma a tsakiyar layi. Girma hibiscus na lambu ba mai sauƙi ba ne, amma duk ƙoƙarin da za a kula da shi, da zaɓar wurin da ya dace, mafaka za ta biya tare da banbamcin kallo na babbar gramophone - furanni akan kambin lush.

Hibiscus na kasar Sin, ko Sinawa sun tashi. © floradania

Bishiyar sanyi-ba mai yawan hibiscus ba

Hibiscus a tsakiyar band yana girma kamar:

• perennial don buɗe ƙasa tare da tsari;
• tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara;
• perennial a cikin siffar baho ko tare da tono don hunturu, wanda tare da zuwan yanayin sanyi an tsabtace shi a cikin ɗakuna masu haske.

A cikin ayyukan biyu na karshe, zaku iya girma kuma hibiscus chinese, ko Kasar Sin ta tashi (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), da hibiscus syrian (Hibiscus syriacus), damarsh hibiscus (Hibiscus sauro), da ciyawa hibiscus sau uku, hibiscus northhen (Hibiscus trionum).

A cikin bude ƙasa, jinsuna biyu kawai na hunturu ba tare da matsaloli ba - hibiscus matasan kuma wasu iri hibiscus syrian, wanda galibi ana kiransa lambun hibiscus. Haka kuma, Siriyancin hibiscus ba koyaushe suke kamar bishiyoyi ba, yayin da suke hade kuma suke da perennials. Bambanci tsakanin su a yau yana taɓarɓarewa, tunda nau'in Siriya mai tsananin sanyi-hunturu kuma ana iya samarwa da kuma zaɓi. Sabili da haka, yana da halatta a faɗi cewa kawai hybrids na iya yin hunturu a cikin yanki na tsakiya a cikin ƙasa, amma asalin da takamaiman sunan jinsin ba mahimmanci kamar yadda tsarin girma yake a cikin bishiyoyi ko ciyawa. Lokacin sayen, zai fi kyau a hankali kan yanayin girma. Mai ƙarfi tushen tubers na matasan hibiscus ana kiyaye su a ƙarƙashin ƙarancin tsari ko da a cikin tsananin sanyi, sassan ƙasa - kawai a cikin woody da shrubby siffofin lokacin da tsari.

Tri-hibiscus galibi ana danganta shi da nau'in sanyi mai iya sanyi, amma ana iya dasa shi ne kawai idan an sayi tsire-tsire manya waɗanda aka riga aka saba da yankin ku.

Me kuke nema lokacin siyan hibiscus don lambun?

Domin kada a kuskure tare da zaɓin hibiscus, tabbatar da kimantawa game da wuraren kula da wuraren shakatawa na gida da cibiyoyin lambun, tuntuɓi gogaggen lambu, kuma kada ku sayi tsire-tsire daga kundin littattafai (musamman ma na kasashen waje): don ikon hibiscus don tsira daga hunturu, acclimatization da kuma daidaitawa na tsire-tsire na uwa yana da mahimmanci. Kawai kasancewar dangin halittu ba zai bada tabbacin komai ba. Saboda haka, zaɓi amintaccen, tare da masu siye masu kyau. Tun da nau'ikan wannan shuka, wanda ya dace da girma a yankinku, yawanci yana rufe duka palette, ya isa ya zaɓi launi da ya dace kuma ya sami 'yanci don samun sabon soloist don kayan haɗin lambu. Lokacin sayen, saka nau'in girma, yanayin da ya saba shuka.

Hibiscus don girma a cikin ƙasa yana da kyau an saya tare da tsarin tushen buɗe, kuma ba cikin kwantena ba. Tushen dole ne ya kasance da ƙarfi sosai kuma ingantacce, lokacin farin ciki da ƙarfi. A lokaci guda, tabbatar cewa tsire-tsire sun kai shekaru 2-3 ko suka girmi: mazan da hibiscus, mafi ƙarancin sanyi da zai nuna.

Hibiscus na kasar Sin, ko fure na kasar Sin (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis). Andrew Butko

Zabi wani wuri mai dadi don lambun hibiscus

Yanayin girma yana kama da duk hibiscus. Wannan shine kawai tsire-tsire wanda ke da irin buƙatun don haske da ƙasa don girma a cikin ƙasa, kuma don tub da tukunyar hibiscus.

Hibiscus yana cikin mafi yawan tsire-tsire masu ƙaunar rana. Kuma a cikin yankuna masu tsananin zafin ruwan sanyi, ingantacciyar haske a garesu abune mai mahimmanci. Don hibiscus, wurare masu zafi da na maximally sun dace, ana kiyaye su daga iska da magudanun, waɗanda ke da haɗari musamman ga tsire-tsire a farkon bazara. Orchard hibiscus a duk tsawon lokacin furanni baya jure yanayin magana daga wuri zuwa wuri kuma baya son juyawa.

Amma ƙasa tana da sauƙin ɗauka. Hibiscus yana haɓaka da kyau a cikin wata ƙasa mai ciyawa, ingantacciyar ƙasa mai inganci, idan kawai haɗarin tururuwar danshi ya kasance kaɗan. Inedasa ƙasa tare da kyakkyawan matakin ƙwayoyin halittar jiki, haɓakawa kafin dasa shuki da abinci mai gina jiki, abubuwan haɗin duniya don tubing - wannan shine kawai suke buƙata.

Sirrin hibiscus na Siriya (Hibiscus syriacus). © Dandin daji Hibiscus ternary, hibiscus na arewa (Hibiscus trionum). Mejxu Tabarbarewa Hibiscus (hibiscus moscheutos). . Susan

Dasa gonar hibiscus

Mafi kyawun dabarun bunkasa wannan shuka shine shuka hibiscus a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara. Don haka tsire-tsire matasa suna da lokaci don daidaitawa da cikakken hunturu tare da tsari mai sauƙi, baya buƙatar kulawa da yawa. Abin da ya sa ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa an gabatar da seedlings na hibiscus a cikin mafi girma a cikin cibiyoyin lambun da kuma kan kasuwa a cikin bazara, tare da bishiyoyi. Irin waɗannan hibiscus za a iya rufe su a cikin hanya ɗaya kamar tsire-tsire na manya - a cikin kaka, spud tare da bushe ganye da rassan spruce.

Amma idan kun sayi hibiscus a cikin fall, kada ku fid da zuciya. Amintaccen tsari zai taimaka wa matasa bushes tsira da yanayin tsakiyar hanya. Kawai mulch kasar gona tare da lokacin farin ciki Layer na ciyawa, rufe su da ganye da ƙulla su da burlap da spruce cikin 3 yadudduka ko shirya iska-bushe tsari a kan ka'idodin tsari wardi, wisteria ko Clematis - kuma hibiscus zai samu nasarar tsira farkon hunturu.

An dasa hibiscus na lambu a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin manyan ramuka na dasa shuki, a ƙarshen abin da ya fi kyau a shimfiɗa aƙalla na magudana. Soilasar da aka cire yana inganta tare da yanki na abincin kashi ko superphosphate, takin, kuma humus an sanya shi a ƙasan ramin. An dasa shi a cikin Hibiscus yayin da yake kula da matakin shigar shi da ya saba.

Kwayar hibiscus ana watsa ta kowace bazara, kafin a fara aiki mai girma. Yawancin hibiscus suna buƙatar tankuna masu girma sosai tare da ƙarar 30 lita ko fiye.

Hibiscus Siriya iri-iri 'Blue Satin'. Nt Itace Itace

Kulawar Harkar Hibiscus

Hibiscus yana son yanayin kwanciyar hankali, amma kuma yana jure fari. Gaskiya ne, ƙarshen ya shafi fure. Ba su yi barazanar shuka da kanta ba, amma lallai ne sun bayyana a cikin faduwa na ɓangaren buds. Don samun nasarar ci gabanta, kuna buƙatar samar da tallafin hibiscus. An yi sa'a, yana da sauƙin fahimta lokacin da ake buƙatar shayar da shuka. Hibiscus da kanta tayi alamar rashin danshi ta hanyar barin ganyayyaki. Amma yana da kyau kada su jira wilting, kuma a farkon alamar fari, kawai ruwa da bushes su a cikin hanyar kamar yadda mafi capricious perennials. Ban ruwa hoses bukatar na tsari, m, kula da haske danshi, yau da kullum - a lokacin rani. Duk wani hibiscus ba zai ki fitar dashi ba.

Hibiscus yana son mulching, wanda ke taimakawa riƙe da danshi da kuma taka rawar kariya daga matsanancin zafi. Mafi kyawun kayan sune ciyawa da peat tare da humus.

Hibiscus yana da hankali ga riguna na sama da abin da suke so. Shuka ba ta yarda da karancin nitrogen da baƙin ƙarfe ba, amma ɗayan ƙarshen zai iya zama abu mai haɗari gareshi. Zai fi kyau don hibiscus don amfani da gaurayawan takaddun takamaiman da takin mai magani na tsire-tsire na fure mai fure wanda ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin phosphorus mai yawa. Don hibiscus a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, ana yin sutturar gashi na sama 2-3 - a farkon bazara kuma a mataki na budadawa (zaku iya ƙara wani makonni 2-3 bayan farkon fure). Akwai wani zaɓi - ana canza sutura ta biyu da ta uku don ban ruwa na wata-wata ko fiye da takin zamani tare da takin zamani na tsire-tsire daɗaɗɗa, amma wannan zaɓi ne mai haɗari. Ana ciyar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a kowane mako biyu ta amfani da takin mai magani don tsire-tsire na fure ko gauraya tare da abun ciki na phosphorus.

Kowane shekaru 2-3 yana da kyau ga shuka don aiwatar da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi na kambi, yayin da yakamata ya zama shekara-shekara. Garden hibiscus blooms a kan harbe na yanzu shekara kuma don yawan fure, yaduwar girma yana buƙatar ƙarfafawa. Haka kuma, inji ya yi haƙuri da pruning ba tare da raunin da ya faru. Suna gudanar da aiwatar da aƙalla a taƙaice ƙarancin harbe-harben harbe-harben kafin farkon ci gaban aiki, a farkon lokacin bazara (bayan cire tsari). Kuma tubal hibiscus mai zafi-ƙauna, duka Siriya da matasan, ba sa tsoron sarewar da aka yi da shi kuma ana iya girma cikin tsari, an fitar da shi a kan bole. Harshen harabarcus ana gyara su kamar haka sau ɗaya a shekara, amma idan ana so, ana iya kafa su sau da yawa. Mafi kyawun lokacin aski shine farkon lokacin bazara ko kaka.

Rawaya hibiscus a kan kara. Johnna Roose

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine lokacin hunturu

Tsarin dabarun hunturu na lambun hibiscus ya dogara da tasirin hunturu:

1. Tsarin Siriya na Siriya da daji Siriya hibiscus ba sa buƙatar tsari mai ƙarfi, tare da shekaru ana iya rufe su da ƙwallan ƙura ko kaɗan.
2. Malozimostoyky tsohuwar Siriya hibiscus da nau'ikan capricious ba a yankin ku ba a gonar na iya hunturu ne kawai a lokacin tsufa sosai kuma tare da ƙaƙƙarfan tsari, amma ya fi girma girma a matsayin tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara ko ɗaukar su a cikin gida don hunturu.
3. Yi daidai, kuma idan ba ku tabbatar da juriya game da sanyi da asalin shuka ba (ko kuma sun sami kyawawan launuka sosai, amma da farko yanayin iri iri). Zai fi kyau yin hawan hibiscus tare da babban dunƙule ƙasa, matsar da shi cikin akwati kuma adana shi a cikin sanyi, amma ba daskarewa da ɗakin haske.
4. Ana ɗaukar hoto da hibiscus na cikin gida tare da ɗan taƙaitaccen lokacin daidaitawa da zaran akwai barazanar sanyi na dusar sanyi. Sun fi dacewa a cikin lokacin sanyi kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida ko sanya su a cikin dakin da ba a yin sanyi-da damar samun haske.

Shiryawar hibiscus na herbaceous ya bambanta da shirye-shiryen bushy da tsire-tsire kamar bishiyoyi: an yanke su zuwa tsayin da ya kai kimanin cm cm sama da matakin ƙasa kuma an yayyafa shi da ɗanɗano zuwa duka tsayi ko mulched tare da bushe, ƙasa mai haske. Wannan zai ishe lokacin hunturu.

Distinwararren fasalin itace da kuma hibiscus daji shine ikon zama frost frost ara-arama mai tsayayya da shekaru. Tare da kulawa mai kyau da haɓaka kai tsaye, hibiscus zai zama gaba daya hunturu Hardy bayan fewan shekaru, kuma tsohuwar bushes ba zata wahala daga tsananin sanyi ba. Amma adana tsirrai zuwa ga balagagge abu ne mai sarkakiya kuma mai matukar bukatar aiki na tsanaki. Hibiscus yana da hankali musamman a farkon shekarar bayan dasa shuki, amma ba shi da mahimmanci a ɗaukar haɗari kuma a bar su ba tare da matsuguni ba har sai shekaru 4-5 sun dawo.

A bayanin kula. Hibiscuses, musamman ma na matasan, suna fito da ganyayyaki masu ganye kuma suna nuna alamun girma sosai latti, yawancin lokuta kawai a watan Mayu, wani lokacin kuma suna jira lokacin bazara. Rashin ganye bai kamata a ɗauka azaman alamar cewa shuka ba ta tsira a cikin hunturu: kada ku damu har sai Yuni kuma kawai sai ku yanke shawara. Haka kuma, ƙaramin da shuka, daga baya shi tana farkawa.

Sirrin hibiscus na Siriya (Hibiscus syriacus). © 99roots

A tsakiyar yankin, hibiscus don hunturu ya kamata a rufe aƙalla kaɗan - spud tare da bushe ganye don adana ƙananan ƙananan sassan harbe. Matasa hibiscus, kazalika da duk bushes wanda kuke so ku hana daskarewa da aboveground harbe, kunsa shi a hankali domin hunturu:

1. Cutar da kasar gona a kusa da shuka tare da kayan shuka, kuma ya ba da tushe mai bushe tare da ganyayyaki har ya yiwu.
2. Kunsa hibiscus tare da rassan spruce, a ɗaure shi da igiya (kuma zai fi dacewa da ƙarfafa tare da burlap), ƙirƙirar yadudduka da yawa na tsari. Kada ku yi amfani da kayan da ba a saka ba: za su ƙara haɗarin tsufa, saboda haka ya fi kyau a fi son sassauƙa mai sauƙi.

Mafi yawa daga cikin manya sanyi-resistant hibiscus Siriya iya girma a cikin ƙasa bude a yankuna tare da matsananci winters ba tare da ɓoye don hunturu samu nasarar tsira, adana kawai rhizome da buds na sabuntawa. Amma ba su tsoron mutuwa a kashe sassan jikin m: hibiscus blooms on new harbe, yana da kyau dawo da foliage tsiro sake. Godiya ga saurin girma, bushes ɗin yayi fure ba tare da wata muni ba daga tsire-tsire waɗanda ke riƙe duk sassan da ke sama a lokacin hunturu, kodayake ba su kai girma da kyan gani ba da hibiscus da aka rufe. Amma idan kuna da damar (da sha'awar) gaba ɗaya don rufe ko da mafi yawan hibiscus na hunturu kuma don haka kiyaye sassan m na shuka a ƙalla sau ɗaya zuwa shekara mai zuwa - kuyi amfani da shi ba tare da gazawa ba.

Kada ka yi rush tare da tofa da mafaka: hibiscus ba ya jin tsoron ƙananan frosts, haka ma, dole ne a yarda da shuka ya taurara kan kansa kafin a rufe shi. Ana la'akari da Nuwamba a matsayin lokacin da ya dace don tanadin hibiscus, amma yana da kyau a mai da hankali akan zazzabi: suna rufe shuka lokacin da aka saita sanyi mai ƙarfi a -5-10 digiri. Yana da kyau don ƙirƙirar tsari a tsaka-tsakin lokaci, a cikin abubuwan da yawa - mulching farko, to, tsaunin dutse, sannan kawai - rassan spruce. Kuma ko da bukkoki daga gare ta za'a iya ƙirƙirar su cikin kiran 1-2.

Cututtuka da kwari na lambun hibiscus

Hibiscus, duk da matsayin sa na al'ada, yana jimre da barazanar hali kuma da wuya yayi rashin lafiya. Matsaloli a cikin haɓakawa yawanci ba a hade da su da cututtuka, amma tare da ciyar da rashin kulawa da kulawa gaba ɗaya. Don haka, alal misali, faɗuwar ganye, wanda yake aiki musamman a ƙarshen kambi, yana faruwa ne sakamakon salinization na ƙasa, kuma rashin fure yana faruwa ne kawai saboda wucewar nitrogen. Cutar fitsari ba ta da ban tsoro ga hibiscus, amma tabarbarewar ƙasa, gurɓar ruwa, daftarin aiki, da kuma rashin ciyawa abubuwa masu mahimmanci.

Karin kwari suna yin barazanar hibiscus a cikin lambun kawai a cikin kusancin tsire-tsire masu kamuwa. Aphids, thrips, whiteflies suna matukar son tubular da tukunyar hibiscus, kuma gizo-gizo gizo ke samun sau da yawa sosai. Zai fi kyau a yi yaƙi da kowane kwari nan da nan tare da kwari. Gaskiya ne, wanda ya isa ya manta game da gyara na kulawa wanda ya haifar da rauni - musamman, matakan shayar da iska.

Haushi na hibiscus, wanda aka ɓoye don hunturu ta wani tsiro ba tare da burlap ba, na iya jawo hankalin rodents, musamman ma ɓarnata mara ɓarna. Don kauce wa ziyarar mara kyau da lalacewa ga shuka, saita tarkuna ko saka wasu shirye-shirye masu ƙarfi a cikin abubuwan da ke ɓarnar. Idan kun yi amfani da burlap ba tare da cinya ba, to ba za a buƙaci irin waɗannan matakan ba.

Sirrin hibiscus na Siriya, aji 'Oiseau Bleu'. Io fiori-forchette

Hibiscus kiwo

Kuna iya samun sabon tsiro da yan itace, da huɗa, da rabuwa da bushes, har ma da tsaba. Nasara a cikin kiwo hibiscus ya dogara ne da farko akan zaɓin ɗan da ya dace da giya: ya kamata kuyi ƙoƙarin kawo tsirrai daga hibiscus na cikin gida zuwa gonar. Idan kana son samun samfuran sanyi na sanyi, ka tabbata cewa uwar da shuka ba kawai tana jure yanayin winters sosai a yankinka ba, amma kuma ta sami karbuwa sosai har baya buƙatar cikakken tsari tare da rassan tsiro. Don kiwo, yi amfani da manya, hibiscus mai dacewa.

Hanya mafi sauki don yaduwar hibiscus tana tare da yankuna wanda za'a iya yanka a duk lokacin rani. Don haihuwa, ana amfani da haɓaka matasa. Yanke katako tare da 2 zuwa 3 internodes kuma nan da nan bi da sassan tare da kwayoyi waɗanda ke haifar da haɓaka da tushe. Cututtukan Hibiscus suna da tushe sosai cikin zafi, a zazzabi kimanin kimanin digiri 22-25 a kowace cakuda ƙasa-peat. Haka kuma, aikin gaba daya bai wuce wata daya ba. Nan da nan bayan tushen, dole ne a canja wurin ganyayyaki zuwa kowane kwantena tare da ƙasa mai dausayi kuma ta girma ta hanyar sha ruwa kawai.Shuka aƙalla shekaru 2 (kuma zai fi dacewa 2-3) na cuttings na hibiscus azaman amfanin gona, tare da hunturu mai sanyi a cikin ɗakin kuma har zuwa lokacin da zai yiwu yayi girma a gonar. Kuma amma sai kawo su cikin bude ƙasa.

Perennial hibiscus yana girma daga tsaba kawai ta hanyar seedlings, yayin shuka ya kamata ya kasance da wuri - daga Janairu zuwa farkon farkon Maris. Suna buƙatar ɗaukar ciki a cikin haɓaka mai haɓaka, abubuwan haɗin ƙasa wanda aka sako, yanayin zafi mai kusan 25-25 digiri Celsius da tsari tare da gilashi ko fim. Kada a taɓa lingsalingsan tsage har sai an samar da ganyayyaki 2-3, bayan wannan ana buƙatar jujjuya su cikin kananan tukwane. Shekarun 2-3 na farko, hibiscus ya fi kyau su girma kamar tsire-tsire na ganga, kuma za su yi fure kwata-kwata sai a shekara ta huɗu. Siriya da ternary hibiscus lokacin da aka girma a matsayin dasa shekara-shekara da aka dasa kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa a cikin Mayu. Zasu yi fure ta hanyar faduwa.

Yankunan wucin gadi suna rabuwa da rabuwa kawai cikin ciyawar hibiscus. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a kan bushes fiye da shekaru 5-6 a cikin bazara.