An yi imanin cewa ƙwararrun kwararru ne kawai za su iya shuka orchid a gida. Koyaya, wannan kuskure ne, saboda koda novice na iya jure wannan aikin. Amma da farko, dole ne ku sami ilimin game da halayen shuka, wanda aka shirya za a yi girma a gida. Ya kamata ka gano nau'in halittar da shuka take, menene kayan kulawa, da kuma waɗanne hanyoyin haifuwarsu. Lokaci na ƙarshe ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Bayan haka, a yau akwai hanyoyi da yawa don yada orchids, kuma kowannensu yana da nasa bambance-bambancen.
Nasihu Masu Amfani
Yawancin lambu na gida sun nuna daga kwarewar mutum cewa haifuwar Phalaenopsis orchid a gida aiki ne da kowa zai iya warwarewa. Kiwo phalaenopsis kasuwanci ne mai wahala, kodayake, yana kawo farin ciki da yawa. Nan da nan kuna buƙatar shiri don gaskiyar cewa ba koyaushe komai zai iya juya farkon ba. Idan kun rasa kowane mahimman mahimmanci, to wannan na iya haifar da mutuwar shuka. Saboda haka kuna buƙatar samun masaniya da dokokiwannan zai taimaka wajen nisantar da mummunan sakamako.
Kulawar da ta dace Don haka shirin ku na kiwo a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta na gida ba ɓata lokaci ba ne, dole ne ku ba da shuka yadda ya kamata. Sabili da haka, kafin furanni masu girma, kuna buƙatar gano irin yanayin da suke buƙatar ƙirƙirar don haɓaka al'ada. Orchid a wannan batun na iya haifar da wasu matsaloli, tunda yana tanada nau'ikan iri iri. Sabili da haka, daga nazarin wannan batun dole ne mu fara. A nan gaba, yakamata a kula da halaye ba tare da wanda orchid ba zai sami damar girma da kyau a gida. Muna magana ne game da hasken wuta, zazzabi, shayarwa da takin zamani, gumi, dormancy da pruning;- Yi gwaji. Ga mafi yawan bangare, orchid shine tsire-tsire na thermophilic, duk da haka, akwai wasu nau'ikan da suke jin daɗin sanyin sanyi. Zai fi kyau a yi shuka orchid a kudu maso gabas ko gefen kudu maso yamma. Idan kuna da windows uku ko hudu a cikin gidan ku, gwada ɗaukar tukunyar fure a kowane ɗayan. A wannan lokacin, lura da kanka yadda yanayin orchid yake canzawa. Ya danganta da inda fure na phalaenopsis zai fara sauri, kuma ya kamata a zaɓi wani wuri don haɓakar sa;
- Cire littafi. Lura da cewa ba ku da isasshen ilimin game da aikin orchid, kuyi ƙoƙarin gyara duk abin da zaku iya lura yayin gwaje-gwajen ku. Da farko, kula da orchid a lokacin furanni. Sannan shekara mai zuwa zaku iya gujewa kurakurai da yawa lokacin da kuka sake haifar Phalaenopsis a gida.
Kulawar da ta dace Don haka shirin ku na kiwo a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta na gida ba ɓata lokaci ba ne, dole ne ku ba da shuka yadda ya kamata. Sabili da haka, kafin furanni masu girma, kuna buƙatar gano irin yanayin da suke buƙatar ƙirƙirar don haɓaka al'ada. Orchid a wannan batun na iya haifar da wasu matsaloli, tunda yana tanada nau'ikan iri iri. Sabili da haka, daga nazarin wannan batun dole ne mu fara. A nan gaba, yakamata a kula da halaye ba tare da wanda orchid ba zai sami damar girma da kyau a gida. Muna magana ne game da hasken wuta, zazzabi, shayarwa da takin zamani, gumi, dormancy da pruning;Sake haifuwa ta yara
Gardenerswararrun lambu suna amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban don narkar da orchid, duk da haka, mafi yawan lokuta sun zaɓi haifuwa ta yara. Suna bayyana shawarar su da babban saukin aiwatarwa. Ana iya amfani da wannan hanyar a cikin wata ɗaya ko biyu bayan fure. Amma mafi kyawun abin yi a ƙarshen Fabrairu-tsakiyar Yuni.
Bayyanuwar sababbin buds a cikin orchid yana faruwa a cikin axils na ganye. Koyaya, ciyawar fure da ta samo asali a ƙarƙashin tsoffin ganye ya kamata ya girma kafin wannan. A nan za ku iya samun buds da nau'ikan nau'ikan fararen hutu biyu. Na farko suna ba da rayuwa ga matasa masu motsa jiki. Tsofaffi kawai suna taimaka wa yara su bayyana.
Abubuwan da ake bukata
orchids za'a iya yada shi tare da taimakon kyawawan samfuran manya tare da ingataccen tsarin tushen, wanda yakamata ya samu aƙalla manyan ganye guda 4. Zaka iya amfani da ciyawar fure kawai, wacce take ƙuna shekaru akalla 1.5. A lokacin yara, ya zama dole a datsa shi ta irin wannan hanyar kar a kama hancin bacci na sama;- kulawa mai kyau. Tare da yawan zafin jiki mai kaifi, sai an fara aiwatar da abubuwa. Don yin wannan, zazzabi da dare ya kamata ya kasance + digiri 17, kuma yayin rana - + digiri 30. Wajibi ne a kula da yanayin zafi sosai. A ranakun zafi, ana zartar da spraying na zangon kogin ƙasan ƙasa. Madadin haka, ana iya shigar da pallet a kusa da orchid. Bar sanyi cikin dare. Idan matakin danshi yayi ƙasa da ƙasa, to tsire-tsire na iya jure wannan ya mutu. Tare da sakamako mai dacewa, duka abu zai iyakance kawai ga dakatar da fure phalaenopsis. Koyaya, gabaɗaya, irin wannan hybrids na iya ɗauka zafi a 100%. Rashin lalacewa yayin yaduwar ƙwayoyin cuta za a iya guje wa idan an ba da shuka tare da kulawa da ta dace;
- matalauta watering. Don yin wannan, shirya "fari", kamar lokacin furanni. Amma ya zama dole shuka ya kasance aƙalla kwanaki 10-14 ba tare da shayarwa ba. Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa a wannan lokacin an kare fure daga hasken rana kai tsaye. In ba haka ba, yana iya rauni mai tsanani. Idan ana aiwatar da shayarwa daidai da duk ƙa'idodi, to wannan za'a iya fahimtar wannan ta hanyar tushe, wanda ya kamata ya kasance yana da yanayin launin kore mai laushi. Wajibi ne a ciyar da ɗan hutu kaɗan saboda su canza launi zuwa launin toka ko azurfa, jira daysan ƙarin kwanaki, bayan wannan zaku iya gudanar da wani ruwa. Idan tushen launin ruwan kasa, to, wannan alama ce tabbatacciya cewa an kashe ruwa da yawa akan shuka. Wajibi ne a yi amfani da shi don shayar da ruwa, mai zafi 2-3 digiri sama da zazzabi dakin. Wannan zai taimaka fitar da kodan barci daga hutawa;
- ci gaba da haske. Yayin rana, yakamata a samar da tsire-tsire tare da haske a ko'ina aƙalla awanni 12-14. Idan baku ikon kawar da rashin hasken rana ba, to kada kuyi tsammanin zaku sami nasarar yada phalaenopsis.
orchids za'a iya yada shi tare da taimakon kyawawan samfuran manya tare da ingataccen tsarin tushen, wanda yakamata ya samu aƙalla manyan ganye guda 4. Zaka iya amfani da ciyawar fure kawai, wacce take ƙuna shekaru akalla 1.5. A lokacin yara, ya zama dole a datsa shi ta irin wannan hanyar kar a kama hancin bacci na sama;Shin motsawa wajibi ne?
A karkashin wasu yanayi, orchids na iya samarda jarirai ba tare da tsangwama ba. Idan kun lura cewa yara sun bayyana a farfajiyar, to kawai kuna buƙatar kallon su har sai sun samar da nau'i biyu na matasa ganye. Bayan haka Tushen iska yana farawa. Bayan sun jira har sai sun kai tsawon 5 cm, dole ne a rabu da su a hankali.
Idan babu wani abu mai kama da wannan da ke faruwa, to ana ɗaukar matakan haɓaka tsirrai. Don yin wannan, cire flakes din a wuri-wuri, kuma ya kamata a yi haka don kada a cutar da kodan bacci. Bayan wannan, suna buƙatar amfani da ɗan adadin maganin shafawa na cytokinin.
Koyaya, a nan zaku iya bayar da madadin: a saman kodan kuna buƙatar sanya moss mai ɗora kuma ku rufe shi da polyethylene. Dole ne a kiyaye Orchids dumin dumu a cikin lokacin kiwo. Lokacin da alamun farko na samuwar sababbin harbe suka bayyana, za'a iya cire fim ɗin. Koyaya, sphagnum ya kamata ya kasance har sai an kafa tushen farko.
Manna a ciki ba lallai ba ne a saya a shagon, saboda ana iya shirya shi a gida. Wannan yana buƙatar waɗannan abubuwan da aka haɗa:
- kinetin (10 mg);
- ruwa (1 ml);
- lanolin (1 g).
Bayan an hade, dukkanin kayan sun cakuda sosai saboda yadda cakuda ya sami daidaituwa daidai. Idan an yi komai daidai, to, maganin shafawa ya kamata ya sami farin launi.
Sau da yawa, yayin yaduwa, ɗayan juzu'i ɗaya ne kawai ya bayyana. Koyaya, ana iya hana wannan ta hanyar sanya orchid a cikin greenhouse. Dole ne a kula dashi koyaushe a zazzabi baya ƙasa da + 28 digiri. A irin waɗannan yanayi, shuka ya zama kwanaki 1-5. Bayan wannan, ya zama dole don sake aiwatar dashi tare da manna.
Kulawa da jariri
Bayyanar yara sau da yawa yakan faru ne a tushe na Rosette na orchid, har ma a kan farfajiyar. Koyaya, komai inda suka kirkiro, kuna buƙatar jira akalla tushen ɗaya don ƙirƙirar a cikin jariri. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, zaku iya juyar da jaririn Phalaenopsis a cikin tukunyar mutum. A cewar mafi yawan lambu, tushen matasa harbe cin abinci mai yawashan shi daga wurin mama. Sabili da haka, lokacin raba su, kar ku bar tushen. Kodayake, yakamata su sami leavesan ganye guda huɗu.
Bayan kammala tsarin rabuwa, ya kamata a shafa foda na gawayi ko kirfa a wuraren yankan kowane bangare. Bayan wannan, dole ne a ba da izinin sabon tsari don bushewa a lokacin rana.
Bayan haka, ana dasa su cikin ƙasa mai kyau-grained, inda Tushen zai yi girma. Nan ba da jimawa ba, nau'ikan ganyen jaririn da ke cikin ɓangaren ƙananan zai fara juyawa. Koyaya, bai cancanci ɗaukar kowane irin aiki game da su ba. Idan shuka tayi amfani da dukkanin kayan abincin ta, kayan ganyayyakin zasu bushe ba tare da wani tsoma bakin su ba. Koyaya, ta wannan lokaci Tushen farko zai sami lokaci da zai samar. Don wannan tsari ya tafi ba tare da rikitarwa ba, wajibi ne don tabbatar da kullun zafin jiki a cikin kewayon digiri 22-25. Zai fi kyau a gudanar da wannan aikin a cikin takin gargajiya na musamman - orchidarium.
Idan lokaci mai yawa ya wuce, amma tushen bai riga ya sami nasarar girma da kyau ba, to lallai ne ku riƙe ma'aunin motsawa. In ba haka ba, da farko za ku ji daɗin ganye. Yawancin lokaci, tare da wannan bambancin haihuwa, ana amfani da waɗannan nau'ikan shirye-shiryen hormonal, kamar:
- Heteroauxin;
- Kornevin;
- Epin.
Bugu da kari, za'a iya fadada tushe a cikin yara idan aka sanya ruwa kusa da su. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar akwatin filastik amintacce, wanda dole ne ya cika da kumfa tare da rami. Bukatar saka matasa tserewa. Bayan wannan, akwatin yana cike da ruwa kuma an rufe shi. A farkon alamun bayyanar Tushen, ana dasa Phalaenopsis a cikin sabon canzawa. Wasu lokuta ba za'a iya yin komai daidai lokacin farko ba, saboda haka wasu kurakurai na iya haifar da mutuwar ƙungiyar girma. Wannan galibi yana tare da bushewar tsufa na koda. A wannan yanayin, ya fi dacewa ga masu farawa na lambu kada su yi amfani da wata hanya mai kama da yaduwar orchids (phalaenopsis).
Farfagandar ta yanke
Hakanan wata babbar hanyar yaduwar amfani da itace ne. Don yin wannan, jira har sai phalaenopsis ya fadada. Yana da Dole a girbe cuttings tare da keɓaɓɓen mai kariya, wanda aka kula dashi tare da barasa. Yanke farfajiyar kai tsaye ƙarƙashin gindin. Sannan an kasu kashi biyu, kuma kowannensu yakamata ya yi tsawon 3-4 cm. A cikin tsakiyar rike yakamata ya zama koda koda.
Bayan an girbe, ya kamata a kula da sassan tare da carbon foda. Na gaba, an sanya kayan don germination a cikin karamin-greenhouse, wanda aka yi amfani da rigar sphagnum a matsayin cakuda dasa. Don saurin shuka, ya kamata a kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a digiri 26-28. Idan an samar da isasshen zafi da damshi a cikin greenhouse, to yan itacen sun yi saurin girma da sauri.
Hakanan zaka iya yin shi ta wata hanya, ta tserar da kanka daga ayyukan masu ƙwazo. Bayan jiran ƙarshen fure na farfajiyar, kuna buƙatar saka shi cikin ruwa takin. A lokaci guda, kwalin ruwa yakamata ya kasance a rana. A irin waɗannan yanayi, zaku iya hanzarta aiwatar da fita daga cikin ragowar yanayin ƙodan. Pretty da daɗewa ba, yara za su fara bayyana a kansu. A cewar masu lambu da yawa, waɗanda ba sa so su wahalar da kansu da tsarin taresome na yaduwar orchids ana ba su shawara su zaɓi wannan hanyar.
Kammalawa
Orchid yana ɗayan shahararrun tsire-tsire na ornamental wanda yawancin lambu na gida ke girma. Sabili da haka, ba abin mamaki bane cewa suna da sha'awar shiga cikin aikin wannan shuka kuma a gida. Farfadowar cutar sikila a gida ba irin wannan aiki ba ne mai wahala idan ka shirya hakan daidai. Ganin cewa babu yawancin hanyoyin haifuwa, kawai kuna buƙatar zaɓi ɗaya da kyau kuma ku bi daidai fasahar aikin gona ta aiwatarwa.
