Daga abin da ya gabata: shuka hawan iska a cikin dakuna

Don shuka tukwanen fure masu dacewa, akwatunan katako, faranti; Abin sani kawai abin da ake so kawai cewa jita-jita suna da rami mai aiki da malalewa masu kyau. Ana shirya magudin ruwa daga manyan yankan tebura, manyan gawayi, gawatattun rumbuna, da sauransu. Idan za a yi shuka a cikin tukwane na fure, to waɗannan ƙarshen suna cika 1/3 na tsawo tare da rufin magudanar ruwa, a saman wanda aka zuba ƙaramin matattarar kogin yashi, kuma a saman ƙarshen ƙarshe - ƙasa. Ba za a zuba shi a ƙarshen kwanon ba, amma don a tsakanin farfajiyar duniya da gefen tukunyar akwai faɗin 3/4 inch (ƙirar 4.4 cm). Bayan shuka, da tukunya an rufe shi da gilashi, wanda ya sa seedlings suka fara ci gaba a sarari da aka tsare.

Soilasa don shuka ta ɗauki haske, mai gina jiki. Abinda ke da mahimmanci ba shine abun da ke cikin ƙasa ba, amma kaddarorin jikinsa: haske, ƙima. Ganyayyaki, peat da ƙasa mai cike da ruwa suna gamsar da waɗannan abubuwan.

1/ara 1/3 ko 1/4 na ruwan kogin mai tsabta a cikin yumɓun murfin kuma dumama cakuda a cikin tanda zuwa 80 ° ko sama. Wannan zai lalata ƙwayoyin cuta da iri.

Bayan haka, sai a ɓuya a ƙasa ta wurin narkewa a jika, amma ba sosai sai a jika, a zuba a tukunyar, a mato tukunyar daga lokaci zuwa lokaci akan tebur domin ƙasa ta zauna.

Yanzu zaku iya fara shuka.

Manyan tsaba, alal misali, Peas mai dadi, nasturtium, ana shuka shi a nesa da bariki uku - aya daga juna. Don yin wannan, shirya ƙananan ramuka a cikin ƙasa kuma sanya ƙwaya a cikinsu. Ramin an yi zurfin zurfin ciki har ƙasa ta ƙasa sama da tsaba tana da kauri sau biyu kamar na kanta. Tare da ya fi girma kauri daga cikin laka Layer, zuriyar ba ta iya shiga ta na dogon lokaci, kuma tare da karami wani lokaci ana bulbulowa daga ƙasa ta wani tushe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.

.Arami ana shuka iri daban. Smallananan ƙananan suna hade cikin jaka tare da yashi mai kyau da aka shuka. Ana riƙe jaka tsakanin yatsa da yatsa na tsakiya, kuma ma'anar takarda ta kasance a tsakiyar jaka.

Kayan abinci tare da matuƙan matukan jirgi muna canja wuri zuwa wuri mai ɗumi. Babu damuwa idan duhu yayi. Don ƙwaya iri, yafi m (amma ba rigar) ƙasa da zafi ƙasa ake bukata. Saboda haka ƙasa, kuma musamman maɗaukaki na sama, ba su bushe da sauri ba, an rufe tukunyar da gilashin, ana cire kullun kuma an bushe bushe.

Zazzabi kasar gona ya zama 20 ° kuma ba ya fi 24 °. Sannan shuki da sannu zasu bayyana a bayan qasa. Kullum fesa kasar gona daga bindiga mai feshin ko ana shayar dasu ta hanyar sieve mai kyau, kuma ruwan yana mai da zafin jiki iri daya.

Lokacin da seedlings bayyana, suna buƙatar canzawa zuwa haske, inda suke ƙarƙashin rinjayar hasken rana zasu juye zuwa launi kore na al'ada. Da farko, ba a cire gilashi ba. A cikin sarari mai dawwama, cikin iska mai santsi da dumin iska, haɓaka ya fi ƙarfi. Abin sani kawai Dole a sanya iska a cikin amfanin gona kullun kuma shafa gilashin don kada saukad da ruwa ya faɗo a cikin ganyayyaki.

Lokacin da seedling tasowa biyu na gaskiya ganye (cotyledons ba su ƙidaya), an cire gilashin daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don accustom seedlings zuwa sabo iska, kuma, a ƙarshe, gaba daya an cire.

A lokaci guda, kuna buƙatar yin jigilar farko, ko zaɓar tsire-tsire. Wannan aiki ne mai mahimmanci, yana haifar da haɓaka mai ƙarfi na tushen tsarin. A lokacin da ake ɗiba, babban tushen tsiro yakan lalace, saboda wanda girman sa ya tsaya. Amma a cikin sa, ya dasa tsiro da yawa m Tushen, wanda aiki a duka da suka fi karfi.

Zaba da aka samar ta wannan hanyar: ana shayar da ƙasa awa ɗaya ko biyu kafin aikin, saboda ya kasance ɗan danshi. Sa'an nan, da taimakon ɗigon toshe, kwance ƙasa kusa da seedling kuma cire shi, canja shi zuwa wani rami sanya a cikin wani tasa a gaba tare da guda fegi, kuma nutsar da shi cikin cotyledons, sabõda haka, na ƙarshen zai kwanta a ƙasa.

Hakanan zaka iya narkewa tare da dilan ruwa. Don yin wannan, sun manne ɓarnar ta hanyar ɓoye a cikin ƙasa, ba da nisa da harbin. An karɓi harbi da wuƙa, kuma ƙasa ba ta girgiza shi ba. A wannan yanayin, yawanci ana yanke babban tushen asalin kansa.

Otsan buɗe ido tare da dunƙule na ƙasa ana canjawa wuri zuwa ramin da aka riga aka shirya kuma a nutsar da su a ciki har da cotyledons kwance a ƙasa.

Nisa tsakanin rami an yi shi, gwargwadon girman tsinin, daga 1/2 zuwa 1, 1/2 inch (inch -2.54 cm), yayin da manyan harbe (nasturtium) suna peaked a nesa na inci 2. Ramin, ba shakka, an rufe duniya.

Forasa don ɗauka an ɗauka daidai wannan abun da ke ciki. A ciki, ana barin shuka yakan zama har sai ya bunkasa ganye 5-7, sannan aka sake yin juyawa ta biyu. Kuna iya ƙara ɗan ƙaramin ƙasar greenhouse don abinci mai girma, amma, a kowane hali, abun da ke ciki bai kamata ya bambanta da ƙasar da ta gabata ba.

Yankakken yayyafa ya kamata a yayyafa shi da ruwan dumi kuma a kare shi a karo na farko daga aikin kai tsaye da hasken rana. Bayan tushen, kiyaye su yiwu a wuri mai haske kuma, a kowane damar, bijirar da hasken rana.

Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su:

• "Magazine na masu karbar baki", 1917, Na 5