Farfado da Tsarin Kula da Gida na Afelander ta hanyar Cututtukan da Tsaba

Kyakkyawan Afelander yana da keɓaɓɓen ganye daban-daban, ƙyalli mai haske. An adana kwalliyar sa ta kusan kwata-kwata shekara, wanda zai baka damar ƙirƙirar babban lokacin farin ciki a kan windowsills. Dankin yana daɗaɗɗa da kulawa a cikin kulawarsa, kuma ba kowa bane zai iya yin shi. Yana da mahimmanci don ƙarin koyo game da fasalin wannan fure, ka saba da shi kuma komai zai yi kyau.

Bayanin Afelandra

Afelandra (Aphelandra) dangin Acanthus ne. Asali daga wurare masu zafi na Kudancin da Arewacin Amurka. Wannan itace tsintsiya madaidaiciya itace ko tsintsiya madaidaici, wanda ya kai tsayi har zuwa 2 m a cikin yanayin halitta A ƙarƙashin yanayi na cikin gida, ana girma a matsayin tsintsiyar ganye da kuma kayan fure na kayan ado, iyakance ga 1-1.3 m.

Ganyen suna da yawa, masu sheki, saman farantin takardar za su iya zama mai laushi ko man shafawa. Launi mai launin kore ne tare da wani abin ado na fararen fata ko na azurfa, yana wucewa a gefen hanji da na tsakiya.

Furanni furanni ne, basu da wata ma'ana. Ractarfin yana da babban sakamako na ado: sifar fitila ce mai fitila mai faceted ko kuma dala 10 - 10 cm tsayi Yana launinta launin rawaya, ja, ruwan lemo.

Yi hankali lokacin dasawa da dasa shuka, saboda ruwan 'ya'yan itacen afenander mai guba ne, aiwatar da waɗannan hanyoyin safofin hannu.

An yi imani da cewa shuka sosai moody kuma ga nasara namo shi wajibi ne a saka mai yawa kokarin. Koyaya, samar da ingantaccen yanayi da farko, zaku sami ingantaccen ci gaba da fure.

Yadda za'a kula da mummunanlandra a gida

Itace Itace Afelander Kulawa da Bugawa

A matsayin wakili na fure mai zafi, Athenander yana son zafi da danshi. Tsarin daskararre yana da matuƙar contraindicated. Take hakkin yanayin tsire-tsire yana haifar da bayyanar mai raɗaɗi. Kulawa ya dogara da kakar.

Lokacin bazara da bazara

A cikin bazara da bazara, ya zama dole a shayar da ruwa sosai (sau 1-2 a mako), sau da yawa suna fesawa, shafa taki sau ɗaya a kowane mako 1-2, hasken yana buƙatar haske da yaduwa. Yana da mahimmanci kada a shirya waterlogging na kasar gona lokacin ban ruwa: ruwan sha yana kwashewa daga sump. Yanayin zafin jiki a cikin bazara ya kamata ya zama kusan 20 ° C, a lokacin rani, kiyaye yawan zafin jiki tsakanin 22-25 ° C.

Rana da damuna

A lokacin bazara da kuma hunturu, ruwa yayi yawa (jiran ƙasa ta bushe a saman), samar da ƙarin hasken wutan lantarki. A cikin kaka, ana amfani da takin ƙasa sau ɗaya a kowane mako 1-2, kuma a cikin hunturu, ba a buƙatar takin. Kula da yawan zafin jiki a lokacin kaka a cikin kewayon 18-20 ° C; a cikin hunturu, zazzabi mafi yawan zafin jiki ya kai zuwa 16 ° C mai yiwuwa.

Watse

Furen yana buƙatar yin ruwa akai-akai, musamman ma a cikin zafi. Guji tsauraran ruwa a tukunya da kwanon rufi, don kada juyawa ya fara. A cikin lokacin dumi, kula da danshi na dindindin ƙasa, kuma da farkon yanayin sanyi ya isa ruwa kamar yadda ƙasa take bushewa. A lokacin rani, fesa ganye sau da yawa a rana; a cikin hunturu, fesawa sau ɗaya a kowace kwana 2-3 ya isa.

Manyan miya

Afelandra na haɓaka, yana hanzarta amfani da ƙanshin abubuwan abubuwa masu alama. Yana da mahimmanci a takin kullun. A lokacin girma, amfani da takin mai magani don yanke hukunci, kuma a matakin fure - don tsire-tsire na fure na ado. A lokacin kaka, ana gabatar da takaddun takaddun ma'adinai mai dauke da phosphorus, potassium, da nitrogen.

Flowering da dormancy

Afelander flower yadda za'a kula dashi bayan fure

Babban inflorescence yana bayyana a farkon lokacin bazara kuma yana da damar farantawa wasu makonni da yawa. A ƙarshen fure, yakamata a cire har sai 'ya'yan itacen su tashi. Bayan lokacin 'ya'yan itace, tsire-tsire yakan cika ƙarshen rayuwarsa kuma ya mutu.

Kyakkyawan kyakkyawan furanni na fure mai ban sha'awa yana ba da gudummawa ga lokacin hutawa. Nan da nan bayan fure (kusan daga tsakiyar kaka), cire tukunya tare da shuka a cikin dakin mai sanyi tare da zazzabi na 16-20 ° C. Ruwa lokaci-lokaci, fesa. Lokacin da bazara ta zo, sake shirya shuka zuwa tsohuwar mazauninta.

Turawa

Alefandra yayi girma da sauri, mai tushe yana miƙa, inji yana rasa kyakkyawa da ƙoshinta - pruning na lokaci ya zama dole. Don samar da wata kambi mai kyau kuma bayar da ƙawa, ya kamata ka tsunkule da buds a kan babba harbe na matasa shuke-shuke. Samfuran manya na buƙatar yin pruning a farkon bazara: cire kusan rabin tsohuwar mai tushe. Bayan hanyoyin pruning, dole ne a watsa ganyayyaki akai-akai.

Shuka kuma dasa kwarilandra

Yadda ake watsa hoton afelandra

A cikin shagunan, tsire-tsire galibi ana sayar da su a cikin jigilar ƙasa, kuma curin ƙamshi kuma ana iya nannade shi da masana'anta na musamman don adana danshi na dogon lokaci. Daga wannan abun, furen ya cika, cututtuka na iya bayyana. Juya shuka da kai tsaye bayan sayan.

Matasa tsire-tsire suna buƙatar sake sabunta su kowace shekara. Bayan ya kai shekaru 4, Afelanda zai buƙaci canzawa a kowace shekara 2-3. Zai fi kyau aiwatar da hanya a farkon bazara.

Zaɓi tukunya mai tsayi da ƙima a maimakonta. Tukunyar yumɓu, ba ta da glakiti ita ce mafi kyau. Don kowane juyawa, daɗa diamita daga cikin akwati ta hanyar cm cm 7. Dole ne a sami ramuka magudana a ƙasa.

Needsasa tana buƙatar haske, sako-sako, mai numfashi. Zaka iya amfani da irin wannan gaurayawan:

1. Mix duniya substrate da peat ƙasa tare da yashi ko lafiya perlite a cikin rabbai 6: 3: 2.
2. Mix turf ƙasar, bushe peat da kogin yashi a cikin wani rabo na 2: 1: 1.

Kafin dasa shuki, kasar gona ya kamata a gurbata: zuba tafasasshen ruwa a kanta ko a sanya a cikin tanda na mintina 5.

Jerin ayyukan yayin da aka sake kafa wata shuka:

1. Zuba furen, a hankali, a cire tukunya. Yakamata a bincika tushen batun lalacewa da sauran lalacewa.
2. Yi amfani da wuka mai kaifi don yanke tushen ƙazanta ko bushe.
3. A matsayinka na duka, yi ƙoƙarin kada ka lalata tushen kuma kada ka share damuwar ƙammar.
4. Cika kwata na tsayin tukunya tare da magudanar ruwa daga ƙaramin ƙaramar yumɓu, yumɓu masu yalwa, da sauransu Top saman tare da ƙasa na cm cm 3-4.
5. Saita shuka a ƙasa, kada ku tanƙwara da asalinsu. Yayyafa duniya a saman, tamp a hankali. Kuna iya ciyawa saman ƙasa tare da pebbles na ado a saman.

Bayan dasawa, ya zama dole ruwa a yalwace. Idan dole ne a cire wani ɓangare na tushen, yana da daraja nan da nan bayan dasawa kuma bayan makonni 2, zuba thelanderlander tare da mafita mai haɓaka mai haɓaka.

Cututtuka da kwari da kwari

Dalilan da ganyayyaki zasuyi na iya zama ƙarancin zafin iska, kwarkwaran (cire shuka a wani wuri mai ɗumi ba tare da zayyanar ba), wadataccen ruwa (daidaita tsarin shayarwa), karancin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙasa (aiwatar da takin yau da kullun), da bushewar iska (fesa ganye a kullun).

Tsirrai na iya bushewa daga zayyana masu sanyi - sake shirya shi ba tare da zayyanawa ba.

Afelandra bushe da ganyayyaki na ganye

A gefuna cikin ganyayyaki zama launin ruwan kasa daga lalacewar mold (an cire ganye da cututtukan, ana kula da shuka da ƙwayar cuta) ko kuma ƙarancin iska (fesa yau da kullun, saka kullun tare da busassun yumɓu, pebbles).

Afelandra bushe da baƙi sun bar abin da za a yi

Afelandra bushe ganye hoto

Abubuwan duhu masu duhu suna bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki daga ambaliya, yawan adadin hasken rana kai tsaye (inuwa a tsakar rana ko canjin wuri), da kuma rashin isasshen iska (kullun iska zai taimaka).

Ganyen ya zama karami lokacin da ake karancin ma'adanai (kuna buƙatar yin takin akai-akai) ko lokacin da tukunya ta kasance karami (kuna buƙatar dasawa a cikin akwati tare da diamita mafi girma).

Idan ka ambaliya da afelander

• A lokacin da waterlogged, da shuka na iya wahala daga rot (cire lalace sassa, kurkura fitar da sauran lafiya lafiya, bi da tare da kwararar gawayi da dasa cikin sabo ne ƙasa).
• A cikin matsanancin yanayi, hanyar kawai itace itace. Zaɓi ɓangaren lafiyayyen ɓangaren gangar jikin, yanke duk sassan da suka lalace kuma sake yin tushe a cikin sabon gurbin, wanda aka bi da shi ta hanyar kashe-kashe.

Kwayar zata iya lalacewa ta hanyar kwari kamar su aphids, kwari da kwari, da kuma huɗar ruwa. Daga gare su, maganin kashe kwari zai taimaka.

Yaduwa da yaduwa a gida

Afelandra ya yadu ta iri da iri. Tun da mahaifiyar shuka sau da yawa yakan mutu bayan fruiting, zaɓi na biyu shine wanda ake fin so.

Girma afelander daga tsaba

Afelandra tsaba hoto

Dole ne a dasa kyawawan tsaba nan da nan bayan girbi. Yi amfani da cakuda yashi da ƙasa a dunƙule na 1 zuwa 4.

• Danshi kasar gona, rarraba tsaba a farfajiya, yayyafa a ɗan ƙasa.
• Rufe tare da gilashi ko fim ɗin amintacce, kula da zazzabi a kusa da 25 ° C.
• Fita da amfanin gona yau da kullun na tsawon minti 20.
• Tare da isowar ganye na gaskiya guda biyu, tsirrai a kananan tukwane.
• Kula da tsire-tsire masu dasawa kamar tsofaffi, da kiyaye yanayin zafi ba tare da tsayayyen ruwa ba da kuma kyakkyawan haske.

Yaduwa da yaduwa ta hanyar yanke

Farfad da farfadowa ta hanyar yanke hoton

Ganyayyaki na ganyayyaki ta hanyar cutarwa ana yin shi sau da yawa daga Maris zuwa Mayu, mafi ƙarancin lokaci a cikin hunturu ko bazara.

• Yanke wani shekara-shekara harbi game da 15 cm tsawo, da cuttings dole ne kamar wata ganye.
• Bi da kututture tare da haɓakar mai haɓaka: riƙe ranar a cikin maganin tushenin ko heteroauxin.
• Tushen a cikin yashi ko peat. Rufe sanduna tare da hula kuma kula da yawan zafin jiki a cikin 22-24 ° C. Dole ne a shimfiɗa walƙiya A kwance a kullun tsawon minti 10.
• Ana iya kafe a cikin ruwa, amma tukwicin ganyen nan bai kamata a bar shi ya taɓa hulɗa da bango ko kasan jirgin ruwa da ruwa ba.
• Tsarin tushen zai ɗauki watanni 1-2. Na gaba, dasa tushen da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa don tsirrai na manya kuma ku ci gaba da kulawa daidai da shawarwarin kula da tsirrai.

Iri afelandra tare da hotuna da sunaye

A ƙarƙashin yanayi, ana samun kusan nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri iri 170, amma biyu ne kawai ke da fa'ida.

Aphelland protruding ko squarros Aphelandra squarrosa

Afelandra na hana hoton Aphelandra squarrosa

Yana girma a cikin yanayi na daki har zuwa cm 130. Shuka tayi girma da sauri, tana rasa adorativeness, don haka masu noman fure sun fi son dangin girke girke: Denmark, Brockfield, Louise.

Afelandra Orange Aphelandra aurantiaca

Afelandra Orange Aphelandra aurantiaca hoto

Wannan ciyawar da ba ta cika lalacewa ba tana da tushe mai kyau da gangar jikinta a hankali. Ganyen suna da yawa, launi-mai launin shuɗi. Bract tetrahedral, orange mai haske. Fulawa yayi kamar kwana 7. Dukkan nau'ikan wannan nau'in suna da rauni na launi na lemun tsami. Furancinsu yana faruwa daga Yuni zuwa Nuwamba kuma yana ɗaukar makonni 6.