Echeveria shine babban nasara wanda zai iya yin girma a gida. Har yanzu mutane sun san shi kamar dutse ko ƙarami (furen lambu daga dangi guda ɗaya, wanda zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi ba tare da matsala ba, yana iya hunturu akan titi). Wannan fure baƙon abu ne mai ban mamaki, yana da nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta da siffar zanen gado, launuka da launuka. Akwai fiye da nau'ikan 150 na wannan sabon abu shuka.
Bayanin echeveria da hoton fure na cikin gida a lokacin fure
Bayanin gaba ɗaya na fureve na echeveria shine tsire-tsire na perennial tare da ganyen ganye mai kaifi a saman. Dogaro da iri-iri, suna iya zama mai sheki, mai santsi, tare da ƙaramin tari. Fulawa tayi kamar kwana 31.
Iyali: Crassulaceae.
Gida na - Mexico, Argentina, Ta Kudu Amurka, kudancin Amurka. Echeveria wata ciyawar ganye ce mai girma a cikin yashi mai kauri. Ganyen suna da kyau, masu launin fata, mai muni, babba, har zuwa 15-30 cm tsayi, wanda aka rufe shi da kullun mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi kuma ya samar da rosette. Furannin suna da kararrawa, masu yawa, rawaya, lemo, fararen haske ko ja, an tattara su a cikin hadaddun tseren tsere. Yana blooms dangane da jinsin daga hunturu zuwa bazara
Inflorescences sun zo a cikin nau'i na buroshi, kunne, laima, tare da furanni da yawa waɗanda suke kama da ƙananan karrarawa. Flow yana da tsayi sosai - kwanaki 14-20. Tare da pollination na halitta ko wucin gadi, 'ya'yan itace-akwatin tare da nra 5 suna bayyana, a cikin ƙananan hatsi na launin ruwan kasa mai duhu za su yi fure.
Sauki mai sauƙi da sauƙi na haifuwa yana ba ku damar jin daɗin echeveria na dogon lokaci a gida. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa lura da su yana da hankali sosai. Kowane takarda an rufe ta da fim ɗin kakin zuma mai ma'ana na launi mai launin shuɗi, ita ce ke ɗaukar duk abubuwa masu amfani kuma suna riƙe da ruwa. Idan harsashi ya lalace ba zato ba tsammani, to, fure fara rauni. Amma idan wannan ya rigaya ya faru, kuma ganye da yawa sun lalace, kuna buƙatar rufe shuka tare da jakar filastik kuma adana shi har sai an gama murmurewa sosai.
A cikin yanayin yanayi, echeveria yana fara yin fure a ƙarshen hunturu, a wannan lokacin tsire-tsire suna da kyau sosai. Tsirrai na cikin gida suna yin fure a kusa da Afrilu. A lokacin tsire-tsire na fure yana jawo sha'awa sosai, furanni suna da ban sha'awa kuma baƙon abu.
Echeveria itace fure ce mai rauni kuma marassa wahala, kulawa ce sosai. Idan ka bi ka'idodin farko don abubuwan da ke ciki, to koyaushe zai faranta wa ido rai kuma zai zama babban abin haskaka kowane sashi.
Shahararrun jinsuna da nau'ikan Echeveria: hoto, bayanin su da sunayen iri
A yanayi, akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri iri, har zuwa 170. Mafi shahararrun iri:
Echeveria farukandurji "Lu'u-lu'u na Nuremberg" (E. gibbiflora 'Perle von Nurnberg'). A matasan cultivar Echeveria horbatiflora yana da ganye tare da launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi, kuma a kan lokaci yana haifar da madaidaiciyar ciyawa. Ba ya yin fure a cikin yanayin daki.
Echeveria "The Black Prince" (E. 'Black Prince'). Hybrid iri-iri na echeveria "Black Prince" - shuka mai adalci ga tsarin mulki, wanda galibi ya shafa. Ganyayyaki masu launin ja-kasa-kasa ne a cikin launi, farfajiya suna bayyana kusa da kaka.
Abin baƙin ciki, ba duk echeveria za a iya girma a gida ba.
Da ke ƙasa akwai nau'ikan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke jin girma a cikin ɗakin daki.
Mafi mashahuri nau'ikan:
Echeveria agave (E. agavoides)
Echeveria farin-fari (E. leucotricha)
Garuruwan Echeveria (E. harmsii)
Echeveria humpback-flowered (E. gibbiflora)
Echeveria Sizaya (E. glauca)
Echeveria knotty (E. nodulosa)
Echeveria daɗi (E. setosa).
Kalli hoton da ke ƙasa tare da sunayen nau'in echeveria.
Echeveria agave - wannan nau'in halitta ne wanda ke girma tare da kanti guda 29 cm a diamita, ba shi da harbe, ko kuma ba su da mahimmanci.
Ganye suna da tsayi, suna kama da alwatika, tare da laushi mai laushi mai haske. Suna da tsananin wahalar malachite, tare da gefen tare da launin launi. A tsakiyar waje ana yin farfajiya har zuwa 40 cm a tsayi, launin ja mai launin shuɗi.
Echeveria fararen fata - wata fure da ke da murfin silve, wanda a ƙarshe ya zama mai launin shuɗi kuma ya kai girmansa har zuwa 21 cm.
Ganyen yana da kauri, mai kauri, kewaya a iyakar kuma an tattara shi cikin soket. Furanni ya kai tsawon to 2 cm kuma suna da launin ruwan hoda-ja.
Garuruwan Echeveria - furen cikin gida tare da ƙananan ganye a cikin siffar rhombus mai zagaye. Kowane ƙarshen farantin takardar an rufe shi da ja. Furanni ƙananan, masu launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi.
Tsarin murfin Echeveria - Wannan tsiro ne wanda yayi kama da ƙaramin itace.
Gashi mai tushe suna madaidaiciya, wasu lokuta sukanyi dan kadan. A saman harbe, rosettes tare da manyan manyan launin kore-kore ganye suna kewaya. Farantin ɗin takardar ya zama convex a ƙasa kuma ƙaramin concave a sama. A watan Agusta, tsayin daka mai tsayi ya girma, kusan m 1, mai kama da kunne. Furanni suna da tsakiyar rawaya da bakin iyaka mai launin shuɗi. Yana daga wannan nau'in shuka cewa ana samar da hybrids da yawa.
Echeveria Sizaya - plantaramar shuka tare da ƙananan smallan kananan rosettes. Ganyayyaki masu launi iri-iri, launin shuɗi-shudi. Furanni na wannan nau'in suna da tangerine hue kuma suna kan gefe.
Echeveria knotty - Wannan furanni ne da ke da ganye mai launin rhomboid wanda ke da launi mai launin shuɗi-kore.
Echeveria daɗi - succulent daji-dimbin yawa, wanda akan sami tsari mai yawa.
Rosettes suna da sifa mai sihiri, a tsakiyar wanda akwai ganye da yawa na launin kore mai duhu, an rufe shi da farin goge baki. Itatuwan fure ya kai tsawon 30 cm, furanni kuma yayi kama da smallan ƙaramin shuɗi-orange.
Dubi hoto, wanda ke nuna nau'ikan iri da nau'ikan tsireveria:
Yadda za a kula da echeveria: shayarwa, takin, shuka da dasawa
Echeveria wani tsire ne mai kyan gani kuma mara misaltawa. A duk shekara, kuna buƙatar wuri mai haske, mai amfani da rana. A cikin hunturu, ana sa su a zazzabi 10-14 ° C. A lokacin bazara, dole ne a fitar da su cikin iska. Ba a bukatar zafi mai zafi ba. Substrate - ƙasar da aka shirya don cacti ko ƙasa mai yashi tare da ƙari da lemun tsami da ƙasa mai ganye.
Watering yana da matsakaici. Echeveria baya yarda da yawan danshi. A cikin hunturu, an rage yawan ruwa. A lokacin girma, daga Maris zuwa Agusta, tsire-tsire suna ciyar da takin mai magani don cacti.
Kula da agrotechnics lokacin da girma na mantaveria abu ne mai sauki. Tsire-tsire suna da isasshen hasken rana na sa'o'i 12. Idan ya isa, ganyayyaki suna samun kauri mai kauri tare da jan launi. Southangaren kudu na ɗakin an dauki shi ya fi dacewa da ƙirar shuka. Idan an samo tsire-tsire kwanan nan, to lallai ne ya dace da hasken rana a hankali don gujewa ƙonewa a cikin ganyayyaki. A lokacin rani, zazzabi ɗakin ya kamata ya zama kimanin 24 ° C, a cikin hunturu - ba ƙasa da 7 ° C ba.
Karka yi amfani da wani fesa don danshi, wannan na iya haifar da jujjuya ganye daga sama. Dankin ya fi son zama a ɗaka tare da busasshiyar iska. A cikin lokacin zafi, ana shayar kamar yadda ake buƙata, lokacin da ƙasa a cikin tukunya ba rigar. A cikin hunturu, a yanayin zafi kadan, ya kamata a rage yawan ruwa. Idan iska tana da dumi, ruwa kamar yadda ya cancanta, dole ne a kare ko ruwan da aka yi amfani dashi. Babban abin tunawa shine cewa lokacin shayarwa, wajibi ne don kauce wa samun ruwa a kan mafita tare da ganye, wannan na iya haifar da lalata.
Kamar ƙasa, zaku iya amfani da cakuda da aka shirya don cacti. Ko daidai gwargwado suna haɗu da yashi na kogi, ƙasa ta yau da kullun, da amfani da shimfidar lãka ko kyakkyawan dutse kamar magudanar ruwa. A cikin yanayin aiki na girma, ana iya ciyar da furen. Don wannan, ana amfani da takin gargajiya na musamman don cacti. Lokacin hunturu a waje, shuka bai buƙata ba.
Wide, ba'a amfani da kwantena mai zurfi don dasa furanni echeveria, tunda tushen tsarin shuka ba zurfi bane a cikin ƙasa.
Kowace shekara suna buƙatar jujjuya su, wannan dole ne a yi shi a hankali, saboda za ku iya lalata ganyayyaki da gangan idan kun taɓa su da hannuwanku. Idan aka samo sabuwar shuka, ana ba da shawarar a saka shi cikin wata tukunya bayan mako biyu. Kafin canja wurin fure zuwa sabon akwati, ba lallai ne a shayar da shi ba kwanaki da yawa. Bayan dasawa, zuba dakin echeveria tare da ruwa mai tace.
Yaduwa na MOveria ta hanyar yan itace, ganye, rosettes da tsaba
Farfagandar ana yin ta ne da 'ya'yan itace, roaltes, kwari da ganyayyaki.
Ana iya samun nasarar yada Echeveria ta hanyar yanka. Ganyen ciyawa dole ne a kafe a cikin ƙasa mai laushi ko yashi mai kauri. Wani wuri a cikin kwanaki 30 furen zai fara ɗaukar tushe.
Munveria an sami nasarar girma ta ganye. Wajibi ne a raba ganyen daga mahaifiyar. Don hana shi konewa, bushe shi har tsawon mako guda. Bayan wannan hanyar, sanya takardar tare da gefen waje akan ƙasa mai laushi, a cikin ɗaki mai zafin jiki na 25 ° C. Lokacin da karamin kanti ya bayyana, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar dasa shi cikin tukwane daban-daban.
Yana yiwuwa a aiwatar da haihuwar echeveria ta hanyar safa. Rarrabe kanti daga fure ya girma kuma bi da shi da gawayi, sai a bushe na awanni 12. Sannan dasa a cikin yashi. Don wannan nau'in haifuwa, farkon bayyanar sababi halaye ne.
Ana iya girma Echeveria daga tsaba, ana ɗaukar wannan hanyar da mafi wuya. Lokacin da shuka yayi fure, dasa furanni da tattara tsaba daga garesu lokacin da suka girma. Na gaba, kuna buƙatar shirya ƙasa na acidic don dasa tsaba. Suna buƙatar da za a sa a sama bisa ƙasa, ba a yayyafa shi da ƙasa. Ya kamata a aika da kwandon tare da tsaba zuwa gefen rana a cikin wuri mai sanyi. Zazzabi kada ta kasance ƙasa da 25 ° C, lallai ya zama babban zafi. Haɓakar hatsi ya fi kyau a cikin kwantena tare da murfin translucent da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa. Godiya ga wannan hanyar yaduwa, ana iya samun tsiro masu yawa nan da nan.
Kalli yadda fureveria fure yake a cikin hoto:
Me yasa ganyeveve ganye juya launin rawaya: cututtuka da kwari (tare da bidiyo)
Don dalilai na rigakafi, ana iya kula da fure tare da maganin kwari, wanda zai taimaka ya adana shi daga kwaro kamar mealybug. Idan tushe, ganye, Tushen ya zama sako-sako da laushi ga taɓawa da duhu, to wannan yana iya yiwuwa cuta ce ta lalacewa. A ganye fara Fade, juya rawaya da kuma crumble, da shuka ya mutu. Ba zai yiwu a ajiye fure mai lalacewa sosai ba, zaku iya watsar dashi kawai, barin ɓangarorin lafiya ko ƙarancin lafiya a gaba, domin kuyi ƙoƙarin kawar da su daga baya.
Don dasa shuki fure, lallai ne bakararre ganga da sabon ƙasa. Tare da wuka mai kaifi, yanke duk tsarin tushen, mai tushe, ganye, har ma da ƙananan burbushi na fata, mamaye 4 cm waɗanda ke da lafiya, wataƙila akwai ƙwayar naman gwari a ciki. Yayyafa yanka tare da carbon mai kunnawa, bayan wannan shuka ya bushe tsawon awa 6 sannan aka sake shuka shi.
Wani lokacin a ganye Echeveria fara juya launin rawaya. Mafi yawan lokuta wannan yakan faru ne saboda ruwa ya yi tsit a cikin ƙasa. Idan ƙananan ganye suna launin rawaya, to bai kamata ku damu ba - wannan tsari ne na al'ada. Yana maye gurbin ganye kawai, furen yana shirya girma sababbi, kuma yana zubar da tsoffin.
A cikin hunturu, ganye daga ƙasa na iya wani lokacin bushewa. Idan sun faɗi, sababbin jarirai yawanci suna girma. Idan wannan bai faru ba, to, wataƙila dalilin shine danshi wanda ya tara ƙasa. Wasu lokuta ganyen ganye, wanda zai iya nuna siginan da aka zaba ta takin zamani.
