Iyalin acanthus, wanda pseudo-erantemum nasa ne, mallakar yawancin tsire-tsire ne na yanki mai zafi. Ana wakilta su ta kowane nau'i na duniyar shuka: bishiyoyi, ciyawa, ciyawa, vines, marsh har ma da xerophytes kuma ana samun su a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, savannas, fadama, da ciyawar wuraren shakatawa.
Kyawawa da kwarjiniyoyi na tsirrai, ire-iren ire-iren ganye sun sami sahara a duk duniya tun zamanin da, ana kama su ne a cikin kayan ado na kayan kwalliya da masarauta a tsohuwar Girka, Roman da Byzantine. Acanthus ya sami izinin shiga jihohin da yawa, ciki har da Rasha (yankin Ulyanovsk). Ana amfani da ire-iren kayan ado na acanthus ado a yanzu.
Pan murhun ya sake zama, ko launin shuɗi mai duhu.
Kadan kadan game da acanthus
Iyalin acanthus suna da iyawa mai ban sha'awa. Suna harba tsaba daga cikin akwati don yaduwar yaduwar yanki. Don wannan fasalin, ana kiran acanthus tsire-tsire masu harbi. Suna jawo hankalin masu fulawar fure da kuma zane-zane mai faɗi da keɓaɓɓun ganye da kayan adonsu na fure. Ainihin ado na greenhouses da gefuna hunturu na hutawa, lambunan hunturu na cikin gida ba kawai ganye bane, har ma da ƙyalli mai kyan gani tare da braids na asali a fararen-ruwan hoda, ja, shunayya mai launi da launuka masu launi. Itace cikin gida ke da wuya.
Iyalin acanthus na rukuni ne na rukuni-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire. Ba sa son hasken rana kai tsaye, wanda dole ne a la'akari da shi lokacin da yake girma a gida. Ba sauran tabbataccen lokacin ci gaba, amma yanayin zazzabi ya bambanta kuma yayi +22 - + 25 ° С a lokacin rani, kuma a damina da damuna ba ƙasa da + 20 ° С.
Ya kamata a lura cewa a lokacin rani, har ma + 18 ° C ana haƙuri da haƙuri fiye da lokacin hunturu. A kowane hali, raguwar zazzabi yana haifar da ƙananan ganyen tsire-tsire su faɗi, wanda ba koyaushe yana tasiri tasirin adon su na yau da kullun ba. Wakilan dangi suna goyan bayan ƙaruwar ƙasa da iska mai ƙarfi. Suna buƙatar shayarwa da fesawa, hanyoyin wanka. A sauƙaƙe jurewa kwalliyar kwalliya ta shekara da shuka.
Abubuwa na rarrabe abubuwa game da dabi'ar halittar pseudo-erantemum
Iyalin sun kasu gida biyu da yawa, gami da halittar Pseudorantemum (pseudorantemum, pseudorantemum, pseudorantemum), wacce aka rarrabu a cikin sassan duniya na yamma da gabashin duniya. Halin halittar ya hada da fiye da nau'ikan nau'ikan bishiyoyi 120, tsirrai, da tsirrai masu tsiro. An rarrabe su ta hanyar halayyar ɗan iska mai mahimmanci, wanda aka bayyana a cikin buƙataccen yanayin zafin jiki mai sanyin zafi da babban zafi.
Pseudorantemum mai dadewa, ko notched.
Wakilin kwayoyin halitt shine pseudo-erantemum, gama gari a tsibirin Polynesian. Shrubaramin ɗan itacen da ke da tushen tushen tushen abu yana jan hankali da ganyayyaki. Ganyayyaki kore mai duhu cike da kirim da aibi mai ruwan hoda da ke warwatse akan ruwan ganye. Don ƙarfafa kyawun ganyen ganye, a gida, shootsan matashi na ƙarshen gefen an lanƙwasa ƙasa a cikin hanyar arcs kuma an aminta da igiya zuwa fegi. Yawancin harbe a kaikaice, yawanci suna girma sama, ana lanƙwasa, da yawan kayan ado na shuka.
Iri na Pseudo Erantemum
A cikin ɗakin da kuma al'adun gargajiyar ɗan adam na Halittar, ana amfani da kayan ado-deciduous da kayan ado-fure na pseudo-erantemum:
Dark Crimson Pseudo-Erantemum, ya fi dacewa da ciyawar cikin gida, musamman a wuraren nishaɗi, wuraren ɗakunan shakatawa da wuraren kore. Tsarin bishiyoyi na kullun har zuwa 120 cm tare da manyan ganye na elliptical sun kai tsayi da fadin 7-15 da 4-10 cm bi da bi .. Kyawun launi da ƙyalli na kwalliyar ganye. Ganye masu launin shuɗi da rawaya suna warwatse akan asalin launin ruwan hoda. A cikin haske mai ƙarfi, suna juya ja mai zurfi. An bambanta shuka da saurin fitar da danshi, saboda haka yana buƙatar yawaita da akai akai. Hard ruwa ba ya yarda. Tare da ambaliya, tushen lalacewar farawa. Yana son takin zamani, musamman ma tare da babban abun ciki na potassium, daga nitrogen ya rasa bambance-bambancen ganye. A cikin gida da wuya blooms tare da fararen furanni tare da m aibobi, tattara a sako-sako da hadaddun kunnuwa a takaice pedicels.
Mallakin pseudoerentemum - gan itacen daji har abada zuwa tsayi 1.0 m, tare da ganyen kore na ovate-lanceolate. Sheet filastik an yi wa ado da ƙarancin cibiyar sadarwa na ratsin launin rawaya. Wavy na ganye yana halayyar. Furen fure mai launin fari. A cikin fure sosai m. Don wasu buƙatu, yana kama da silan ɗin duhu mai duhu.
A halin yanzu, nau'in pseudo-erantemum mai duhu darkson da pseudo-erantemum reticulum suna da haɗin kai a ƙarƙashin sunan guda mai suna Pseudorantemum dark crimson. A cikin keɓaɓɓun wakilcin Gidaje na Botanical Royal Kew: Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (Seem.) Guillaumin syn. Pseuderanthemum reticulatum Radlk. - Hanyar sadarwar Pseudorantemum. Eranthemum atropurpureum W. Bull - Eranthemum duhu magenta syn. Mudawwamarmu (W.Bull) L.H. Bailey - Dark mai duhu pseudorantemum
Pseudorantemum duhu mai ruwan hoda.
Pseudo-erantemum notched dace da masoya ƙananan tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Kadaitaccen tsirrai na daji bai wuce 50 cm ba. Ya bambanta da sauran nau'in a cikin ganye mai kunkuntar-lanceolate tare da ƙararren sheki. Abin mamaki kyakkyawan tsire-tsire tare da ruwan fure na launuka daban-daban. Upperasan da ke sama shine ruwan zaitun kuma ƙananan gefen yana launin ja. Corolla petals fararen fata ne da keɓaɓɓen siffofi masu launin ja.
Dangane da rarrabuwar zamani, nau'in ɓarna-erantemum ba shi da kyau (Karawancin sinuatum) haɓaka aiki a karkashin yaren tsohuwar pseudoderantum wanda aka dade ana aikinta (Pluuderanthemum tsinkayen)
Abubuwan Kulawa na Pseudo-Erantemum
Haske
Tsire-tsire suna buƙatar haske mai shimfiɗa haske da murfin baya a cikin hunturu. A cikin hasken rana mai haske, ganye sukan samo launin ja mai launi, dakatar da haɓakawa, kuma lokacin da babu rashin hasken, sukan rasa bambanci kuma su sami launi mai launi na al'ada.
Zazzabi
Pseudo-erantemum yana da dangantaka ta musamman da zazzabi na yanayi. Shuka mai zafi a cikin tsaunin zafi yana buƙatar matsakaicin matsakaici a cikin kewayon + 18- + 25 * С. Lokacin da zazzabi ya faɗi ƙasa + 15 * C, pseudo-erantemum zai fara jin rauni. A cikin hunturu, zafin jiki yana tsakanin + 20- + 22 * С. Lokacin hutawa an tilasta shi, yana daga Oktoba zuwa Maris, an danganta shi da ƙarancin haske da zafi. A wannan lokacin, yana da matukar damuwa da matuƙar zafin jiki. Tasirin tasirin su yana da girma sosai har shuka zata mutu. Koyaya, duka kayan marmarin bazara da zafi mai zafi lokacin sanyi suna haifar da launin rawaya da zubar ganye.
Watse
Karin-erantemum yana buƙatar shayarwa ta shekara-shekara, wanda ke hade da iyawarta na fitar da ruwa cikin hanzari akan ganyen ganye. Watering koyaushe ya kasance yalwatacce, kamar yadda ƙasa ke bushewa da sauri. Ya isa don ba da izinin bushewa guda ɗaya daga cikin coma na ƙasa, wanda ya sa ɗan itacen ya birkice. Mayar da shuka zuwa tsohon kayan kwalliyar tana da wahala. Koyaya, idan shuka ta cika, tushen lalata zai fara. Ya kamata a la'akari da wannan fasalin yayin la'akari da shuka. Neman sifar-erantemum da ingancin ruwa. Ya kamata a aiwatar da ruwa tare da ruwan dumi, mai laushi, zai fi dacewa da ruwan sama, ko kuma daga kwandishan.
Pseudorantemum mai dadewa, ko notched.
Jin zafi
Duk da asalin daga cikin maharbi mai zafi, psavdoerantemums suna buƙatar babban zafi. Ya zama dole a fesa sau 2-3 a rana, a goge ganyen tare da wani datti, kuma a fesa ruwa mai kyau a kewayen. Yana yiwuwa a zuba yumbu da aka faɗaɗa cikin pallet ko a shimfiɗa matashin ganshin ƙwaƙwalwa da zuba ruwa a cikinsu, amma don kawai suna jika ne ba tare da tsauraran ruwa ba. Musamman mahimmanci (kamar zafin jiki) shine karuwar zafi a cikin hunturu. Ga duk karkacewa daga al'ada a cikin kulawa, inji yana amsa tare da yellowing da zubar ganye, dakatarwar ci gaba.
Ilasa da taki
Ga pseudo-erantemum, yanayin jikin ƙasa yana da matukar muhimmanci. Haske, permeable, acidic ko ƙasa tsaka tsaki ana buƙatar. Lokacin da girma a cikin gida, an shirya cakuda ƙasa daga turf, ƙasa ganye da yashi. Haka kuma, ana ɗaukar sassa 3 na takardar don 1 ɓangare na turf don ƙasa ta zama da sauƙi numfashi. A shuka bai yi haƙuri nauyi compused ƙasa.
Babban farfajiya na ganye da haɓaka mai sauri suna buƙatar adadin adadin abubuwan gina jiki. Sabili da haka, a lokacin da ake ci gaba mai aiki (bazara-bazara), pseudo-erantemum yana haɗuwa bayan kwanaki 20-30 tare da cikakken taki tare da mahimmancin phosphorus kuma musamman potassium. Phosphorus yana ƙarfafa gabobin ciyayi, kuma potassium yana ƙara haske da launi na ganye. Idan nitrogen ta fi rinjaye a cikin kayan miya, ganye sukan rasa bambanci (bambance bambancen). Don wannan amfanin gona, takin gargajiya ya kasance mafi mahimmanci, mahimmin tsari wanda shine kawai yake warwatse akan ƙasa kuma ana shayar dashi. A lokacin tilasta fitinar, tsire-tsire ba sa takin.
Siffofin Juyawa
Matasa na tsire-tsire na pseudo-erantemum suna halin babban aiki na haɓaka da haɓaka, sabili da haka, suna buƙatar juyawa na shekara-shekara. Ana ɗaukar sabon akwati don dasawa a ciki cm 2-3 a diamita mafi girma fiye da wanda ya gabata. Tushen tushen pseudo-erantemum yana buƙatar babban kyauta. Capacityarancin iko don tushen saurin girma a cikin shekara guda zai zama m, kuma shuka zai fara fitar da ƙananan ganyayyaki. Kamar yadda aka saba, an wanke kwandon sosai, an goge shi, an sanya magudanar ruwa a ƙasa, game da 1/4 na tukunyar tukunya. An rufe magudanar ƙasa. Binciki shuka kuma tabbatar da datsa Tushen. An dasa shuka da aka shirya, a hankali ana matse ƙasa, a hankali ana shayar da gefen tukunya kuma a karo na farko sanya shi a cikin wani wuri mai inuwa, sannan a canza shi zuwa wurin dindindin. Ana dasa tsire-tsire na manya a cikin kowace shekara 3-4. Abubuwan buƙatu masu canzawa, kamar yadda suke cikin tsire-tsire matasa.
Pan murhun ya sake zama, ko launin shuɗi mai duhu.
Sake bugun pseudo-erantemums
Abubuwan da ake amfani da itace suna yaduwa a cikin lokacin girma ta hanyar ciyawar. Daga mahaifiyar shuka, an girbe filayen apical ko tushe na ƙarar 1-2. Tushen tushe a cikin kwantena, tukwane. Cakuda peat tare da yashi ana zuba su a cikin magudanar, ana shuka tsiron. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine + 25- + 28 * C. Don kula da ingantaccen yanayi, an rufe akwati ko tukunya da itace tare da fim. Ana shuka tsire-tsire matasa a cikin kwantena ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya ko a cikin rukuni na tsire-tsire 2-3. Yanke yankan haka da sauri cewa suna kafa tushen ko da a cikin tsarkakakken ruwa ko tare da ƙari na tushe. A cikin dasa tsiren da aka dasa tushen, don dakatar da ci gaba, tsunkule fiɗa ta 2-3 cm.
Bush samuwar
Karin-erantemum yana girma sosai. A cikin shekara guda, mai tsawan yana tsawanta ta hanyar cm cm 15-20. Amma saboda haɓakar da ba'a tsara ba, bayan wasu 'yan shekaru tsinkayen da ke sama (har zuwa 1 m a tsayi) ya yi hasarar tasirin ado. Don shuka don yin ado cikin ciki na dogon lokaci, ya zama dole don batun shi zuwa kullun pruning da pinching na shekara-shekara. Tare da asarar decorativeness, ana yanke itace daga harbe matasa don yaduwa, kuma an lalata tsohuwar shuka. Maganin Trimming-erantemum yana jurewa mara zafi. Da ya fi karfi da pruning, da yawan matasa harbe da shuka siffofin. Wani fasalin yaduwar ciyawar itace halayyar tsirrai. Yanke buƙatar yankan su a cikin ƙananan tsire-tsire na uwa. Da mazan mahaifiyar shuka, da mafi wuya shi ne samun tushen rooting, ko da daga matasa harbe bayan pruning.
Kariya daga cututtuka da kwari
Daga cikin cututtukan da ke cikin pseudo-erantemum, Rotring na tushen lalacewa ta hanyar wuce haddi watering ne na kowa.
Karin kwari gama gari don tsirrai na cikin gida - aphids, whiteflies, kwari masu kwari, kwari gizo-gizo da mealybugs, samfurori masu rai waɗanda ba su da lahani ga tsirrai, mutane da dabbobi, ta yin amfani da mafita. Babban alamar kamuwa da cuta tare da mite gizo-gizo shine bayyanar farin farin gizo gizo a ƙasan ganye. Mealybug da scutellum galibi suna kan petioles a gindin ganye (launin ruwan kasa ko farin farin laushi). Aphids na mamaye duk wani nau'in shuka.
Idan an sami kwari, bi da tsirrai tare da ɗayan shirye-shiryen Iskra-bio, Fitoverm, Vertimek bisa ga umarnin da aka nuna akan kunshin. Za'a iya cire Aphids tare da maganin aiki na tsabtace taga ko an wanke shi tare da rafi na ruwa (idan kamuwa da cuta ya fara) a cikin shawa, a baya yana rufe duniya tare da fim na leaching. Lokacin da mealybug, whitefly da sauran kwari suka bayyana, yana da mahimmanci don maye gurbin babban abincin tare da sabo. Matakan rigakafin sune bayyanar da tsire-tsire na mako-mako na mintuna 1-2 tare da fitilar likita ta ultraviolet.
