Hens a cikin tattalin arzikin mazaunan ƙauyuka na zamani da ƙananan rani sune mafi yawan nau'ikan kaji. A lokaci guda, sanya hens sun fi yawa a cikin wuraren kiwon kaji da wuraren kiwo kyauta, kiwo da aka saka kwai da son rai suna ba da sabo ƙwai bakwai ga dangi, kuma ana iya ciyar da dabbobi dabbobin.
Farkon farawa manoma kaji koyaushe suna fuskantar zaɓin wacce kaji za su iya samu a gona. Dangane da kididdiga, yawancin fifiko shine akan sashin kwai da nama. Irin waɗannan tsuntsayen sun bambanta:
- unpretentiousness;
- mafi girman juriya ga cututtuka fiye da dillalai;
- daidaitawa zuwa kewayon kyauta;
- 'yancin kai don samun abinci a shafin;
- high da kuma barga kwai samar.
Kodayake yawan abincin nama na waɗannan kajin ba za a iya kira shi da alama ba, kaji tare da nauyin live na 2.5-3 kg ya dace sosai don amfanin gida. Bugu da kari, tsuntsaye masu dauke da haske ko kwarangwal matsakaici sun riga sun shirya kyankyasar tun yana da shekaru 126-130, kuma bayan wani lokaci zasu iya kawo qwai da suka hadu suka zauna a gida. Duk abin da irin, aƙalla ana samu ƙwai 250 a kowace shekara daga kwanon kwan ƙwanyayen na shekara. Irin wannan aikin ba zai taɓa kasancewa ta hanyar girma, girma zuwa 5 kilogiram na nauyin raye, amma ba da rabin ƙwai nama kaji.
Yadda za a nemo mafi kyawun nau'ikan sanya hens don gidan? Ba abin mamaki bane cewa masu dafa kaji a cikin gidajan gida suna son ganin sakamakon aikinsu da wuri-wuri, kuma kar a jira kaka.
Don cimma yarjejeniya, masu shayarwa suna gasa nama-da kwayayen kaji, wadanda kadan ne basu da yawa sosai wajen samar da kwai zuwa kwai. Amma a lokaci guda za su iya yin nauyi sau ɗaya da rabi sauƙaƙƙen layuka "ƙwararru". Kayan kiwo-nama suna da natsuwa, Hardy, suna da kyau kuma suna girma ba tare da wahala a wuraren dafa kaji da kuma wuraren kiwo ba. Koyaya, kawai kaji mai shayarwa na iya zaɓar wanda kwanon gado ya fi kyau, kuma wanne ƙuruciya zaka samu. Don yin wannan, yana da amfani a yi nazarin halaye na nau'ikan yara daban-daban kuma a gwada su da juna.
Kaji Leggorn White
Daga cikin nau'o'in kwanciyar hankali na musamman kwai, sanannen sanannen kuma tartsatsi shine White Leghorn. Shekaru da yawa, motsawa, cin abinci mai ƙarfi da kaji masu girma sun saba da manoma masu kiwon kaji a duk faɗin duniya, a matsayin masu nasara a farkon haɓakar kwai. Whitean fari fararen kaya masu nauyi zuwa 62 na tsuntsu suna kawo cikin watanni 4-5. A lokaci guda, adadin ƙwai a cikin mafi kyawun wakilan masu shayarwa ya kai guda 250. Aukar nauyin tsuntsu, idan aka kwatanta shi da nau'in nama, ƙanana ne - kilogiram 1.5-2.5 kawai. Amma tare da ciyar da dabbobin da ta dace, zaku iya samun nama mai inganci.
Ga kananan gonaki, dwarf Leggors suna da kyau, kuma tare da kwarewar kwai. Yawan nauyin wadannan kajin bai wuce kilogram 1.7 ba, tare da samar da kwai iri ɗaya kamar yadda yake cikin manyan kaji.
Yaren mutanen Holland suna kwance hens Highsex Brown da kuma Highsex White
A yau, wannan nau'in kaji ya zama farkon fara samun nau'ikan kwayoyi masu yawan gaske waɗanda suka hadu da ƙwai da nama. Misali shi ne giciye Highsex launin ruwan kasa da fari. Ingancin Yaren mutanen Holland masu matukar inganci ba zasu iya gasa da kaji masu nauyi ba, amma tun tsawon watanni hudu suna yin yawo sosai, suna kawo manyan kwaya 65-gram. Shekaru guda, hens suna samar da ƙarar rikodi na samarwa - ƙwai 300. Yawan aiki baya fada tsawon shekaru 2-3.
Kayan Lafiya Brown
Loman Brown mai giciye-guntu da aka samu ta hanyar wakilin Jamusawa a madadin wakilan Plymouthrock da Rhode Island nau'in mallakar kwai. Kwanciya Loman Brown bisa ga sunan launin ruwan kasa launin ruwan hoda kuma yana da hali mai natsuwa, kwanciyar hankali don ci gaba da harkar kiwo mai zaman kansa. Waɗannan tsuntsayen ba su da kunya, mai taurin kai kuma suna da albarka sosai.
Baya ga waɗannan fa'idodin, mutum ba zai kasa yin suna ba da sunan-ƙimar ingancin adana irin wannan kaji. Suna cinye wadataccen abinci, amma daga watanni 5.5 suna shirye su yi sauri. A matsakaita, kwai yana nauyin gradu 62-64, yana da harsashi mai haske mai launin ruwan kasa, halayyar waɗannan jayen suna kwance. Har zuwa kwai 320 ana iya samarwa daga mace a kowace shekara, wanda hakan yana tasiri sosai kan zaban sanya ƙyallen.
Kayan Tsibirin Rhode
Broken Brown magabatan - werean Rodo na tsibirin Rhode sun kasance a cikin Amurka ta hanyar haɗa layin nasarori da yawa na nasara don samar da babban tsuntsu nama da ƙwai. Wadannan jigon ja da jan kunne tare da kyawawan launuka masu launin kore da baƙaƙe tare da ƙafafu masu ƙarfi, ƙananan fuka-fukai da berayen rawaya suna jan hankalin masu gida ba wai kawai tare da kyakkyawar kwai ba, har ma da nauyin gawawwakin nama.
Girman jikin matashin zakara ya kai kilo 3.8, kuma kaji a kilo daya suke da sauki. Tsuntsu yana fara yin rawa a cikin watanni bakwai, kuma a cikin shekara zai iya kawo har zuwa qwai ɗari biyu.
Kaji na asali Rasha White
Ga da yawa daga manoma wuraren kiwon kaji, asalin yadda tsuntsu ke zama mai yanke hukunci mai tasiri kan zabin sanya hens. Wannan hanyar tana da ma'ana, tunda nau'ikan gida koyaushe sun fi dacewa da yanayin zama, sun saba da abincin da ake amfani da shi da kuma sauyin yanayi. Tsarin Russkaya Belya, wanda aka buge a tsakiyar ƙarni na karshe, shine zuriyar White Leghorn da tsuntsayen gida, waɗanda suka zama mafi girma da ƙoshin aiki yayin zaɓin.
A wata biyar da haihuwa, kwanciya hens na wannan irin ba farkon farin qwai yin la'akari har zuwa gram 58. Fiye da ƙwai 200 za'a iya samu daga mutum ɗaya a shekara.
Haka kuma, ragin samar da kwai baya raguwa har cikin mawuyacin yanayi, alal misali, a cikin dogon lokacin zafi ko kuma rashin isasshen abinci mai gina jiki.
Jinyar kaji Adler azurfa
Adler azurfa sanya hens kyawawan ƙaƙƙarfan gida ne na kiwo na gida wanda aka samo a cikin sasar Krasnodar. Kayan Nama da kwai sun haɗu da fasalin yawancin shahararrun shahararrun dabbobi waɗanda shayarwa ta zaɓa kamar magabatan tsuntsu mai launi iri.
Ga tsuntsaye na wannan irin mai ƙarfi kwarangwal ne halayyar, nuna mai kyau nauyi riba, m hali da enviable juriya. Garkunan zinare na katako ba za su bar masu su ba tare da ƙwai ba, kuma yara masu ƙoshin lafiya za su ba da kyakkyawan abincin abincin.
Jinyar hens Kotlyarevskaya
Wani nau'in Hardy wanda aka yi niyya don ƙwai da nama na asalin Caucasian shine sanya hens na irin Kotlyarevskaya. Tsawon shekara guda, kaji suna iya bayar da har ƙwai 240, kuma tare da kyakkyawar kulawa da ciyarwa, samar da kwai baya raguwa shekaru da yawa. Llsawon ƙwaiƙwaila masu nauyin digiri 63 suna da launin ruwan hoda mai santsi. Hens suna da cikakke, maimakon manyan. Bawai kawai suna sanya kishin hens ba, har ma suna da kyawawan gado, wanda kuma yana shafar zaɓin mafi kyawun nau'ikan sanya hens don gida.
Jinyar kaji Zagorsk kifin
Masarauta masu kiwo a kusa da Moscow sun sami nau'ikan kwanciya na gado, mai ban sha'awa ga masu mallakar gidajen. Waɗannan kaji kaji na Zagorsk, mai suna don godiya ga haske, kyakkyawan inuwar nama mai kyau. Girman zakarin wannan nau'in ya kai kilogiram 3.6, kuma hens na iya yin nauyi zuwa kilogram 2.7.
Mai fara kiwon kaji zai iya jawo hankalin ta saboda maza da mata anan sun riga sun bambanta da wayewar gari daga junan su. Kuma a lokacin girma, lokacin da launi ya zama cikakke, roosters da hens lalle ba za su rikita batun ba.
Samun manyan kwanon da aka sanya a shekara suna ba wa mai shi har ƙwai 260 waɗanda suke yin kimanin gram 60.
Jinyar kaji Pushkinskaya taguwar da motley
Shekarun kalanda, Pushkin mai kwance-mai-motley na kwanciya yana iya bada ƙwai zuwa 270, yayin da mace tayi nauyi kimanin kilo 2, kuma zakara ta yi girma zuwa kilogiram 2.5. Tare da irin wadannan halaye masu kayatarwa, mutum zai iya lura da bayanan tsuntsaye na waje. Roosters da hens suna da kyan gani. A kan wani farin asalin tushen rushewa, baƙar fata da launin ruwan kasa suna bayyane a fili tare da ƙarni daban-daban. Kafafu suna da haske, gemun ya yi karfi sosai, scallops da gemu suna da haske ja.
Don fili, wannan nau'in kwanciya hens yana da kyau saboda bai san yadda zai tashi ba kuma baya buƙatar tsawan manyan fences.
Tun daga lokacin tsufa, an bambanta kaji ta hanyar jimrewa, ana samun saukin rayuwa cikin adanawa, su da kansu suna cikin son rai da nasara suna neman abinci. Bugu da kari, naman kaji yana da babban gani da dandano.
Chickens na Kuchinsky asali ranar tunawa
Mafi kyawun halayen ƙwai da nama a cikin ɗayan sune ɗayan juzu'in Kuchinsky. Rashin daidaituwa ga yanayin tsarewa, maimakon farkon-ripening da kyawawan tsuntsayen suna shirye su ba wa mai shi har ƙwai 180 a shekara. A lokaci guda, wanda ya isa ya manta game da samar da nama. Yawan zakara ya kai kilogram 3.7, hens a kilogram sun fi sauki fiye da maza.
Yaran gidaje
Tsohuwar, ingantattun nau'ikan dabbobi ba su raguwa da shahara a manyan gonaki, da kuma farfajirai masu zaman kansu, inda kawai ake kiyaye wasu tsuntsaye. Kuma duk da haka rayuwa ta ci gaba, don haka masu shayarwa suna ta bayar da wasu sabbin hanyoyi da nau'o'in dabbobi.
Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan sababbin isannun abubuwa shine manyan hanyoyin kiwo. Su ƙwai ne masu ƙwayaye da ƙoshin nama-ƙoshinsu, waɗanda aka samo su daga mafi kyawun wakilai na duniyar kaji.
Godiya ga hazaka mai aiki da jini, masu shayarwa sun sami damar samun ingantaccen garken garke tare da sifofin da suka mamaye magabatansu, wato, tare da haɓakar kwai da kuma kyakkyawan kayan abinci. A lokaci guda, sanya hens ba mai ɗaukar hoto bane, mai sauƙin sauƙi da sauƙin daidaitawa zuwa yanayin yanayi na tsarewa.
