Stromancer, ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan wakilan dangin Marantov, ana kiransa kyakkyawa tare da halayyar wahala ta hanyar bazata. Abinda ke nan anan ba wai kawai cewa al'adar wannan dakin tana bukatar samar da kulawa mai rikitarwa ba ne kuma tana kiyaye yanayin girma. Stromantha yana canzawa koyaushe, don metamorphoses da motsi na ganyen ganuwa, Ina so inyi kallo har abada. Ko dai ta ɗaga ganye sama, ko shirya su a sarari, ko ma ɓoye kyawawan halayen kuma "fallasa" kallon daga ɗayan gefen, stromantha koyaushe yana kasancewa cikin motsi kuma yana canzawa sosai. Kuma ya cancanci duk ƙoƙarin: tsarin ganye mai marmari, kyawawan layuka masu hoto, kyakkyawar kyakkyawa na shuka suna da ban mamaki sosai cewa stromantha na iya zama tauraro na farko a cikin kowane tarin.
Stromantha jini ja, ko Stromantha kugu "Triostar" (Stromanthe Thalia 'Triostar').
Zane-zane masu ban mamaki da yanayin hadaddun kayan maye
Ta yaya ba za ku iya ba da wannan Morant ba - stromantha ko karafa (karafarini) - haɗa shi da sauran tsire-tsire yana da wahala. Duk da wasu kamanceceniya da calathea, mai tsawaitawa yayi tsaye koda baya ga asalin sa. Plantan itace da ke ɗaukar hoto mai ɗaukar nauyi, wanda kowane daki na kayan lambu ke da kyau, na ban mamaki, na ɗorewa kuma a hanyoyi da yawa na girgiza bayyanar ta haɗu da halayen rikitarwa tare da nesa nesa ba daidai ba. Maranta yayi kama da tsuntsaye ko kyawawan kayan ado.
A al'adun daki, da dama nau'in halittun stromantes suna da kyawawan halaye da nau'ikan jinsin guda - jini ja (stromanthe sangu Guinea) Dangane da rarrabewar Botanical zamani, an fi sanya shi ga jinsin kugu stromantha (santa), amma muna da wannan sunan sunan kusan ba a sani ba.
Bayanin mahaɗa
Abubuwa masu rarrafe ne masu perennials na herbaceous perennials wanda ke haifar da kyakkyawan sod na manyan ganye suna zaune akan dogayen sanda. Tsawon tsattsarka daga matsakaicin nauyin 100 daga 100 zuwa 100. Rage, sau da yawa kusan an rage shi, harbe-harbe da yawa a cikin bushes ba a bayyane yake, da alama cewa bushes na stromantha an kafa shi ne kawai ta yawan ganye. Obovate, m-lanceolate, ganyen wannan kyakkyawa a tsawon sa ya kai 35 cm.
Launin launi na shuka shine mafi yawa ba misali. Saƙon launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan hoda na ɗigon fata da launin launi mai laushi na gefen gefen bayan faranti yana maimaita shi tare da alamu masu launi a saman babba. Launin tushe na ganye yana da bakin koren kore, galibi yana kusa da zaitun ko fadama, kuma asymmetrical spots na ruwan hoda, cream, fari, koren haske mai launuka daban-daban da girma suna ba shi hoto da haske. A wannan yanayin, sautin gefen gefen takarda wani lokacin yakan bugu daban-daban kuma kamar "creeps" sama, ko bazai iya maimaitawa ba kuma kawai ya bambanta da greenery.
Tsarin launuka iri daya yana kama da gashin fuka-fukai, sannan allura akan rarar fir, sannan kayan adon masanan zamani. Tsarin ganyen shima baƙon abu bane: suna bayyana satin ko karammiski, kamar an yi su da kayan ƙyalƙyali. Duk wani gefen tsiron da ya ɓoye ganye daga gare ku, zai gamsar da kyau. Thearfin canza matsayin, "motsa" ganye da kuma ƙara ƙarfafa bambancin ja da kore a cikin Stromanthus ya banbanta da gaske. Amma ma'anar ba kwata-kwata ta halin musamman na son rai, amma cikin bayyanar rana. Bar tsiro koyaushe yana faɗar rana. Gaskiya ne, ba shi da sauƙi a gano ɓarkewar rana a cikin stromants: wani lokacin yana da alama cewa babu wani tsarin kwata-kwata a cikin "halayyar" stromant (matsayin yana shafar zafin jiki, guguwar iska, ƙaramar girgiza shi). Amma ya kasance hakanan zai yiwu, ganyayyaki suna motsawa koyaushe, suna juyawa, suna canzawa da kusurwa, ko dai juya a sarari, sannan "rufe" tsaye, faduwa ƙasa ko motsi sama. Mafi yawan lokuta, ba shi yiwuwa a lura da wannan motsi, sai dai da ƙara amo lokacin da ganyayyaki suka taɓa. Godiya ga wannan baiwa, kullun yana canzawa, yana sabuntawa, kowace rana yana da ɗan bambanci, ana sabuntawa kuma an canza shi sosai.
Yawancin furanni na stromants ba koyaushe bane an lura dashi, kuma gaba daya a banza. Duk da matsayin sa a matsayin tsire-tsire mai ƙoshin ornamental-deciduous, fure wannan shuka shima yana da kyau. Flowersanan furanni masu fasalin launin fure tare da launin ja ko fari na wani sabon abu mai ban sha'awa exude wani ƙanshin ƙanshi kuma ana tattara su cikin kyawawan abubuwan ban mamaki na inflorescences. All stromants Bloom a lokuta daban-daban, mafi sau da yawa a watan Fabrairu ko bazara, amma wasu nau'ikan suna fure a lokacin rani. Gaskiya ne, wannan kyakkyawa yana da mahimmancin hasara: wani mu'ujiza mai ƙanshi da ke ƙawata bushes, amma yana kaiwa ga gaskiyar cewa stromantha yana rasa kyawawan ganye, bushes ɗin ya zama da wuya kuma ya faɗi baya, shuka yana raguwa cikin girma kuma an dawo da talauci. Saboda haka, yawancin masu noman furanni sun gwammace su bar jin daɗin jin daɗin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarancin jin daɗi na ƙaunar da kullun kayan ado na stromants.
Stromantha jini ja, ko Stromantha kugu "Triostar" (Stromanthe Thalia 'Triostar').
Iri iri-iri masu jinin jini
Mafi kyawun nau'in jini jajaye sun haɗa da:
- "Triostar" tare da haske, kusan fararen manyan aibobi a saman farantin kuma launin ruwan giya mai tsayi na ƙananan gefen da ƙananan itace;
- "Tauraruwar Stripe" - kyakkyawar kyakkyawar shunayya mai haske, a saman ɓangaren ganyayyaki waɗanda ratsin asymmetric mai haske yana haskakawa a tsakiyar jijiya;
- "Multicolor" tare da haske kore da fari aibobi da yashwa a kan wani mummunan yanayin faranti da burgundy ja;
- Hortikolor tare da filayen zaitun rawaya;
- "Maroon" tare da tsakiyar jijiya, watercolor juya zuwa duhu gefuna da mai ban mamaki juya.
Yi hankali: a ƙarƙashin sunan "m stromantha" (stromanthe amabilis), ana ci gaba da rarraba maiɗaɗɗen (ctenanthe amabilis), wanda aka daɗe ana rarrabe shi mallakar wani nau'in halittar halittar wani daban da ba shi da tsayayya. Wannan tsire-tsire ne karami kuma iyakantacce zuwa girman 25 cm kawai tare da ganye mai faɗi-m har zuwa 20 cm tsayi tare da haske mai haske, wanda aka yi wa ado da kusan yanayin duhu-bishiyar Kirsimeti da dawowar azurfa.
Nice Ctenanthe (Ctenanthe amabilis).
Girma da kulawa da stromantas a gida
'Ya'ya tsintsayen sarakuna suna da matukar kyau da kuma karkatacciyar koyarwa, amma kyawawan halaye ne masu kyawu. Ba daidaituwa ba ne cewa ana bada shawarar su girma a kananan gida-kore, wuraren nuna fure, filayen fure, filaye, rumbuna da kanana, kuma ba a cikin ɗakunan zama ba. Haka ne, kuma a karkashin ikon girma stromants kawai gogaggen lambu. Amma wannan baya nufin kwatankwacin cewa yana da kyau ka ƙi su kuma ya kamata ka ji tsoron duk matsalolin da zasu yiwu. Wannan sissy da gaske yana ƙaunar ba sanyi, ko zayyanawa, ko ƙarancin zafi. Amma baya buƙatar yanayi na musamman na hunturu, kuma idan kuna samun kulawa mai inganci da gaske, zaku kuma kula da yanayin sosai, stromantha zai zama tauraruwar girman farko a cikin gidan ku. Kuma daidai dacewa a cikin tarin wasu tsirrai na cikin gida. Nessarfin inganci da kyakkyawa na ganyen ganye na stromantha “ba a shakkar shi ba”, yana da haske sosai cewa ba ya tsoron kusancin zuwa ko daɗaɗan ɗimbin furanni.
Haske na stromants
Duk da duk lokacin da rana take bayyana, mai kara bashi bukatar kusancin haske a karkashin hasken rana. Haka kuma, hasken kai tsaye kawai yana cutar da tsiron, kuma haskoki sun bar konewa, ganyayyaki sun narke kuma ba a mayar dasu sosai. Amma sauran abubuwan da ake buƙata don hasken stromanta cike da jin daɗi ba mamaki unpretentiousness. Ba ta son kawai wuraren rana da inuwa, kuma za ta iya jure wa kowane yanayin daidai.
Wuri mai haske da aka shimfiɗa zai dace da mai stromant har ma da inuwa mai haske, da madaidaiciyar inuwa mai haske tare da bambance-bambance a cikin matakin haske, da kuma wuri a ciki tare da fitilar wucin gadi. Babban abu ba shine ya wuce tsarin matsakaici ba kuma kada ya wuce gona da iri. Akwai mahimman togiya ga wannan dokar: nau'ikan masu zubar da jini-ja, waɗanda suke da launuka masu launuka masu yawa akan ganyayyaki (sama da tabarau 2) masu dogaro da haske kuma zasu rasa launin halayyar su a inuwa m. Irin waɗannan stromants suna iya haɓaka ne kawai cikin hasken haske.
A cikin hunturu, ba a daidaita haske don stromants, amma ban da nau'ikan iri dabam dabam, waɗanda ke son babban kwanciyar hankali na yanayi (yana da kyau a tantance sigogi lokacin siyan shuka). A wannan yanayin, ana tura stromants zuwa wani wuri mai haske sosai don rama sifofin yanayi.
Stromantha jini ja ne, ko kuma Stromantha kugu (Stromanthe Thalia).
Zazzabi mai nutsuwa
Ofayan mafi halaye na yau da kullun na stromants shine matsanancin ƙaunar zafi. Wadannan tsire-tsire ba wai kawai suna son yanayin dumi ba, har ma suna matukar tsoron duk wani canje-canje a cikin yanayin da suke dacewa, har ma fiye da haka, sanyaya. Limitarancin iya gwargwado na yanayin zafi shine digiri 20 daga bazara zuwa kaka da kuma digiri 18 a cikin hunturu. A cikin yanayin mai sanyi, har ma da na ɗan gajeren lokaci, ba za a iya kiyaye stromants ba. Amma iyaka ta sama yafi “blur”: stromants basa tsoron zafi da zafi har zuwa 30 digiri Celsius. Zai fi kyau a kula da yanayin kwanciyar hankali, danshi, yanayin dakin da ba a canza shi a duk shekara ko a lokacin rani don ci gaba da zama cikin yanayi mai zafi, kuma a cikin hunturu - a zazzabi na kimanin digiri 20. Amma yana da kyau a jagoranci babban ƙoƙarin daidai ga kwanciyar hankali, hana canje-canje masu ƙarfi a cikin alamomi, raguwa mai sauƙi da haɓaka yanayin zafi ba tare da tsalle-tsalle ba.
Stromants suna kula sosai da yawan zafin jiki. Ba za su iya tsayawa ba kawai zayyana (kuma musamman maɗaurin sanyi) har ma da kowane bambanci tsakanin yanayin zafi na substrate da iska, saman da kayan ganuwar da taga sills. Ba za a iya sanya waɗannan tsire-tsire kusa da kayan aikin dumama ba, masu sanyaya iska, a ƙasa, kusa da gilashin ko ganuwar, a kowane wuri inda zazzabi zai iya faruwa. A kowane hali, ba'a fitar da stromantha zuwa cikin iska mai tsabta kuma ba a sanya shi cikin ɗakuna kullun a cikin bazara.
Watering da zafi
Don nemo ingantaccen tsarin aikin ban ruwa ga masu maye, yakamata mutum yayi haƙuri kuma ya dogara da kulawa koyaushe. Duk da buƙatu na gaba ɗaya, a zahiri, kowane tsire-tsire kowane yana buƙatar mita na ban ruwa na kansa (zazzabi, bayyanar haske, da sauran dalilai na iya shafar shi). Babban burin shi ne kiyaye turɓayawar ƙasa, don hana ko dai bushewa ko bushewar ƙasa a tukunyar. Alamar ƙasa wacce ke nuna buƙatar wannan hanya ita ce bushewar saman. Ana iya kiyaye danshi na ƙasa a cikin shekara, kawai a cikin lokacin hunturu ne ke samar da matakan matsakaici kuma mai saurin dacewa da ƙimar ƙananan danshi na danshi. Amma koyaushe yana da kyau a mai da hankali kan matakin bushewar ƙasa. Wani fasalin shi ne cewa ruwan da yake bayyana a cikin kwandunan ana buƙatar jan shi da sauri.
Amma yana da matukar wahala fiye da lura da yawan danshi a ƙasa da kuma tabbatar da iskancin iska da yake da aminci ga masu ƙawanya. Wannan tsiron, a wata 'yar karamar karkacewa daga yanayin babban zafi, yana fara shan wahala daga bushewar ƙarshen ganyayyakin kuma yana sake ƙanana da leavesan ganye kaɗan. Don wannan al'adar, yanayin zafi na 85-90% yana da kyau, ma'ana, alamomi waɗanda za a iya sake karanta su kawai a cikin hotunan furanni da kuma misalinsu. Amma a cikin yanayin ɗakin, mai kututture zai kasance mai gamsarwa tare da alamun nuna kusanci ga wannan ƙa'idar, aƙalla 60-70%. Idan kun shigar da humidifiers kusa da stromantha ko sanya tukunya a kan tire tare da ɗigon lemo, gansakuka, yumɓu da aka kumbura har ƙasa ba ta taɓa ruwan ba, zaku iya ƙirƙirar tushen yanayin zafi mai kyau. Daidaita humidifier tare da maimaitawa akai akai, zaku kirkiri wani yanki mara dadi da zai wuce fulawa ko indomi. Fesa yau da kullun ko fiye da lokaci, ba tare da la'akari da kakar ba, ta yin amfani da nozzles da aka tarwatsa don a watsar da danshi kuma a rarraba shi a fadin faranti.
Don stromants, ruwa mai tsafta tare da alamomi masu laushi ana amfani da shi, yana sarrafa matuƙar sarrafa gwargwadonsa: ruwan ya kamata ya ɗan ɗanɗaɗa da iska sama da iska kusa da tsire-tsire, digiri na 2-4 yana da zafi fiye da substrate.
Inflorescences Stromants jini ja, ko Stromants kugu (Stromanthe Thalia).
Abincin abinci mai gina jiki na stromants
Duk da duk girmanta da ainihinta, mai saurin maye bashi da bukatar kasa mai gina jiki da kuma miya mai tsayi. Noman ciyawar wannan shuka tana da hankali: ciyar da wuce gona da iri na iya haifar da mummunar matsalar rashin lafiya. Suna yin takin na ɗan wani lokaci, kawai daga Mayu zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta. Kuma yawan suturar saman kada ya wuce aikin 1 cikin kwanaki 14. Ya kamata a rage rabin takin da masana'anta ta bada taki.
Don stromants, ya fi kyau a zaɓi gauraya takin gargajiya na musamman don tsire-tsire na ganye ko kayan takin ƙasa da ke ɗauke da ƙarin abubuwan alama. Idan kun sami damar samowa, sayi takin zamani don arrowroot.
Masu haifar da rashin nasara
A zahiri, pruning wannan shuka ya sauko ne kawai don cire shinge don kada ƙyamar ƙwayar sods da ganye ba ta da damuwa. Da zaran alamun farko na sakin ganye suna bayyana, zai fi kyau a cire su da wuri, a hana yin fure.
Stromantha jini ja, ko Stromantha kugu "Triostar" (Stromanthe Thalia 'Triostar').
Dasawa, kwantena da abubuwa
Domin mai kututturewa don ci gaba da al'ada, dole ne a dasa ta a cikin gaurayawar ƙasa. Tsarin ƙasa mai kwance da yawa don stromants yana da mahimmanci kamar acidity (ba ya yarda da alkaline har ma da slightlyasa mai santsi). Mafi kyaun abubuwan da ke cikin wannan shuka na cikin gida sune shirye-shiryen da aka yi don arrowroot, rhododendrons, ko a kalla dabino ko cakuda bisa ƙasa, zuwa wanda kashi 1/3 na peat, humus, ƙasa mai yashi da yashi da ƙaramin adadin gawayi aka haɗa.
An yi amfani da stromant ba ta hanyar girma ba, amma kowace shekara, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ba. Za'a iya yin aikin da kyau a watan Fabrairu ko farkon Maris, amma a watan Afrilu-Mayu. An canja wurin daskararwa zuwa babban akwati tare da sabon sabon babban magudanar ruwa. Idan babu inda za a ƙara ƙarfin, to, an rarraba shuka kuma an dasa shi cikin ƙananan tukwane.
An aiwatar da aikin dasawa a hankali, ƙoƙarin kada a tuntuɓar rhizome kuma kada ku rushe babban lalataccen coma. Ko da lokacin da aka kasu kashi da yawa, zai fi kyau a yanka sodar ko a raba su da hannu, ba tare da kwantar da tushen asalin kasar ba. An rage girman zurfin, ana sanya shuka mai zurfi fiye da ganga na baya.
An zaba takamaiman tukwane don masu bada kai - masu faɗi, amma ƙasa kaɗan kamar yadda zai yiwu, barin shuka ya yi girma a haɓaka da girma sod (yayi daidai da gajere, rhizome na sama). A lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin tukwane, tsawo wanda ya zarce nisa, inji yana shan wahala daga danshi da dampness.
Cututtuka da kwari na stromants
Stromantha yana haɗu da yanayi mai kyau tare da juriya da kyau don magance cuta. Matsaloli a kan shuka suna fitowa ne kawai idan an keta sahihiyar kulawa ta ƙare. Yanayi mai sanyi da yanayin damuna na iya haifar da jujjuya asalinsu da tushe, da ƙarancin zafi - yaduwar ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo (musamman masu ja) da sikelin kwari. Zai fi kyau magance kowace matsala nan da nan tare da maganin kashe kwari da fungicides, ƙarin su idan ya cancanta tare da aikin injiniyan, cire ƙwayar kwari na kwari (ko rushewa daga sassan da aka lalace).
Matsaloli gama gari a cikin samar da ciyayi:
- bushewa da tukwici na ganye, bayyanar launin ruwan kasa da laushi mara nauyi;
- Rotting na mai tushe da wilting da ganye lokacin da damp ko a cikin sanyi;
- ganye curl - bushewa ko hasken rana kai tsaye;
- discoloration to launin ruwan kasa, discoloration da yellowing na ganye ba tare da canza zane tare da wuce kima saman miya;
- Rashin launi mai mottled a cikin ƙarami ko hasken wuce kima.
Yaduwa da Stromanthus
A kan sikelin masana'antu, ana yada yaduwar ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire a cikin ciyawar da kuma iri. Amma ƙarshen ba shi da dacewa sosai don kiwo na gida: tsaba ba da wuya ba ne (kuma lokacin da kuka yi hadaya da tsire-tsire na ado a cikin ni'imar furanni), sun kusan zama a kan siyar, kuma shuka yana buƙatar yanayi biyu da mawuyacin yanayi. Sabili da haka, an fi son mafi kyawun hanya don rarraba bushes da cuttings na apical.
Za'a iya tafiyar rabuwa da jijiyoyin wuya a kowace juyawa. Hanya mai sauri don rarrabe kowane daji na cikin 2-3 na sods yana ba ku damar samun tsire-tsire matasa waɗanda ke dacewa da sauri ga sabon yanayi, batun zaɓi na ba shi da girma sosai. Bayan saukowa, don stromants, yana da buqatar kula da yanayin zafi sosai, yanki inuwa mai ruɓi da hana ƙura ta bushe daga bushewa. Kuna iya sanya shuka a ƙarƙashin kaho.
Yankan ba yafi rikitarwa ba. An yanke filawar apical a cikin bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara (an yanke cut ɗin a ƙarƙashin ganye na biyu ko na uku, ko kuma wurin da aka haɗe ganye a ganye tare da tushe) suna da tushe sosai a cikin ruwa, amma dole ne a sanya su a ƙarƙashin tafiya ko fim.
Wasu nau'ikan suna haifar da ƙarshen harbe daughteraryen ganye na kwanduna wanda za'a iya kafe a cikin substrate ƙarƙashin kaho.
