Juniper a cikin hoton zane mai faɗiJuniper (Latin Juniperus), juniper ko Heather - wani tsiro ne mai tsinkaye na itace (bishiya ko itace). Ya kasance ga dangin Cypress. Za a iya samun ruwan Juniper a Arewacin Hemisphere daga yankuna masu dutsen zuwa Arctic.
Karl Linney ya haɗu da tsohon tsohuwar sunan tsiro a cikin rarrabuwa; tsohuwar mawaƙin Roman Virgil ya rubuta game da juniper a cikin ayyukansa. Halittar juniper yana da kusan nau'in 70.
Yawan tsirrai masu tsalle-tsalle suna girma a cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka, kuma nau'ikan bishiyoyi 15 da ƙari mafi tsayi suna yaɗu cikin gandun daji na Bahar Rum, Asiya ta Tsakiya, da Amurka.Wadannan tsire-tsire na iya rayuwa shekaru 600-3000. Suna tsarkake iska sosai.
Ana shuka bishiran Juniper a cikin lambuna na 1-3 m, wasu lokuta bishiyoyi suna girma (4, 8, wani lokacin 12 m high). A tsaye kara rassan da kyau. A cikin tsire-tsire matasa, haushi yana da launin ja-launin ruwan kasa, daga ƙarshe ya zama launin ruwan kasa. An tattara ganye allura da yawa a cikin wani whorl. Dioecious shuka. Mace-macen mata masu siffar oval sun kai diamita na 5-9 mm, ana fentin kore, suna dandano mai daɗi, mai yaji. Male cones ne elongated spikelets located a cikin axils na ganye, fentin mai launin rawaya mai haske. Cone-Berry ripens a cikin shekara ta biyu - an rufe shi a hankali rufe fleshy Sikeli, kowane Berry ya ƙunshi kusan 10 tsaba.
A zamanin da, an dauki juniper a matsayin magani mai kyau ga cizon maciji. A cikin Rasha, ana yin jita-jita daga juniper - madara ba ta zama mai daɗi a ciki har ma da zafi. Tun zamanin da, tushen, berries, da kuma juniper mai mahimmanci an yi amfani dashi don ƙirƙirar magungunan da ke magance cututtuka na narkewa, urinary, tsarin juyayi, tsarin numfashi, tsarin jijiyoyin jini, da sauransu. Ana amfani da ganyen ƙasa a matsayin kayan yaji don nama, suna shirya soups, biredi, pastes. An yi fasahohi, gwangwani na itace.
Juniper za a iya girma a cikin lambu kuma a gida, samuwar bonsai ya shahara.
Yadda za a shuka juniper a cikin lambu
Yadda za a dasa juniper a cikin hoto buɗe ƙasa
Juniper dasa a cikin ƙasa ne yake gudana a cikin bazara (Afrilu-Mayu), dasa shuki a cikin kaka ya halatta (Oktoba).
Shuka mai hoto ne, hoto ne na juniper talakawa na yin haƙuri da ƙyar.
Juniper ba picky game da ƙasa ba, amma ya fi girma a kan m, sako-sako, yashi kasa.
- Shuka tsire-tsire masu shekaru 3-4 zuwa ƙasa a cikin ƙasa, wanda za'a iya sayansu a cikin wuraren ɗora ƙuri'a da wuraren lambun
- Yana da kyau idan seedling zai kasance a cikin akwati mai nauyin 3-5 - sun fi dacewa suna ɗaukar tushe kuma suna motsawa da sauri a cikin girma.
- Yi hankali da bincika allurai don alamun cutar.
- Yi amfani da hanyar earthen coma transshipment hanya lokacin saukowa. Idan ka lalata tukwicin Tushen, shuka zai sha wahala sosai har abada.
- Seedlings daga kwantena za a iya dasa a ko'ina cikin girma zamani (sai dai kwanaki masu zafi).
- Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu buɗewa ana iya shuka su cikin bazara ko ƙarshen bazara tare da yanayin dumin yanayi. A kowane hali, yana da kyau a riƙe tushen kusan tsawon awanni 2 a cikin mai haɓaka haɓaka.
Lokacin dasa shuki tsakanin manyan tsire-tsire, kiyaye nesa tsakanin 1.5-2 m, don ƙaramin ƙananan 0.5 m ya isa. Girma na ramin dasa yakamata ya zama sau 2-3 girman tushen tushen. Don ƙananan tsire-tsire, girman 50/50/50 sun isa.
Shirya ramin rami makonni 2 kafin sauka. A kasan, shimfiɗa shimfidar yanki na yashi mai kauri, cika 2/3 na ramin tare da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki (ƙasa mai yumbu, yashi, peat a cikin rabo na 1: 1: 2 tare da 200-300 g na nitroammophoska). Budurcin ruwan lemo ya kamata ya ƙara rabin guga na takin; Za a iya ƙara lãka idan ƙasa ta cika.
Lokacin dasa shuki Cossack Juniper, ƙara 200-300 g na dolomite gari. A cikin makonni 2 kasar gona za ta zauna kuma za ku iya shuka. Sanya seedling a cikin rami, ƙara ƙasa ba tare da takin ba. Tushen wuyan ƙaramin seedling yakamata ya kasance tare da saman ƙasa, kuma don manyan, protrude 5-10 cm. Bayan dasa, ruwa. Lokacin da ruwa ya tuna, mulch kusa-kara da'irar tare da Layer na sawdust, kwakwalwan kwamfuta, peat 5-8 cm lokacin farin ciki.
Yadda ake kulawa da juniper a bude
Kula da juniper ba zai haifar muku da matsala da yawa ba.
Watse
Za a bukaci ruwa kawai lokacin tsananin zafi. A ƙarƙashin kowane tsire-tsire na manya, ƙara lita 10-20 na ruwa. A shuka ne da abin zai shafa da maraice spraying sau ɗaya a mako. Sassauta kasar gona lokaci-lokaci, amma kada kuyi zurfi don kada ku lalata tsarin tushen, cire ciyawa.
Manyan miya
Manyan riguna: a cikin bazara, watsa 30-40 g na nitroammophoski a cikin da'irar-kusa, rufe a cikin ƙasa, zuba. Idan ƙasa ta cika, ana iya aiwatar da irin wannan hanyar kowane wata.
Turawa
Juniper daji yana da kyau don kyawunsa. Ana aiwatar da ingantaccen girki lokacin ƙirƙirar shinge, amma a nan ya cancanci bincika motsinku, tunda yawan haɓaka yayi jinkirin, daji zai murmure na dogon lokaci. Tsabtace tsabtace cikin fall: cire fashe, bushe, harbe marasa girma, rassan. Bayan datsa, ya kamata a kula da tsirrai da da'irar kusa da ruwa na Bordeaux.
Tsara don hunturu
Dankin yana da sanyi mai tsaurin sanyi - bushes mafi girma bazai buƙatar tsari don hunturu, kawai kuna buƙatar cire shi tare da ɗaure rassan tare da igiya don kada su rabu da dusar ƙanƙara da iska. Rufe matasa bushes tare da rassan spruce.
Juyawa
Juyawa shine babban damuwa ga tsirrai da yawa. Zai fi kyau kada ku dame juniper sake, amma idan gaggawa ne yakamata ku yi komai yadda ya kamata. Dole ne a shirya daji don dasawa. A cikin bazara, motsi a cikin da'irar a nesa na 30-40 cm daga akwati, yi yankan a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin bayoneti felu.
Ta haka ne, kun yanke tushen sashin matasa daga babban tushen tsarin. Daga kaka, da iyakar bazara mai zuwa, sabbin Tushen zasu haifar a cikin cinikin datti na wucin gadi - dasawa zuwa wani sabon wuri zai zama sama ko mara zafi. Shirya rami saukowa a cikin hanyar da aka bayyana a sama.
Cutar da kwari
Kishiya cuta ce ta fungal. Spruce-like thickenings suna bayyana akan harbe, allura, cones, rassan kwarangwal, kumburi, swellings suna bayyana akan gangar jikin a sashin matattarar tushe, haushi ya bushe, faduwa, raunuka marassa tushe. A needles juya rawaya, fara crumble, da abin zai shafa rassan za bushe. Dole ne a dauki matakan gaggawa don ceton shuka. Cire sassan da abin ya shafa kuma a zubar da su, a bi da maganin 1% na sulusin sulusin, sa mai a cikin sassan tare da manne na Rannet ko lambun var.
Shiga, cutar kansa, cutar daji, alakar cutar bishiyoyi ita ce wasu cututtukan cututtukan da ke iya faruwa a cikin juniper. Hanyar magani daidai take.
Akwai yiwuwar karin kwari na juniper sune kwari masu hakar ma'adinai, aphids, ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, da kwari. Wajibi ne a aiwatar da maganin kashe kwari tare da maimaitawa bayan mako biyu.
Kulawar Juniper a Gida
Juniper bonsai hoto
Don girma a gida, Sinanci da juniper sun fi dacewa.
Yadda ake shuka
Shuka matasa a cikin tukunyar filaye da ƙasa mai gina jiki (ƙasar turɓaya, yashi, peat, ƙara nitrofoska). Tabbatar an sanya magudanar ruwa a gindin tank.
Haske da zazzabi
Ana buƙatar haske, amma tare da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
Matsakaicin zafin jiki na haɓaka na al'ada shine kusan 25 ° C. A cikin hunturu, zai fi kyau a sanyaya - kimanin 15-20 ° C.
Yadda ake ruwa
Ruwa yana malala: kar a bada izinin ƙamshin coma su bushe, cire danshi mai yawa daga kwanon. A cikin lokacin dumi, kullun fesa shuka sau 1-2 a rana, a cikin hunturu - lokaci 1 kowane kwana 2. Wajibi ne a kwantar da dakin.
Yadda ake ciyarwa
A cikin lokacin Afrilu-Satumba, kowane mako 2, tare da ruwa, amfani da takin mai ma'adinai a cikin taro na 1 zuwa 5. humara humus a matsayin taki.
Yin daskarewa da dasawa
Yi aikin tsafta da kuma yin shuki a cikin kaka.
Dasawa a cikin bazara kowace shekara a cikin bazara ta hanyar canjawa da earthen coma.
Cutar da kwari
Juniper yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka da kwari a gida. Idan allura ya juya launin toka kuma ya fara mutuwa, yana da Dole a yanka wuraren da abin ya shafa tare da maganin da aka lalata kuma a yi maganin kashewa.
Juniper iri namo
Juniper tsaba photo
Ta yaya juniper ke shayarwa? Mafi sau da yawa, ana siyan seedlings a cikin wuraren ɗora Kwatancen, amma idan ana so, zaku iya yada juniper akan kanku. Creeping bushes suna yaduwa ta hanyar layering, sauran hanyoyin kuma sune kore na kore, tsaba.
- Kafin dasa, shi ne mafi alh tori a stratify da tsaba: saka su a cikin wani akwati tare da duniya, murfin, kai su zuwa gonar, inda ya kamata su ciyar da dukan hunturu.
- A watan Mayu, shuka a bude ƙasa.
- Ba tare da canjin yanayin farko ba, iri zai fara zuwa shekara mai zuwa.
- Tsaba tare da murfi mai tsananin kyau dole ne a yiwa wuya - lalata murfin da aka yi niyya (shafa shi da sandar sand, fashe murfin tare da allura).
- Zurfin zurfin zurfafa shine 2-3 cm.
Juniper iri hoto harbe seedlings
- Ruwa, ciyawa ƙasa, don bugun hatsi na tsaba, rufe tare da jaka ko murfin m, kar a manta da yin iska.
- Bayan harbe-harbe na farko sun bayyana, an cire murfin, ana kiyaye seedlings ga couplean makonnin farko daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
- Sassauta kasar gona a kai a kai, sako daga kwari.
- Dasawa seedlings 3 years old tare da earthen dunƙule zuwa m wurin girma.
Juniper yaduwa ta hanyar yankan
Juniper yaduwa ta hanyar yankan
- An yanke yankan ne a bazara.
- Shirya katako daga ƙananan harbe harbe, kowane yanki ya kamata ya zama tsawon cm cm 5 kuma ya ƙunshi 1-2 internodes.
- Ba sa buƙatar yanke su daga reshe, amma an raba shi tare da wani mutum don a ƙarshen ya kasance yanki na haushi daga reshen uwar.
- Bi da tsintsiyar tare da haɓaka mai haɓaka, yana barin su kwana ɗaya a cikin tushen bayani.
- Haɗa daidai gwargwado daidai humus, yashi, peat, saman tare da yashi mai ƙima (Layer 3-4 cm).
Juniper kafe tushen hoto
- Yanke katuna biyu na cm, moisten kasar gona, tare da rufe gilashin gilashi.
- A kwance a kai a kai, ruwa ta hanyar shara.
- Rooting zai faru ne ta kaka, amma zai ɗauki kimanin shekaru 2 kafin tsiro.
Yaduwa ta hanyar farawa
Duk tsawon lokacin girma, zaku iya aiwatar da haifuwa ta hanyar rufe filayen.
- Sikelin kasar gona a kusa da daji, Mix tare da kogin yashi, peat, moisten.
- Endwanƙwasa ɓarnar a ƙasa (zai fi dacewa saurayi), bawo allurai 20 cm daga gindi, kuma a amintar da asirin gashi.
- Rooting yana ɗaukar shekaru 1-1.5 - kar a manta da spud da ruwa wurin yin tono.
- Yanke matasa masu girma daga bishiyoyin matasa tare da kayan aiki mai kaifi, tono daji da shuka a wuri mai ɗorewa.
Iri da nau'ikan juniper tare da hotuna da sunaye
Yawancin nau'ikan halitta ana horar dasu bisa al'ada, kuma masu shayarwa basu da daɗi da sabon iri.
Juniperus Juniperus kwaminis
Juniperus Juniperus na gurguzu hoto
Goge ko bishiyar tare da tsayin 5-10 cm, daskararren akwati yana kusan cm 20. Kambi ya kasance mai yawa, conical a cikin bishiyoyi kuma tsallake a cikin tsirrai. Haushi mai launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, fibrous, harbe suna da launin ja-kasa-kasa. Cikakkun allurai kore ne, kowane allurar tsawon tsayi 1.5 cm. Fulawa yana farawa a watan Mayu: furanni maza suna zana launin rawaya, furanni mata kuma kore. Fruitsya fruitsyan itãcen marmari masu launi suna da launi mara kyau-baki.
Iri-iri na juniper talakawa:
Juniper of depress, ko matsi Juniperus communis var. hoto na depressa a gonar
Juniper of depress, ko matsi Juniperus communis var. depressa - reeanƙarar dake shurewa kusan mita 1. Abubuwan buƙatun sun ƙasa da na jinsin talakawa.
Juniperus Kusar Juniperus na magana da Kafetin Kafetin Green a cikin lambu
Juniperus Kafet Juniperus na magana da Kafet din Kafa - nau'in dwarf. Kambi ya yi laushi, allura suna da laushi, koren haske a launi.
Juniper Columnaris Juniperus Columnaris hoto
Juniper Columnaris Juniperus Columnaris - daji 0.5 m high da game da cm 30 m. Column-dimbin yawa tare da m koli. Abubuwan da ke hawa zuwa sama an rufe su da gajeren allurai, waɗanda suke da launi mai launin shuɗi-ƙasa da ke ƙasa, tsiri mai launin shuɗi-fari ya wuce daga sama.
Juniperus na Juniperus budurwa, ko "itacen fensir"
Juniperus na Juniperus budurwa, ko "itacen fensir"
Itace wacce take da kullun, mai iya kaiwa ga tsawon m 30, matsakaicin zangon ya kai cm 150. Da farko, haushi ya zama kore, daga baya ya zama launin ruwan kasa, ya zama ya fi ruwan wuta. Abubuwan allura, ana fentin su cikin launin kore mai duhu. Spherical berries na launin shuɗi mai duhu yana da fure mai haske.
Iri:
Juniper Grey Oul Juniperus Grey Owl hoto
Juniper Grey Oul Juniperus Grey Owl, Glauka, Boskop Perple - suna da allurar launin toka-shuɗi.
Robusta Green da Festigiata - allura mai launin shuɗi-kore.
Kanaertii - yana da duhu allurai kore.
Sprider Azurfa - allura na azurfa-kore.
Juniper a kwance Juniperus a kwance ko a buɗe
Juniper a kwance Juniperus a kwance Montana hoto
Creeping juniper m 1. M harbe harbe ne mai tetrahedral, an fentin su da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Alluhun kore-kore allura a cikin hunturu saya launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan hoda.
Wani nau'in tsalle-tsalle na kwance Montana Juniperus horizontalis Montana wani nau'i ne mai jan wuya tare da tsayin cm 20 kawai.
Iri:
Juniperus na kwance Yankin shimfidar hoto da kuma hoto
Juniperus na kwance da janarper na kwance - daji 30-40 cm tsayi .. Kambi ne mai siffar matashin kai. Needan ƙananan allura ana fentin launin launin toka-kore, kuma a cikin hunturu ya zama mai launin shuɗi.
Juniper Plumeza (Andorra Jupiter) Juniperus chinensis Plumosa hoto
Juniper Plumeosa (Andorra Jupiter) Juniperus chinensis Plumosa - ya kai tsayi na 0.5 m, shimfidawa. Abubuwan allura suna da kamanni; suna rufe furanni kamar gashin tsuntsu. A launi ne launin toka-kore, a cikin hunturu ya juya m.
Juniper a kwance Yarima na Wales Juniperus kwance kwance hoto 'Prince of Wales' hoto
Juniper a kwance Yariman Wales - tsawo na daji shine cm 30. A cikin hunturu, bluish needles saya da launin shuɗi.
Juniper Cossack Juniperus sabina
Goge 1.5 m high, shimfidawa, hanzari faɗaɗa cikin fadi, forming m thickets. Akwai siffofin kama-bishiyoyi (waɗanda suka kai tsayi 4 m) suna da kututturen katako. A cikin tsirrai matasa, allura suna da sikirin-allurai, to sai ya zama sikirin. Sakamakon kasancewar mahimmin mai, harbe-harbe da allura suna fitar da ƙanshi mai kaifi. Yi hankali - tsire-tsire masu guba.
Popular iri:
Capressifolia - itace mai tsayi tare da tsayi na 0.5 yana da kambi mai shimfiɗa. Scaly needles suna da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
Juniper Cossack Femina Juniperus sabina 'Femina' hoto
Femina Juniperus sabina 'Femina' - tsayin daji shine 1.5 m, diamita na kambi shine 5. m, allura suna scaly, yana da launin koren duhu mai duhu, yana da guba.
Juniper Cossack Mas Juniperus sabina Mas hoto
Mas Juniperus sabina Mas itace daji ne mai tsayi da 1.5-2 m, kambi ya yadu har zuwa 8. Aikin allurar prickly ana fenti kore a ƙasa, mai haske a sama.
Juniperus Juniperus chinensis
Wannan bishiyar, tana kaiwa tsayin 8-10 m ko bude daji. Haushi yana da launin toka-mai launin toka, mai wuce gona da iri. Allura scaly.
Mashahuri dabam-dabam:
Juniperus na Juniperus na Juniperus na ruwan hoto na Stricta
Juniperus na Juniperus na Stricta - gandun daji iri tare da tashi, a ko'ina rassan. Allurar allura, tana da launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, ta lokacin hunturu ya zama launin toka-mai-haske.
Juniperus Jafanus Juniperus chinensis 'Olympia' hoto
Juniperus na Juniperus na kasar Juniperus na 'Olympia'- daji a cikin nau'i na kunkuntar shafi. Allurar allura suna da launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, allurai scaly - mai haske.
Juniperus Japonica Juniperus chinensis Japonica
Juniperus Japonica Juniperus chinensis Japonica - daji har zuwa 2 m high, na iya yada. Sprigs gajere ne, mai yawa. Spines suna da kaifi, fentin a cikin hasken farin tintin kore.
Juniperus Coast Coast Juniperus chinensis Hoton Kogin Zinare na lambun
Garin Juniperus na bakin teku Juniperus na bakin ruwan Gold Coast - ya kai tsayin 1 m. Da bazara, allurai sun zama rawaya ta zinariya.
Juniper dutsen Juniperus scopulorum
Itace wanda ya kai tsayin 18 m, akwai shukoki. Mahaɗan mahaifa.Scaly needles predominate.
Yawancin nau'ikan:
Juniperus Blue Arrow Juniperus Blue Arrow hoto
Juniperus Arrow Mai sanyi Juniperus Blue Arrow - akwai bushes, columnar, fil-mai siffa.
Juniper ya sake daukar hoton Juniperus ya sake daukar hoto
Juniper ya Sake Juyawa Juniperus - wani ciyawa mai rarrafewa, rassan fuka-fukin gashin tsuntsu. Ganyen yana da kauri-mai siffa, na sama gefen shudi ne, gefen kuma shuɗi-shuɗi ne.
Juniperus dutsen Juniperus scopulorum Springbank hoto
Juniperus Rockbank Juniperus scopulorum Springbank - kurmi mai fadi-pinnate wanda ya kai tsayin 2. M rassan suna da sassauci, da allura suna da bakin ciki, kuma suna da launi mai launin shuɗi.
Juniperus Juniperus Skyrocket photo
Juniperus Skyrocket - daji mai tsayi (da shekaru 3 ya kai tsayin 10 m). Ana rufe harbe kai tsaye tare da allura na launin toka-kore.
Juniper scaly Juniperus squamata
Tsutsa da tsayi 1.5 m. Needaƙƙarfan allurai na lanceolate ana fentin su a cikin launi mai duhu mai duhu, madaidaiciyar fararen fata kai tsaye ta saman.
Mafi Darajoji:
Juniperus Star Juniperus squamata Blue Star hoto
Juniperus Star Juniperus squamata Blue Star - dwarf daji 1 m. The kambi ne mai yawa, semicircular, ya kai diamita of 2. M needles suna da launin fari-fari-launi.
Juniper Meyeri Juniperus squamata Meyeri hoto a cikin lambu
Juniper Meyeri Juniperus squamata Meyeri - sanannen iri ne. Matasa bushes na da kyau, tsayin dabbar shuka shine 2-5 m.
Juniperus Lauderi Juniperus squamata 'Loderi' hoto
Juniperus Lauraneri Juniperus squamata 'Loderi'- wani daji mai tsayi daga 1.5 m. harbe suna daidaita. Abubuwan allura sun kasance gajere, mai siffa-allura, a gefe na sama ana zane shi da shuɗi, daga ƙasa zuwa kore.
Juniper matsakaici Juniperus media
Tsarin Cossack da Juniper na kasar Sin. The harbe ne arcuate, allura-dimbin yawa a lokacin farin ciki da kambi na allura, to scaly. A daji ya kai tsawo of 3 m.
Juniperus tsakiyar Mint Julep Juniperus pfitzeriana Mint Julep hoto
Juniper shine mafi mashahuri iri-iri.Mint Julep Juniperus pfitzeriana Mint Julep. Wannan bishiyar mai yaduwa tayi girma da sauri. Crohn mai ɗaukar nauyi ne. Godiya ga girmanta, tana da kyau sosai a wuraren shakatawa da kuma lambuna masu faɗi.
Jerin nau'ikan jinsin da nau'in juniper basu cika ba.
