Myrtle shine tsire-tsire mai kullun da aka yi girma a matsayin shuki kuma kamar ƙaramin itace. Itace Myrtle ya shahara sosai a matsayin kyauta ga amarya, alama ce ta aure mai nasara. Wannan tsire-tsire ba mai sauƙi bane don kulawa, amma yana da daraja.
Babban bayani
Myrtle ya daɗe yana da daraja ga kaddarorin magungunansa - furanni da ganye suna ɗauke da mayuka masu mahimmanci, kuma idan ganyayyaki da 'ya'yan itatuwa sun bushe, ana iya amfani dasu azaman kayan ƙanshi. Misali, albasa samfurin da aka samo daga nau'in myrtle.
A cikin lokacin sanyi, don rigakafin, suna amfani da mayuka masu mahimmanci, suna yada kamshinsu a kusa da ɗakin ko kuma kawai sanya shuka a kan windowsill, alal misali, a cikin dakin yara. Bugu da kari, binciken ya nuna cewa myrtle yana da ikon rage halayen rashin lafiyan yara.
Hakanan tsire-tsire na Myrtle sun haɗa da irin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu mahimmanci ta halayensu kamar itacen shayi, eucalyptus da albasa.
Jinsuna da iri
Myrtle talakawa (Myrtus communis) ko kuma ana kiranta "kwaminisanci"(yana.)cikin gida") - nau'in da aka fi amfani dashi a cikin aikin lambu na gida. Wannan nau'in an san shi da gajeriyar suttura, wacce aka suturta ta, wanda aka rufe shi da kwasfa mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.
Ganyen suna kore, m, m, kuma suna da ƙanshi mai daɗi. Furannin suna da furen fari (wani lokacin ana ganin launin ruwan hoda mai ɗan haske) tare da tambari waɗanda suke fitowa a waje. Yana fure a lokacin bazara. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari, baƙi ne mai launin baki tare da launin toka mai launin ja.
Wannan nau'in myrtle yana da nau'i dayawa.
- Mirt Tarentina - Karamin ciyayi mai 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa, karami a cikin girman uwa.
- Myrtle Alhambra - yana da farin 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, berries da ganye mai yawa.
- Myrtle Variegata (Variegata) ya fito fili tare da wasu tare da bambancin ganye.
- Myrtle "La Clape" - yana da ruwan hoda berries.
- A cikinsu akwai nau'in dwarf - myrtle "Microphylla".
Myrtle Bonsai - Wannan karamin ƙaramin itace ne, tsirrai da ya shahara sosai, yana da fa'ida sosai a tsakanin masu lambu, ganyayyakinsa suna ɗauke da mayuka masu mahimmanci da aka yi amfani da shi a magani da kuma kayan kwalliya. Farashin irin wannan itace ba ƙarami bane.
Siffar irin wannan itaciyar ana iya bambanta, gangar jikin tana jujjuyawa da kuma tanƙwara a lokacin haɓaka, kuma godiya ga tsabtace lokaci-lokaci na ayyukan, ana iya kafa kambin kambi kamar yadda kuke so.
Myrtle Lush - Yana faruwa duka a cikin nau'i na daji, kuma a cikin nau'i na itace tare da haushi mai baƙar fata. Ganyayyaki sun zama mara duhu, kore mai duhu, fararen furanni masu fure a cikin watan Yuli ko Agusta. A 'ya'yan itatuwa masu duhu ja - edible.
Myrtle Hackven (Myrtus Chequen) - bishiyar da ke da ganye mai haske da gefan bakin ciki kadan.
Myrtle Ralph (Myrtus ralfii) - Wannan daji an bambanta shi da furanni ruwan hoda da furannin da ake amfani da su a ja. Ganyayyaki suna da fararen fata ko kirim mai iyaka.
Myrtle Boethics (Boetica) nau'in manya-manya ne, ganyayyaki sun fi girma fiye da sauran nau'in (6-7 cm, yayin da ma'aunin 1-2 cm), tare da ƙarshen nuna. Wannan myrtle yana girma a hankali. Jirgin yana da fasali mai ban sha'awa - yana jujjuya, lambobi masu ban sha'awa suna cikin tsari na girma. Furanni masu furen fari da manyan, furanni kuma masu launin baki ne.
Myrtle Hamedafna (Kassandra ko myrtle marsh) - shruban itacen da ya wuce gona da iri wanda ya girma musamman a cikin fadama, daga inda aka samo sunanta. A cikin tsayi ya kai mita ɗaya. Yarinya da ganyayyaki sun ƙunshi guba, wanda ke da haɗari ga dabbobi (na awaki da raguna).
Lemon myrtle idan kuka hada ganye da irin wannan tsiron, sannan jin daɗin ƙanshin lemon da aka furta. A wasu ƙasashe, ana amfani da irin wannan ganye kamar kayan yaji. Girman ganye: 10 cm tsayi kuma tsawon cm cm 1. Yana farawa da fararen furanni, sannan ya yi duhu zuwa launin ruwan maɗaukaki da launin shuɗi kaɗan.
Kulawar gida na Myrtle
Myrtle wata shuka ce wacce take buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi tare da zafi mai zurfi, don haka fesa ruwa yanayi ne na asali na lafiya da ƙoshin lafiya. A kowane hali kar ka manta game da shayarwa, amma kada ka cika ambaliyar, shuka yana da matukar damuwa kuma yana iya yin rashin lafiya. Ruwa kawai tare da ruwa mai laushi. Amma myrtle ba ya jin tsoron zanen, don haka ana iya barin lafiya a kan windowsill, inda taga kullun a bude yake. Tare da kwararar iska a cikin ɗakin, phytoncides mai amfani zai yada, yana lalata ƙwayoyin cuta na pathogenic.
Dole ne a sarrafa zafin jiki a cikin 18-24 ° C. A lokacin bazara, yana da kyau a fallasa Myrtle a titi ko baranda da ɗan inuwa, domin haskoki na rana mai zafi ba su yin faduwa.
Myrtle pruning
Game da pruning, myrtle ya ba da haƙuri da kyau, kada a ambaci gaskiyar cewa godiya ga wannan, yana yiwuwa ya ba kambi wani nau'in da ake so, ƙirƙirar samfuran daban-daban. Ana yin daskarewa da dasawa a cikin bazara, ba fiye da sau daya a cikin shekaru biyu ba.
Myrtle dashi
Lokacin juyawa, ana amfani da hanyar kwance, yayin da ake zaɓi tukunya ɗanɗano fiye da na baya. Soilasa don myrtle mai sauƙi ce, tare da malalewa masu kyau. An shirya substrate daga daidai sassan ƙasar turɓaya, peat da yashi.
Zai zama da amfani a ƙara wasu gawayi da takin gargajiya. Duk wani nau'ikan da aka datsa dole ne a ciyar da shi a wannan, wannan, duk takin don tsire-tsire na cikin gida (ma'adinai mai hadaddun), ba tare da chlorine a cikin abun da ke ciki ba, ya dace. Matasan shuka ya fara yin fure ne kawai a shekara ta hudu ko ta biyar bayan dasawa.
Kula da hunturu na Myrtle
A cikin hunturu, myrtle yana da lokaci mai narkewa, yayin da aka rage ruwa (ƙasa tana ɗan daɗaɗa, yana hana bushewa) kuma an sake dasa tsiron zuwa mai sanyaya (8-10 ° C), amma wuri mai haske. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, to ana lura da ganyen ganyayyaki. Kodayake wannan ba babban haɗari bane, tunda a cikin sabon bazara, sabbin ganye zasu fara bayyana.
Myrtle yaduwa ta hanyar yanke
Idan babban aikin yayin haifuwa shine adana haruffa uwayen (varietal), to lallai ana ɗaukar ganyen mafi kyawun hanyar haihuwa.
Yanke yankan itace a cikin ingantaccen shuka, bai kamata su zama samari sosai ba, amma a cikin sikarin da aka daidaita. Don mafi kyawun tushe, ana kula da yanki tare da haɓakar haɓaka na musamman (alal misali, rootin) kuma ya makale a cikin ƙasa da aka shirya a kusurwa (45-55 °). Ana bincika kullun don danshi.
Myrtle daga tsaba a gida
Hanyar iri ba ta da tasiri, amma ana amfani da ita. A farkon bazara, an shirya canjin da aka shirya (wani ɓangare na peat da wani sashi na yashi) a cikin akwatuna (kauri ƙasa na 8-10 cm), an shuka shi tare da tsaba myrtle, an yayyafa shi da cakuda ƙasa ɗaya (3-4 cm lokacin farin ciki) a saman, mai daɗaɗa kuma an rufe shi da gilashi. An sarrafa tsarin zafin jiki a cikin yankin na 20 ° C.
Lokaci-lokaci, gilashin yana buɗewa don ba da iska da sanyaya ƙasa, idan ya cancanta. Gilashin za a iya jujjuyawa ko goge shi, yana kawar da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta mai yawa.
A cikin 'yan makonni biyu,' ya'yan fari na farko zasu fara bayyana, lokacin da yawa daga cikinsu - suna bakin ciki, kuma bayan akalla ganye uku sun bayyana a kan seedlings, an dasa su cikin tukwane daban da abun kama ɗaya. Bayan wata daya, matasa ana ciyar da tsire-tsire mai rauni taro na takin nitrogen.
Cutar da kwari
Mafi yawan lokuta, balagaggu ko ma tsoffin samfurori suna fama da harin m. Lalacewa ga aphids da sikelin kwari na faruwa idan iska a cikin dakin yayi bushewa na dogon lokaci, kuma gizo-gizo gizo zai bayyana idan ƙasa ba ta isasshe danshi.
Idan, akasin haka, ana lura da yawan wuce gona da iri, to a wannan yanayin tushen lalacewar da lalacewar ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta da ƙwayoyin fungal ba makawa, kuma wannan ya riga ya kasance mai tsanani. Ba shi da sauƙi a magance irin waɗannan matsalolin kuma ana yawan samun labarin mutuwar shuka.
Don magance parasites daban-daban, ana amfani da spraying tare da kwari iri iri, bin umarnin akan kunshin. Amma ya fi kyau kada su yarda da bayyanar su, amma kawai bi ka'idodin kulawa.
- Idan ganye Fade, juya rawaya, da gefuna karkatarwa, to wannan yana nuna wucewar haske.
- Idan mai tushe ya yi tsayi da yawa kuma ganyayyaki sun yi kankanta - Wannan alama ce tabbatacciyar alamar rashin hasken wuta.
- Myrtle baya fure - idan kuka datsa sau da yawa ko a yanka sosai a lokaci daya, kuma idan dakin ba ayi talauci sosai ba.
- Bar ya bushe ya faɗi - Idan wannan ya faru a cikin hunturu, yana nufin iska ta bushe sosai kuma zazzabi ya yi yawa (alal misali, lokacin da kayan dumama ke aiki a ɗakin). Itace tana buƙatar ɗakin mai sanyaya da wasu danshi (kaɗan kaɗan!). Hakanan, ganye na iya bushewa yayin da ruwa yai tururi a cikin kwanon rufi ko daga kunar rana a jiki (hasken rana kai tsaye).
