Furanni masu daukar hoto na cikin gida na fure-fure na furanniOxalis ko oxalis (daga Latin. Oxalis, wanda ma'anarsa ke nufin "mai tsami") itaciya ce mai tsayi daya ko na tsiro a cikin iyalin Acidaceae. A cikin yanayin halitta yana yaduwa a Mexico, Kudancin Amurka, Afirka ta Kudu, ya fi son wuraren inuwa. A Ireland alama ce ta ƙasar.
Shahararrun sunayen shuka: kabeji zomo (ganyayyaki na tsire-tsire ne wanda ake ci, suna da dandano mai tsami), fure mai farin ciki, Clover of farin ciki.
Bayanin Botanical na shuka mai tsami
Yawan nau'in acid mai tsami ya wuce ɗari takwas. Horar da yawa iri da suke girma a gida da kuma gidãjen Aljanna. A cikin labarin, za mu mayar da hankali ga aikin namo acid na cikin gida.
Kabeji zomo na fure kamar yadda hoto yake
Tushen tsarin shuka shine corms. A dogon petioles na bakin ciki, faranti mafi kyawun ganye an haɗe su, kamar fuka-fuki na maƙanyan bishiyoyi. Ana iya rarrabasu zuwa ruwan fure 2-5. Siffar halayyar ita ce cewa suna lanƙwasawa da dare, kuma buɗe sake da safe. Ya danganta da iri-iri, suna iya zama kore, burgundy, purple, ko haɗuwa da launuka da yawa.
Tsawon tsirrai ya kai kusan 20 cm.
Furanni na madaidaiciyar tsari, sau biyar-biyar, launuka na sautunan kwantar da hankula (fari, cream, ruwan hoda, rawaya). A dare, da a cikin hadari weather, da furanni rufe. Fruitan itacen ƙaramin akwati ne da tsaba.
Girma acid daga tsaba
Acid tsaba
A karkashin yanayin yanayin halitta, acid mai tsami yakan haifar da shuka-iri, amma a al'adun gargajiya ana iya amfani da hanyoyin ganyayyaki azaman sauri da kuma abin dogara. Shuka acid daga tsaba zai zama kwarewa mai ban sha'awa, nan da nan zai ba ka damar samun mahimmancin tsirrai matasa.
Don shuka, zaku buƙaci kwalaye na seedling tare da substrate na gina jiki (ɗauki 4 sassan ganye na humus da peat, ƙara 1 ɓangaren yashi). Abubuwan suna ƙanana kaɗan, ya kamata a rarraba su a farfajiya na ƙasa kuma aka fesa su da fesa mai kyau, sannan a yi amfani da wannan hanyar shayarwa ko ta hanyar dutsen.
M seedlings harbe harbe
- Bayan seeding, rufe akwati da gilashi ko fim, bar iska ta yau da kullun don rabu da ƙanƙara.
- Kula da yawan zafin jiki tsakanin 17-20 ° C, samar da yaduwar hasken.
- Ya danganta da ingancin iri, ana yin shuka iri 10-30.
- Da fitowar seedlings a hankali saba wa rayuwa ba tare da tsari ba.
- Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka cika jama'a, dasa su cikin kwantena daban tare da ƙasa don samfuran samfuran manya.
Kayan lambu na haifuwa na acid
Kayan lambu na yaduwar acid mai tsami yana nuna zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa:
Yaduwa ta 'yar fitila ko wani ɓangare na rhizome
Rhizome na zobo mai hoto uku-ganye
Wadannan hanyoyin kusan iri ɗaya ne, don haka yi la'akari dasu tare. Rarrabe 'yar' yar kwalliya daga corms ko raba rhizome cikin sassa da yawa, bi da wuraren da aka yanke tare da shiri mai ban tsoro, dasa rarrabuwa a cikin ƙasa mai gina jiki.
Yaduwa da m ta rarraba hoto cikakke
Sanya ciyawar a wani wuri mai sanyin sanyi, lokaci-lokaci ruwa. Lokacin da sprouts ƙyanƙyashe, canja wurin karkashin yaduwa lighting. Dankin yana tasowa da sauri kuma a cikin wata guda zaka karɓi cikakkiyar seedlings.
Yaduwa da tushe cuttings
Yanke harbi da shuka na manya, don bayyanar Tushen, sanya shi cikin akwati na ruwa. Lokacin da tushen tsawon ya kai 1.5 cm, zaka iya shuka a cikin tukwane tare da ƙasa.
Yaduwa da ganye ganye
Yankakken hoto mai laushi na ganyen ganye ya kafe a ruwa
Rarrabe ganye tare da petiole aƙalla cm cm 10. Tushen irin wannan don kara itace.
Yadda ake dasa tushen ciyawa, kalli bidiyon:
Yanayin yanayi
- Don shuka don jin dadi, ya zama dole don samar da yanayi kusa da na halitta. Bada izinin gurɓataccen wurin da ruwan acid. Windows gabas ko yamma cikakke ne don wannan, ana iya sanya shi a kan goyon baya a kan taga ta kudu, kuma labulen labulen zai ba da kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye.
- A cikin watanni masu zafi, yanayin zafi sosai shine 25 ° C, tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, yanayin zafi yana cikin kewayon 12-18 ° C.
Kulawar Gida
Yadda ake ruwa
Oxygen mai kaunar danshi, amma kar a bada izinin kasar ta sanya ruwa - wannan na iya haifar da jujjuya tushen tsarin. A lokacin rani, farfajiya na ƙasa ya kamata a ɗan ji daɗin ɗaci a hankali Tare da zuwan kaka, an rage ruwa sosai, a cikin hunturu ba karamin abu bane (ƙamshin da aka yi laushi kada ya bushe gaba ɗaya).
Feshi da shuka lokaci-lokaci a cikin bazara da bazara.
Don shayarwa da fesawa, ya zama dole a yi amfani da ruwa mai taushi (Boiled, tace, ruwan sama, daskararru ko ruwan famfo na yau da kullun, amma an bar a tsaye a kalla a rana)
Yadda ake ciyarwa
A lokacin girma girma, babban riguna tare da mita na kwanakin 15-20. Yi amfani da takin mai magani mai ma'ana, yin maida hankali sau 2 kasa da sashi da mai samarwa ya bada shawarar.
Don kula da adorativeness, cire bushe ganye da wilted inflorescences.
Ragowar lokacin kirim
Wasu nau'in acid suna buƙatar lokaci mai wahala. Yana farawa a cikin hunturu kuma yana kusan wata 1. Idan bayan fure ya ƙare ganye zai fara faɗi, ya kamata a rage yawan ruwa kuma ya kamata a rage yawan zafin jiki. Ganyayyaki mai faɗuwa bazai yuwu ba, ana buƙatar bayyanar "rashin shinge" ta dakatarwa cikin haɓaka.
Lokacin da shuka ta fitar da sabon ganye, sannan lokacin cikewar ya ƙare. Gudanar da juyawa kuma mayar da shuka zuwa yanayin aiki (zafi mai zafi, sake fara shayarwa da ciyarwa).
Oxygen dashi bayan siyayya da lokacin girma
Yadda za a watsa hoto mai acidic
Wani sabon tsiron da aka samu yana dasawa bayan sati daya na karbuwa.
Matasa tsirrai (a karkashin shekara 3) suna buƙatar juyawa na shekara-shekara. Yakamata a dasa kwayayen manya a kowace shekara 2. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a cikin bazara. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da hanyar jingina yayin tanadin ɓoyayyiyar laka, ba shakka, idan baku da niyyar raba daji.
Tushen tsarin acidity na sama ne, saboda haka zabi kwandon shara. Don sa daji ya fi yawa, ana dasa shukar da yawa a cikin tukunya ɗaya yanzu ɗaya - wannan yana buƙatar ƙarfin faɗaɗawa.
Tabbatar kwanciya matattarar magudanar a kasan tukunyar. Soil asa da abinci mai gina jiki na iya shafar fure sosai. Yi amfani da substrate na duniya ko shirya cakuda ƙasa da kanka (daidai gwargwado Mix ganye da ƙasa turf, humus, yashi da peat). Babban yanayin shi ne friability da tsaka tsaki ƙasa dauki.
Yadda ake juya shi mai tsami, kalli bidiyon:
Cututtuka, kwari da sauran matsaloli a cikin kulawa
Gabaɗaya, oxalis yana tsayayya da cututtuka da kwari. Matsaloli suna tasowa tare da kulawa mara kyau.
Shan iskar shaye na ƙasa na iya haifar da lalacewa ga cututtuka kamar su launin toka ko fusarium. Wajibi ne a cire wuraren da abin ya shafa kuma a aiwatar da magani tare da kashe-kashe (alal misali, foundationazole).
Daga cikin kwari na acidity: aphids, kwari kwari, gizo-gizo kwari. Da farko, wanke kwari da yanayin rayuwarsu da maganin soapy ko wani ruwa da aka samu tare da peranin tangerine. Idan ba'a cire su ba, lalata ƙwayar.
Wasu matsaloli:
- Oxygen baya bude ganye: wannan na iya haifar da isasshen ruwa ko bushewar iska.
- Leaf faranti bushe - waterlogging na kasar gona ko rashin na gina jiki. Idan wilting ko faduwa na ganye na faruwa a cikin fall, kada ku damu, saboda shuka yana shirya don zamani mai laushi.
- A cikin hasken rana kai tsaye, ƙonewa ya kasance akan ganyayyaki, bayan haka sun bushe.
- Bushewa ganyen shima yana haifar da bushewar iska ko kuma yawan zafin jiki.
- A lokacin karatun, ganyayyaki na iya bushewa.
Nau'in ruwan kirim mai tsami tare da hotuna da sunaye
A gida, nau'ikan da nau'ikan nau'ikan tsirrai sukan yi girma:
Oxalis triangularis ko shunayya Oxalis triangularis ko Oxalis regnellii
Oxal triangular ko shunayya na Oxalis triangularis
M ganye mai narkar da furanni masu launin shuɗi suna da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi; ga asalinsu, dusar ƙanƙara-fari ko furanni masu launin shuɗi.
Ganye huɗun soura Oxan Oxalis tetraphylla ko pean farin Oxalis oxalis deppei
Oxalis tetraphylla hudu ganye ko Oxalis deppei Oxalis deppei daraja Iron Cross Cross
Fihiran faranti masu fa'ida guda hud'u, da makarin maroon, gefuna kuma kore ne. Inflorescences na launin ja inuwa. wannan nau'in ne a cikin Turai da ake kira Clover of farin ciki.
Acetosella na Oxalis
Photoarancin Oxalis Oxalis acetosella na yau da kullun
Takaddun ganye na koren launi, furanni ɗaya, babba, dusar ƙanƙara fari.
Kislitsa Bouvy Oxalis bowiei
Kislitsa Bouvy Oxalis bowiei hoto
Ganyen yana da launin toka-fure, furanni suna da launin lilac.
Oxalis mai amfani
Hoto na Oxalis
Yana da sananne ga furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara mai fararen fata tare da raɗaɗin rawaya mai shuɗi.
M Properties na acid
Dankin yana iya yin amfani da maganin zingotic, anthelmintic, warkarwa mai rauni, cututtukan hemostatic, bile da diuretic. Lokacin da ake amfani da guba na arsenic ko mercury azaman maganin guba. Hakanan yana haɓaka ci, yana haɓaka metabolism, yana kawar da ƙwannafi, amai, daidaita yanayin acid na ruwan ciki, yana taimakawa rage karfin jini.
Ana amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan itace sabo daga ganyayyaki masu tsami don cututtukan zuciya, zazzabi, ciwon ciki, atherosclerosis. Porridge daga sabo ganye ana amfani da raunuka na purulent, boils, ulcers. Don cututtuka na kodan, hanta, mafitsara ko gall mafitsara, gastritis, matsaloli tare da tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, bakin rinses (stomatitis, diathesis) ana amfani dasu a cikin hanyar infusions, tinctures da kayan ado.
Potassium oxalate yana ba ganye ganye ɗanɗano, saboda haka ana amfani dasu don dalilan abinci. Wasu nau'ikan suna girma musamman don tubers.
Hoton kulawar gida mai kula da Kislitsa
