Irga, wanda kuma ake kira kirfa (Amelanchier), wakili ne na ƙabilar ɗan adam mai ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. Irga shine tsayayyen ciyawa ko kuma babba ba babba ba ne. Sunan Latin na irin wannan tsiro na Celtic ne ko asalin Provencal, a fassarar yana nufin "kawo zuma." A Ingila, ana kiran irin wannan shuka mai amfani ko Berry da Yuni da shuki, kuma a cikin Amurka ana kiranta "Saskatoon" - Indiyawa ne suka ba shi wannan, su ne asalin 'yan asalin ƙasar. Dangane da bayanan da aka karɓa daga kafofin daban-daban, a kan yankin Arewacin Hemisphere zaka iya haɗuwa da nau'in 18-25 na igreas, yayin da yawancinsu ke girma a Arewacin Amurka. A cikin daji, irin wannan shuka ya fi son girma a kan dutse, gefunan daji kuma a cikin yankin tundra. 'Yan lambu sun shuka nau'ikan irgi guda 10. An girma su don samar da 'ya'yan itace masu dadi da kyawawan tsire-tsire.
Siffofin Irgi
Lokacin da furannin ganye suka fara budewa akan bishiyar irga, to kuwa yayi kyau sosai. Da alama an shuka tsiron tsire-tsire a cikin ɓarna, kamar dai an rufe shi da farin hoarfrost-fari-farin. Lokacin da ganye ya buɗe, furanni ruwan hoda da fararen fata fara fure, da alama suna manne da rassan. Itacen, wanda aka rufe shi da kyawawan launuka na tseren tsere, yayi kama da sihiri. Pink-zaitun ko faranti na ganye na wannan shuka suna da kyau sosai. Bayan reshe ya fadada, saiwoyin ya rasa fa'idojinsa, a lokacin ne wani siriri mai santsi da kambi mai laushi ya bayyana a gaban idon lambu. Painaƙƙarfan haushi a kan akwati an zana shi a cikin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda. A lokacin fruiting, an kafa "kananan" apples akan bishiyoyi, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin buroshi. Da farko, suna da launin fari-mai haske da launin ruwan hoda mai haske, berriesan itacen ya zama duhu a kan lokaci, har sai launinsu ya juya launin ja-ja, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko shunayya. Berriesa berriesan itace da ke da daɗi suna da daɗi da daɗi, kuma ba ƙaunar yara kaɗai suke so ba, har ma da tsuntsayen da ke yada tsaba a ciki. A cikin kaka, da itacen sake sake kallon abin mamaki. Furensa ana fentin launuka iri-iri, daga jan aloe da ruwan hoda-ruwan hoda zuwa rawaya mai zurfi, yayin da za'a iya bambanta launin shuɗi mai launin kore a bayan wasu ofan ganye. Irin wannan bishiyar ornamental tana da girma, girma tayi sauri, mai jure sanyi da fari. A lokaci guda, an lura cewa a kan apical harbe na bara, fure ne mafi girma, kuma fruiting ne yalwatacce. Ana amfani da Irgu a matsayin jari don pears da itacen apple mai ban sha'awa, kamar yadda ake rarrabe shi da amincinsa da juriyarsa. Tsawon rayuwar irin wannan shukar ya kasance ne daga shekaru 60 zuwa 70, a hankali matsanancin sa ya zama kututture na hakika, wani lokacin tsayin su ya kai mita 8. Wannan ciyawa itace ɗayan mafi kyawun tsire-tsire na zuma. Koyaya, wannan tsiro mai ban mamaki yana da babban hasara guda ɗaya, shine, harbe mai yawa, yaƙar da za'a yi yaƙi a cikin kakar. Koyaya, idan kayi la'akari da cewa irin wannan shuka ba kawai kyakkyawa ba ne kuma yana ba da kyawawan furanni, amma har ila yau yana da warkarwa mai warkarwa, irin wannan koma-baya kamar tushen harbe yana da mahimmanci.
Dasa Irgi a buɗe ƙasa
Wani lokaci don shuka
Kuna iya dasa irgi a cikin ƙasa buɗe a cikin bazara ko kaka. A lokaci guda, masana suna ba da shawara don aiwatar da irin wannan hanyar a cikin fall. Yankin da ya dace don igra ya kamata ya kasance yana da kyau, a wannan yanayin sa mai tushe ba zai shimfiɗa ba, yana neman isasshen haske, kuma zai ba da 'ya'ya sosai. Suitableasan da ta dace da irin wannan shukar yakamata ta kasance loamy ko yashi loam. Gabaɗaya, irga ba capricious game da ƙasa ba, kodayake, idan kuna son ƙaramin adadin tushen haɓaka, to, dole ne a cika ƙasa da abubuwan gina jiki. A cikin ƙasa humus-cikakken, irgi zai ba da 'ya'ya da yawa sosai. Acidarfin acid na ƙasa na iya zama kowane. Amma wuraren da ruwan karkashin kasa ya taɓu sosai bai dace da dasa shukar wannan shukar ba, saboda tsarin tushen sa na iya zuwa zurfin santimita 200-300. Idan saukar da irgi aka shirya don kaka, to, dole ne a shirya shiri na dasa shuki a bazara. Don yin wannan, cire duk sako daga gare ta, sannan a sa shafin a ƙarƙashin tururi na baƙi har sai lokacin kaka. Nan da nan kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, an haƙa shi kuma ana amfani da gram 40 na potassium da phosphorus taki ga kowane murabba'in mita 1. Ba lallai ba ne don tono ƙasa mai zurfi (da 10-15 santimita).
Yadda ake dasa irga
Sanya alama a cikin ƙasa mai sauki ne. Don dasa, kuna buƙatar zaɓar seedlings na shekara-shekara ko biennial. A cikin taron cewa ana shuka shuka da yawa, to, a kan yanar gizon da suke buƙatar ɓarna, yayin da nisan da ke tsakanin bushes ɗin ya kamata santimita 100-150. Girman ramin dasa yakamata yakai kimanin 0.6x0.6x0.5 m. Ka'idar dasa bishi yayi kama da wanda akayi amfani dashi lokacin dasa shuki bishiyoyi masu zuwa: gooseberries, currants, raspberries, blackberries, blueberries, actinidia da honeysuckle. Lokacin tono rami, yakamata a ƙaraɗa ƙasa mai sama ta raba daban. An haɗe shi tare da takin da yashi da yashi a cikin rabo na 3: 1: 1. Zuba 1 ko 2 buckets na humus, 0.4 kilogiram na superphosphate da 150 g na potassium taki a cikin ƙare saukowa rami. A kasan ramin, kana buƙatar yin mound daga maɓallin da aka samo, wanda akan saita seedlings na irgi. Lokacin da aka daidaita tushen, ramin dole ne a cika tare da m saman Layer na ƙasa, wanda aka gauraye shi da yashi da takin. Needsasa tana buƙatar ɗan ƙara ƙarfi. Tabbatar cewa tushen wuyan shuka ba a binne shi. A karkashin ɗanyen da aka shuka kuna buƙatar zuba daga lita 8 zuwa 10 na ruwa. Bayan ruwan ya sha, yakamata ƙasa ta zauna. Bayan wannan, yakamata a ƙara ƙasa mai yawa a cikin ramin don samansa ya kasance daidai da wurin. Ya kamata a rufe farfajiya na kewayen akwati da wani yanki na ciyawa (humus, peat ko ƙasa bushe). A cikin shuka da aka shuka, dole ne a taƙaita sashin ƙasa zuwa santimita 15, yayin da 4 ko 5 ingantaccen buds ya kamata ya kasance akan kowane tushe.
Kula da Irga
Kula da wasan abu ne mai sauqi. Bayan an dasa ta a gonar, za ta buƙaci kaɗan daga hankalin ku. Ya kamata a tuna cewa tsire-tsire mai kyau ba kawai zai iya zama kyakkyawa sosai ba, har ma ya kawo girbi mai amfani. Kula da irin wannan shuki ya kunshi marasa ruwa, weeding, pruning da kayan miya. An bambanta wannan shuka ta juriyarsa ga fari, saboda dogayen tushen sa su shiga cikin yadudduka mai zurfi na ƙasa, inda danshi ke kasancewa koyaushe. A wannan batun, ya kamata a shayar da ban ruwa kawai a cikin tsawon lokacin fari, yayin da ake bayar da shawarar yin amfani da ruwa daga tiyo tare da diffuser, a wannan yanayin yana yiwuwa a lokaci guda don wanke duk ƙura daga saman ganyayyaki. An bada shawara don ba da ruwa ba kafin 16:00 ba, bayan zafin ya ragu. Bayan an shayar da shuka, ya zama dole ga sako kuma a lokaci guda za a kwance ƙasa ƙasa kusa da daji.
Ciyar da Irgi
Lokacin da shuka ya cika shekaru 4-5, kuna buƙatar fara ciyar da shi. Ana gabatar da takin gargajiya a kowace shekara a cikin da'irar kusa don tono, yayin da ya kamata a sake dawo da 0.2 zuwa 0.3 m daga tushen wuyan .. Don haka, bulo 1 na 2 na humus, 0.3 kilogiram na superphosphate da 0.2 kilogiram na potash ya kamata a gabatar da su a cikin ƙasa takin mai magani, wanda baya hada da chlorine. Daga bazara zuwa rabi na biyu na lokacin bazara, ya kamata a ciyar da ciyawar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, don haka ana zuba ½ giyan maganin kaza (10%) a ƙarƙashin kowane daji. Gabatar da takin mai magani a cikin ƙasa ana yin shi da yamma bayan ruwan sama ya wuce ko za a shayar da shuka sosai. Ya kamata a rarraba takin mai bushe a farfajiya na kusa-da'irar, barin daga shuka 0.3 m, to, an hatimce a cikin ƙasa, bayan haka ana buƙatar shayar da wurin. Yayinda shukar yake girma, yawan takin yakamata a hankali.
Juyar da Irgi
Sauya wa mai kulawa da kula da shi babban lamari ne mai wahala. Gaskiyar ita ce tushen tsarin daji yana shiga cikin zurfin yadudduka na ƙasa. A wannan batun, masana sun ba da shawarar zabar wurin da ya fi dacewa don dasa shukar irin wannan shukar domin ba lallai ne ku canza shi ba. A wannan yanayin, idan ba za ku iya yin ba tare da dasawa ba, to lokacin da kuke cire tsararren shuka daga ƙasa, ku tuna cewa tushen sa a zurfi da faɗi a wannan lokacin ya girma da kusan 200 cm. Idan iris ya kasance shekaru 7 ko 8, Dole ne a jujjuya shi ba tare da wata matsala ba, ya zama dole cewa diamita daga tsarin tushen da aka tono ya kasance daga 100 zuwa 125 cm, kuma zurfin yana kawai 0.7 m. Wadancan tushen yankuna da suka zauna a cikin ƙasa, daji zai iya girma in mun gwada da sauri a sabon wuri. Hakanan ya kamata a lura cewa tsofaffin tsire-tsire masu dasawa shine, mafi girma diamita na tushen tsarin lokacin tono shi daga ƙasa ya kamata. Dole ne a sake dorar da shuka daga ƙasa zuwa wani sabon wuri, amma a gwada kar a lalata ƙwanjin dajin. An sanya ciyawa a cikin wani rami da aka shirya, wanda aka cika da ƙasa. Sannan yana da kyau tamped. Itataccen tsire-tsire yana buƙatar yawan shayarwa. Dole ne a rufe farjin da'irar akwati tare da ciyawa.
Irga a faɗo
Bayan fruiting a cikin kaka, daji na irgi yana buƙatar thinning da tsabtace tsabta da ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki. Sauya idan ya cancanta. Tona wani yanki, yayin da yake wajibi ne don tarawa da ƙona dukkan ƙurar da ke tashi. Daji ba ya buƙatar mafaka don hunturu, kamar yadda ko da tsananin sanyi (kimanin digiri 40) ba zai cutar da shi ba.
Turawa
Wani lokaci don amfanin gona
Yana iya zama da alama cewa jatan landan na jure shuki cikin sauƙi, kodayake, masana sun ba da shawara su aiwatar da wannan hanyar kawai idan ya zama tilas. Don rage yawan yanka, kuna buƙatar sanin aan ka'idoji:
- Don dasa daji, kuna buƙatar zaɓar wurin da aka kunna, saboda haskoki na rana dole ne ya shiga cikin lokacin farin ciki na daji.
- Trimming za a iya za'ayi kawai ba tare da sosai high irin iergi. Idan inji tayi tsayi sosai, to zai zama da wahala mutum datsa shi, koda kuwa kayi amfani da yar tsana.
- A karo na farko zaka iya datsa daji bayan shekara 1 ko 2 bayan an dasa shi akan gonar. Wannan ya kamata a yi a cikin bazara kafin lokacin ya kwarara ruwan fara.
Yadda ake shuka irga
A farkon shekarun, irgi ya kamata ya yanke kusan dukkanin harbe daga tushen harbe, yayin da yake barin fewan guda daga cikin mafi ƙarfi. Bayan shuka yana da yawan adadin itacen da ake buƙata, za a buƙaci rigakafin tsufa na shekara-shekara, yayin da yawan amfanin gonar zai kasance barga. Don yin wannan, sau ɗaya a shekara, kuna buƙatar yanke 2 daga tsoffin tsoffin kwanduna, yayin da yawan samamen matasa ya kamata a bar su daga tushe. Ya kamata a taqaita duk tsayayyun mai tushe na tsintsayen matasa daga tsirar shekarar bara. A cikin tsofaffin bushes, ya zama dole a datsa gefen rassan, a sakamakon wannan kambi zai fara girma a faɗin, in ba haka ba zai zama da matsala don tara bishiyar har ma da taimakon ƙangin mata. A shekara mai tushe, ba lallai ba ne don aiwatar da abubuwan yanke. Koyaya, ya kamata sassan mai girma ya kamata a shafa shi da fenti mai a kan man bushewa na halitta, yayin da ku tuna cewa idan sanyi ne a waje, to, gonar var ba ta da kyau sosai. Baya ga samar da pruning, inji shima yana buƙatar tsabtacewa, domin wannan ya zama dole don yanke duk rassan bushe da rauni da mai tushe, kazalika da waɗanda ke taimakawa da damƙar kambi (girma a cikin daji). Hakanan, ya kamata a cire Tushen tushe a cikin lokaci mai dacewa. Domin sake juya itacen gaba daya, yakamata a yanke "zuwa kututture."
Sake bugun Irgi
Shrubwan itace mai ɗumbin ganye mai yalwatacce sanannen sananne ne a tsakanin lambu, ana iya yaduwar shi da tsirrai da hanyoyin tsirrai. Zai yuwu ku yaɗa bishiyoyin bishiyoyi masu girma ta itace kawai ta hanyoyin ciyawa, wato: alurar riga kafi, offspringan itace da kore kore. Ya kamata a tuna cewa dukkan tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire masu yaduwa kawai ke yaduwa ta hanyar hanyoyin ciyayi, da kuma nau'in - ta tsirrai da tsire-tsire.
Yaduwa da shuka da tsaba
Auki 'ya'yan itatuwa da kyau-cire kuma cire tsaba daga gare su. Ana shuka su nan da nan bayan an girbe kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa bude. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar shirya gadaje, da haɗuwa da su sosai, kuna buƙatar binne tsaba a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar mm 20 kawai. Amfanin gona yana buƙatar yawan ruwa, to, an rufe su da wani yanki na ciyawa (busassun ganye ko bambaro). A lokacin hunturu, tsaba za su sami damar rikicewar yanayin, kuma seedlings za su bayyana a lokacin bazara. Idan seedlings suka bayyana a cikin kaka, to babu abin damu. A cikin bazara, ya kamata a shuka seedlings don kada a cika su. A lokacin bazara za a buƙaci a kula da su, a samar musu da lokacin shayarwa, weing da kuma kayan miya da takin mai-nitrogen. A ƙarshen shekarar farko, tsayin seedling zai zama santimita 10-12 kawai, kuma na biyu - daga mita 0.4 zuwa 0.5. Canza seedlings zuwa wurin dindindin zai iya faruwa ne kawai a shekara ta uku, lokacin da suka sami ƙarfi.
Farfadowa daga cikin mahaifa ta hanyar grafting da cuttings
A cikin kaka, yakamata a shirya kwalliya; domin wannan, wanan itacen Rowan na shekaru biyu cikakke ne, ana iya samo su a cikin dasa ko a wurin shakatawa. Bayan ruwan sama ya wuce, ana iya fitar da irin wannan hayar cikin sauri. Idan akwai sha'awar, to, hannun jari zai iya girma da hannuwanku. Don yin wannan, a cikin kaka, an shuka dutsen ash a cikin ƙasa buɗe, seedlings zai bayyana a bazara, kuma tuni a shekara ta biyu ana iya amfani dasu azaman hannun jari. Alurar riga kafi ya kamata a yi a cikin bazara, lokacin da akwai kwararar ruwan itace. Wajibi ne a dasa a tsawo na 10-15 santimita daga tushe na wuya. Siffofin yin rigakafi:
- Ya kamata a cire scion mai ƙarfi daga ƙasa, tushen tsarinsa ya kamata a wanke shi da kyau. Wajibi ne a samar da shinge kwance na jari a tsayin 10 zuwa 15 santimita daga tushe na wuya.
- Aauki wuka mai kaifi kuma ka raba yanke a tsakiyar zuwa zurfin 30 mm.
- A kan scion, ya zama dole don yanke gewar babba. Bayan da kuka tashi daga babba na 15 santimita, ya kamata ku yi ƙananan yankewa a cikin hanyar haɗin kai biyu, tsawonsa ya zama 40 mm. Ya kamata a lura cewa ɗayan gefen yaƙin ya kamata ya zama a ɗan ƙasa da koda, ɗayan kuma ɗayan kishiyar ta.
- Yana da Dole a sanya wani weji na hannun jari a cikin tsagewar scion, yayin da dole ne a shigar da shi sosai. Ka lura cewa bai kamata a sa saman murfin a cikin rarrabuwa ba.
- Wajen allurar rigakafin dole ne a nannade shi da tef. Sashin na sama na scion an rufe shi da lambun var.
- An dasa tushen a cikin akwati, wanda aka cika da peat gauraye da yashi, yayin da dole ne a zurfafa shi zuwa wurin grafting. Sannan a tsabtace kwandon a cikin shinkafa ko ruwan sanyi. Ya kamata a tuna cewa a cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi ƙafar zai ɗauki tushen da sauri.
- A kwana a tashi, kira yakamata ya bayyana a wannan ɓangaren na weji wanda baya cikin tsageran, lokacin da wannan ya faru fim ɗin yana buƙatar cire shi, kuma zuriyawar da aka gama ya watsa zuwa ƙasa mai buɗewa.
- Duk harbe da zasu girma a kasa wurin allurar dole ne a cire su.
Yaduwa da igreus by kore cuttings
Ana girbe girbi daga farkon zuwa tsakiyar lokacin bazara. Zabi wata isasshen dabarun shekaru biyar ko shida na shekaru sannan ku yanke tsintsiyar daga saman rassan.Yanke a tsawon ya kamata ya kai daga 10 zuwa 15 santimita. Duk ƙananan ƙananan farantin ganye dole ne a yanke daga gare su, yayin da nau'i ɗaya ko biyu na ƙananan ganye zai kasance. Ana buƙatar ɗaukar ƙananan ɓangarorin da aka shirya cutukan na tsawon awanni 6 zuwa 12 a cikin shiri wanda ke ƙarfafa ci gaban tushe. Suna buƙatar a wanke su a cikin ruwa mai tsabta kuma a dasa su a cikin wani sanyi mai sanyi a wani kusurwa, riƙe da tazara tsakanin su 30 mm mm. Inasa a cikin gidan shinkafa dole ne ta kasance mai tsabta, dole ne a rufe farfaɗinta da yashi, kauri zai iya bambanta daga 7 zuwa 10 santimita. Wajibi ne cewa dome na gidan kore ya kasance daga saman firam a nesa na santimita 15-20. Itatuwa masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar shayarwa, wanda aka za'ayi ta amfani da karamin sieve, tunda ruwa bai kamata ya gudana ta hanyar rafi ba. Lokacin da aka shayar da tsintsaye, ya kamata a rufe gidan kore. Tabbatar cewa shinkafar ba ta da zafi fiye da digiri 25. A wannan batun, zai zama dole don aiwatar da iska mai tsari, saboda wannan zai zama dole don cire ɗanɗanar kore na ɗan lokaci. Tabbatar cewa kasar gona tayi dan kadan a kowane lokaci. Bayan kwanaki 15-20, sai a yanke tsiran, sai a ba da asalinsu, bayan wannan wajibi ne a ci gaba da yin tauraronsu. Don yin wannan, da farko an tsabtace Dome na kore a rana. Kuma a lõkacin da kananan ne kadan acclimatized, da greenhouse Dome an cire da dare. Lokacin da cuttings suna kwanaki 21 da haihuwa, ya kamata su riga sun kafa ƙaƙƙarfan tushen tsarin fibrous. Don haɓaka su, kuna buƙatar sauke su akan gado horo. Bayan an yanke tushen, za su buƙaci kayan miya, don wannan suna amfani da takin mai ma'adinai (na lita 10 na ruwa 30 grams na ammonium nitrate) ko slurry wanda aka narke sau 6-8 tare da ruwa. Kula da yankan yayi kama da kula da dazuzzuka manya. Lokacin da lokacin kaka mai zuwa ya zo, za a iya dasa shukar ɓarawon a wani wuri mai ɗorewa.
Sake bugun irgi ta sanya farashi
Don farawa, ya kamata ka zaɓi rassan shekaru biyu masu haɓaka mai ƙarfi ko haɓaka mai tushe na shekara-shekara. Masana sun ba da shawara don tono yadudduka a cikin bazara, nan da nan bayan kasar gona ta warms sama da kyau. Ganyen a dole ne a hadar da shi sama, hadu dashi da leveled. Bayan haka, ana yin tsagi a cikin ƙasa wanda aka sanya harbe da kuka zaɓa, kuma ya kamata a lura cewa ya kamata su yi girma a kusa da ƙasa kamar yadda zai yiwu. Bayan an tsayar da harbe a cikin tsagi, ya zama dole a tsunkule filo. Bayan tsawo daga cikin kananan matasa harbe daga girma daga buds ya kai 10 zuwa 12 santimita, za su bukatar a cika har zuwa rabi tare da ƙasa na gina jiki ko humus. Bayan kwanaki 15-20, tsayin harbe zai kai santimita 20 zuwa 20 zuwa 27, kuma suna buƙatar sake sake rufe su da rabin ƙasa. Rarrabewa da kafewar itace da dasawa zuwa wani sabon wurin dindindin zai yuwu a lokacin bazara ko kuma bazara mai zuwa.
Yaduwa da damsel ta rarraba daji
Yana da kyau a yada daji na dwarf daji kawai idan kun kasance dasawa da daji daji. Wannan shawarar ana bada shawara don aiwatar da shi a farkon lokacin bazara kafin daga nan sai kumbura su yi girma, da kuma lokacin kaka 4 makonni kafin sanyi na farko. A daji da aka haƙa, kuna buƙatar datsa tsoffin rassan, kuma cire cire ƙasa daga tushen. Sannan an yanka rhizome zuwa sassa da yawa. Ya kamata a haifa tuna cewa delenka yakamata ya sami akalla ingantaccen harbe biyu, da ingantaccen tsarin tushen. Ya kamata a yanke tushen tsohuwar, kuma a rage ragowar. Sa'an nan delenki dasa a cikin sababbin wurare.
Karin kwari da cututtuka na Irgi
Irga yana da cikakkiyar juriya ga cututtuka da kwari. A lokuta da dama, yana iya yin rashin lafiya tare da launin toka (septoria), bushewa daga rassan (tarin fuka), da kuma tabin ganye.
Idan tsiron ya kamu da cutar tarin fuka, abu na farko da suke yi shine fara haɓaka da bushe faranti, bayan haka rassan su bushe, sai kuma tarin tarin fuka a farfajiya. Ya kamata a yanka kuma ya lalace. Itselfauren da kanta a cikin bazara ana bi da ita tare da cakuda Bordeaux ko sulphate jan karfe.
Idan taron ya bayyana cewa shrimp ya shafa tabin hankali, to ana iya ganin filayen launin ruwan kasa-kasa a saman busasshen ganyayyaki da suka mutu. Ya kamata a yanke ɗan itacen da ya kamu da cutar kuma a ƙone shi. Kafin da bayan fure, ya kamata a fesa ciyawar tare da cakuda Bordeaux.
Idan kamuwa da launin toka, tokare na launin ruwan kasa sun bayyana akan faranti na ganye, sannu a hankali suna ƙaruwa da girma. Ganyen ganye fararen kansu sun zama mai launin toka, furfura mai launin toka mai bayyana a farfajiya. Sannan ganyen ya mutu. Grey rot kawai yana shafar bushes wanda yawan danshi yana cikin asalin sa. Dangane da haka, cikin hanzari a sake tsarin jigilar ban ruwa ko tura daji zuwa wani wurin da ruwan karkashin kasa yake. Don hanawa da dalilai na warkewa, ya kamata a fesa daji tare da cakuda Bordeaux, Oksikhom, Topaz ko Kuproksat.
Mafi yawansu, irin wannan shuka ana iya shafawa da asu na speckled asu da mai ci irgus. Mai ci iri yana zaune a cikin berries kuma yana ci tsaba, ƙirar ta tana faruwa ne a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa. Caterpillars na asu-mittens min faranti na farantin faranti, saboda abin da suke fara bushewa da bushewa. Don kawar da irin waɗannan kwari masu cutarwa, ya zama dole don fesa shuka tare da Karbofos, Actellik ko Fufanon.
Nau'in Irgi tare da hoto
An riga an ambata a sama cewa 'yan lambu suna yin ciyawar ɗan ciyayi fiye da 10. Wasu nau'in za a yi bayanin su a ƙasa.
Spiny grouse (Amelanchier spicata)
Wannan itaciyar bishiya ko shukar itace ta kai tsayin mita 5. Yana da rassa masu yawa waɗanda suka samar da kambi mai kyau. Launin kananan rassan launin ruwan kasa-ja ne, kuma na manya mai launin toka ne. Faranti mai siffa-ƙwallan ƙwallan ƙwallon ƙafa sun kai tsawon mil 50 da faɗin kusan 25 mm. Lokacin bayyanar, suna da fararen fata, lokacin bazara suna da launin koren duhu mai duhu, kuma a cikin kaka ana fenti su da launuka daban-daban na ruwan lemu-ja. Gajere madaidaiciya inflorescences ya ƙunshi furanni masu ƙanshi waɗanda farin fari ko ruwan hoda. Zagaye 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau a diamita sun kai 10 mm, suna da baki da shunayya, kuma a farfajiya akwai rufin mai haske. Irin wannan shrimp yana da tsayayya ga sanyi, fari, gas da hayaki. Lokacin girma shine daga Afrilu zuwa farkon watan Oktoba. Wurin haihuwa irin wannan shine Arewacin Amurka.
Olkhol'naya igra (Amelanchier alnifolia)
Nativeasar asalin wannan nau'in ma ita ce Arewacin Amurka, ko kuma, yankuna na tsakiya da yamma. Irin wannan irgi ya fi son yin girma a cikin gandun daji, kan tsaunuka da kuma gabar koguna da rafuffuka. Wannan nau'in yana da inuwa. A farfajiya na matasa mai tushe, ganye da kuma buds, tattara a tseren tsefe inflorescences, akwai pubescence. Ganyen furannin furanni suna da fitila ta tsaye, saboda wannan, ba za'a iya ganin tsakiyar su. Siffar 'ya'yan itatuwa baƙi fata ne, mai elongated. Noma tun 1918.
Kanada Irga ta Kanada (Amelanchier canadensis)
Irin wannan irgi ya fi son yin girma tare da bankunan koguna da Wuraren ruwa, gami da raƙuman duwatsu. Itacen ya kai mita 6 a tsayi, kuma itaciyar - daga mita 8 zuwa 10. Abun da ya fi girma kananan abubuwa Farantin ganye na Ovate ya kai tsawon santimita 10. Da farko suna da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, kamar dai an ji, a lokacin rani suna da launin toka-toka, kuma a cikin watannin kaka ana fentin su cikin sautunan launin-tokare daban-daban. Tsarin drooping racemose inflorescences ya hada da furanni 5 zuwa 12 na fararen launi, sun bambanta sosai da haske mai tushe mai haske. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari zagaye na duhu masu duhu shuɗi launi an rufe su da fure mai haske. Wannan nau'in yana da tsayayya hunturu, baya gabatar da buƙatu na musamman akan ƙasa da matakin danshi, kuma yana da matukar ado. Nuna tun 1623
Irga Lamarck (Amelanchier lamarckii)
A duk tsawon lokacin, wannan shuka yana da ban sha'awa sosai. A wannan batun, ana amfani dashi sau da yawa don gyaran wurare a cikin plantings na rukuni ko kuma a matsayin solo shuka. Irgu Lamarca da irgu na Kanada ana amfani da su sau da yawa a matsayin hannun jari don bishiran apple da pears, yayin da suke ƙara juriya na sanyi na scion, haka kuma iyawarta ta girma a cikin ƙasa mai laushi sosai, wanda ba shi da tsabta don bishiran bishiyoyi.
Cervix abu ne mai kyau, ko talakawa (Amelanchier ovalis)
Wurin haifan wannan nau'in shine Kudancin da Tsakiyar Turai. Ya fi son girma a cikin bushe bushe, kamar, a cikin gandun daji, a cikin gandun daji, a kan gangara na kankara. Tsawon wannan shukar shine kusan santimita 250. Matasa harbe suna pubescent, wanda shine dalilin da yasa suke da launi mai launi. Bayan lokaci, mai tushe ya zama ya zama mai haske kuma ya zama mai haske, kuma ya juye launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Leafan itacen ganye mai ɗorewa ya yi aiki a gefen gefen, tsawon sa ya kai kusan 40 mm. Bayan ganye ya buɗe, yana kama da ji. A lokacin rani, ya zama duhu kore, kuma a cikin kaka - m-ja. A apical racemose inflorescences kunshi farin furanni wanda ya kai diamita 30 mm. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari-baƙar fata masu launin shuɗi a farfajiya suna da alamar haske. Wannan nau'in yana tsayayya wa fari kuma ya fi son girma a kan ƙasa mai gina jiki mai mahimmanci. Don hunturu, wannan nau'in baya buƙatar tsari kawai a yankuna na kudu. Nuna tun karni na 16.
Baya ga nau'ikan da aka ambata a sama, 'yan lambu sun yi karanci, santsi, igruas mai cike da furanni, yalwatacce fure, mai daɗi, Asiya, Bartramovskaya, Kuzika, obovate, jini-ja, jut da Jack iguaries.
Iesungiyoyin iergi: fa'idodi da cutarwa
M Properties na Irgi
Fruitsa fruitsan Irgi sun haɗa da pectins, mono-da disaccharides, bitamin C, P, A, bitamin B, abubuwan da aka gano, jan ƙarfe, cobalt, tannins, flavonols, fiber, malic acid da sauran abubuwan da ake buƙata kuma suna da amfani ga jikin ɗan adam. Wannan 'ya'yan itacen yana dauke da sinadarin carotene da ascorbic acid mai yawa, waɗannan abubuwan suna da magungunan antioxidants masu ƙarfi, godiya garesu jurewar jikin mutum ga cututtukan da ke haifar da damuwa da haɓaka, haɓakar cutar ta Alzheimer yana raguwa, kuma suma suna hana ci gaba da cutar kankara. Bugu da kari, carotene, wanda yake a cikin Irga, yana taimakawa haɓaka hangen nesa, warkar da makanta cikin dare da hana ci gaban cututtukan fata. Pectins, waɗanda suke ɓangare na 'ya'yan itacen, suna inganta aiki na zuciya, rage adadin ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin jini, kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga cirewar ƙarfe masu nauyi, radionuclides da sauran gubobi daga jiki. Ruwan 'ya'yan itace da aka matse daga bishi ana amfani dashi wajen maganin enterocolitis da colitis, domin yana da maganin kashe kumburi da gyaran fuska. Ana bada shawarar cin irin waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa ga waɗanda ke fama da hauhawar tashin hankali ko rashin bacci, saboda suna da tasiri. An nuna Irga don ciwon sukari, alal misali, an shirya kayan ado daga cikin haushi, wanda ake amfani da shi don wanke bakin, kuma ana amfani da gruel daga foliage a matsayin damfara don raunuka.
Contraindications
Bai kamata a ci Irgu da hypotensives ba, kazalika da mutane masu haƙuri. Tunda wadannan 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da karfi kwantar da hankalin su, ya kamata a ci su da kulawa ta hanyar wadanda ke tukawa. Babu sauran contraindications.
