Roawan da ke hawa occupwanƙwalwa suna mamaye wani yanki na musamman na ƙirar lambu - Aikin gona na tsaye. Amfani da tsirrai, zaku iya ƙirƙirar shinge, shinge da adon adon.
Plantsarancin tsire-tsire masu rikitarwa don rufe gine-ginen da ba a cika gani ba, haskaka tsoffin bishiyoyi da ginshiƙai
Abubuwan ƙirar halitta na hawan wardi, suna amfani da ƙira
A cikin aikin gona, kowa ya kira shi da wicker jinsunan wardi, forming wattled harbe. Waɗannan tsire-tsire ne waɗanda ke iya yin matsi tare tare da ƙaya, don yawo, don hawa nesa mai nisa tare da tallafi.
Iri hawan hawan ko hawa dutse ya kasu kashi uku:
- ragwan giya;
- Klimmers
- klaymbings.
Ramblers ya faru a sakamakon tsallake wardi na Vihurayna da wardrora da yawa. Waɗannan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu rarrafe masu launuka masu launin shuɗi mai launi, waɗanda aka rufe da dunƙule masu laushi.
Furannin furanni har zuwa 2.5 cm a diamita na iya zama mai sauƙi, terry na launuka daban-daban. Fulawa tana faruwa sau ɗaya a cikin watan Yuni - Yuli kuma yakan ɗauki kwanaki 30-35.
An ɗaure furanni na fure a kan harbe biennial. Godiya ga sassauci da saurin magana na harbe, tsire-tsire na iya yin ado da kowane ƙira.
Ganin hauhawar wardiAn karɓi Klimmers bayan sun tsallake rami tare da gidajen shayi, da kayan girke-girke da kuma giya na kungiyar floribunda. Waɗannan tsire-tsire masu ƙarfi ne, ana haɓaka su da sauri girma da tsayi tsayi (2-4 m). Furanni sama da 4 cm a diamita ana rarrabe ta launi daban-daban.
Tsire-tsire suna fi hunturu-Hardy fiye da ramblers. Bambanta a cikin maimaita fure a kan harbe na yanzu shekara. Abubuwan harbe su ba su da sassauci, don haka sun dace da ado da kuma kayan tallafi na tsaye kawai.
Ra'ayin Rage-hawa na hawa wardiKlimbings - tsire-tsire sakamakon maye gurbi daga manyan-fure-fure-kala. Bambanci tsakanin waɗannan tsire-tsire shine manyan furanni har zuwa 11 cm a diamita, haɓaka mai ƙarfi na harbe.
A cikin tsakiyar Rasha, kusan kullun suna cutar da koniotirium, saboda haka suna girma ne kawai a yankuna na kudu.
Ganin hauhawar wardiShahararrun nau'ikan
Ga wani taƙaitaccen bayyananniyar irin nau'ikan haɓaka hawan wardi, shawarar don namo a kudanci da tsakiyar yankin aikin noma.
Goose
Daskararren shuka mai tsayi tare da tsayin 3 m ko sama. Ganyen suna da duhu kore, mai sheki, akwai ƙaya kaɗan. Furen furanni (4 cm a diamita) ana tattara su a cikin goge daga guda 5 zuwa 20.
Grase Snow GoosePolka
Itace mai tsayi da 2 m ko fiye. Ganyayyaki masu duhu kore, m, ƙarami. Furannin suna da yawa ninki biyu har zuwa 12 cm a diamita, pastel apricot ya dafa.
Bambancin PolkaGidan caca
Bush har zuwa 4 m na tsawo tare da ƙaƙƙarfan harbe-harbe da manyan spikes. Furen fure daga 8 zuwa 10 cm a inci na inuwa mai haske.
Kasuwancin KudiSantana
Matsakaicin tsayi na daji shine 3 m, harbe suna da ƙarfi tare da jijiyoyin bakin ciki. Bar an sassaka, m, kore mai haske. Furannin furanni masu haske ne mai haske, rakodi biyu-biyu na 8-10 cm.
Bambancin SantanaElf
Madaidaici daji 2-2.5 m high tare da karfi harbe da kuma manyan ganye. Furannin furen fari ne, kusa da tsakiyar greenish, tare da diamita na 10-14 cm.
Bambanci ElfLokacin zabar iri-iri, kuna buƙatar mayar da hankali kan karbuwa daga iri-iri zuwa yankin, juriya mai sanyi da kuma kamuwa da cutar.
Ya kamata a lura cewa namo aikin hawan wardi a tsakiyar da arewacin yankin aikin gona kuma yana buƙatar ɓataccen lokaci.
Shuka ta waje, namowa da kulawa
Inda za a shuka
Don dasa shuki hawan wardi, suna zaɓar yankin da ke da rana ba tare da stagnation na m iska. Inda za a shuka - don wannan, ganuwar gine-gine ko kuma bayanin kudu, hanyoyin kudu maso yamma sun dace sosai.
A maturation na shekara-shekara girma wanda aka dage farawa flower domin na gaba kakar ya dogara da matakin haske.
An tona wurin, cire tushen ciyayi. Shirya rami saukowa a gaba (50X50 cm). Don cika shi, haɗa abin da ke ciki daga abubuwan:
- turf ƙasa 50%;
- humus 20%;
- peat 10%;
- kogin yashi 10%;
- ya lalata yumbu 10%.
5 kilogiram na daskararre taki da 200 g na superphosphate suna kara a rijiyar, an zubar da ruwa.
A cikin bazara, ana shuka wardi daga Afrilu 20 zuwa 20 Mayu, a cikin kaka a farkon kwanaki goma na Satumba.
A tsakiyar ramin dasa shuki, ana kafa tudun dafawa, a ƙasa wanda tushen tsiron ya daidaita, an rufe shi, an shirya shi kuma an shayar dashi.
Wurin yin allurar rigakafin ya kamata ya kasance a cikin zurfin zurfin 3-4 cm karkashin ƙasa. Bayan dasa, an yanke harbe 15 15 daga ƙasa.
Yadda za a shuka da kuma kula da hawan dutse:
Yadda ake kulawa
Hawan wardi in mun gwada da rare amma yalwatacce watering ake bukata. A matsakaici, a lokacin rani sau ɗaya a mako don lita 10-20 na ruwa. Watering tsire-tsire madadin ta loosening kusa-da'irar da kuma weeding da weeds.
A cikin farkon farkon ci gaba, shuka ba zai buƙatar taki ba. Bayan haka, a hado furanni a lokuta da yawa tare da maganin ma'adanai da kwayoyin:
- a farkon bazara tare da bayani mai ruwa na nitonium nitrate (30 g / 10l), maimaita bayan kwanaki 15;
- lokacin haɓaka budaddiyar mahaɗan ma'adinai (NPK);
- kafin lokacin fure tare da maganin mullein (1: 10);
- bayan fure tare da hadaddun ma'adinai (NPK);
- a farkon shekaru goma na Satumba, superphosphate, gishiri gishiri.
Bayan hunturu za ku buƙaci kulawa: wardi yanke daskarewa da daskararre harbe zuwa lafiya nama. An rarraba ragowar harbe a farfajiyar ƙasa.
Bayan wani lokaci, harbe na canzawa zai yi girma. Lokacin da suka kai 50 cm a tsayi, tsohuwar harbe an ɗaure ta daga goyon baya.
Bayan lokacin furanni, ana datse su, suna barin 1-2 mafi ƙarfi don ƙirƙirar ƙashi na daji, rage gaɓoɓin gefen by 2-3 buds.
Baya ga tallafin wucin gadi na fure-fure, zaku iya amfani da shuki ko bishiyoyi. Ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa mutum ba zai iya zaɓar tsire-tsire ba tare da tushen ƙwararraki da tashin hankali ba azaman abokan tarayya a cikin fure.
Zaɓuɓɓuka masu kyau: ash dutse, pear, dusar ƙanƙara, itacen apple, larch ko Pine.
Farfadowar hawan wardi
Tsirrai suna haifuwa ta hanyoyi uku: yanke, layering da budding.
Yankan ana yin su ne a cikin faduwa bayan lokacin furanni.. Dasa kayan suna yankan daga harbe da aka dasa-rabi. Ana yin sashin ƙasa mai ɓoye a ƙarƙashin koda, babba na kai tsaye shine 0,5 cm sama da koda.
Shank ya zama tsawon cm 6 cm tare da kodan 3-4. Bar ganyayyaki daga kasa an cire shi, sauran kuma dan kadan an goge shi.
Don tushen ganyen, an shirya kwantena cike da kayan abinci mai gina jiki. Ana yin ɓacin rai a tsakiyar kwandon cike da yashi. An dasa itacen kamar yadda aka yanka a cikin yashi, ana binne shi da kashi 2/3.
Babban yanayin don dasa tushen - tsawanta samar da hasken baƙi da zazzabi na 23 ° -25 ° C. Sabili da haka, an ba da shawarar rufe kwantena tare da fenti ko murfi tare da zane mai ba da haske, kuma sanya filayen a cikin wurin da aka fi haske.
Shuka kulawa ya haɗa da shayarwa kamar yadda daskararru ke bushewa, fesa ganyayyaki sau da yawa a rana, iska bayan bayyanar tsiro. Matsakaici, tushen yana faruwa bayan kwanaki 30.
Yankan ana yin su ne a cikin faduwa bayan lokacin furanni.Don yaduwa ta hanyar farawa, ana zaɓan ƙwararrun matasa masu lafiyagirma a gindi daga tushe mai wuya. M suyi m grooves m.
Harbe an jefa ganyen a ciki, a haɗe da taimakon asirin gashi kuma an rufe shi da wani keɓaɓɓen sakin layi, barin fiɗa a farfajiya. A wuraren tuntuɓar rassan tare da ƙasa, an yi ƙananan incisions.
Amfani yana canzawa yayin da yake bushewa. A ƙarshen bazara, cuttings sun samo tushe, duk da haka, an raba su ne kawai lokacin bazara mai zuwa, da talauci mai tasowa bayan shekara guda.
Hanyar yaduwa ta hanyar budding mafi yawancin ana yin shi ne kawai ta hanyar kwarewar lambu. Wannan taron yana buƙatar cikakken lura da mahimman hanyoyin da wasu ƙwarewa.
An gudanar da bikin a watan Agusta-Satumba. Tushen wuyan hannun jari an tsabtace shi daga ƙasa zuwa manyan Tushen, an cire ƙananan harbe. Ana yin sashin T-sashi akan wuyan tushe.
A matsayin scion, an yanke peephole tare da yanki na haushi da kuma bakin ciki na itace (garkuwa) an yanke shi daga tsakiya na tsakiyar harbe-kwance lignified. Matsakaicin gwargwadon sifa shine 2-3 cm, kasancewar ganye ɗaya na ganye yana da wajibi.
Gaban gejin da aka saƙa a wuyan tushen ba ya ƙage, an saka garkuwa, an matse shi sosai a itace kuma an ɗaura shi da kayan taushi. Ya kamata koda a bude yake.
Kuna iya yanke hukuncin nasarar taron a cikin kwanaki 15. A wannan yanayin, koda yakamata ya riƙe launinsa na asali da haɓaka, kuma petiole na iya motsawa daga sauƙi ko da tushe.
Sake bugun hawan wardi:
Shiri da tsari na hunturu
Mafi mahimmancin sashin girki wardi shine shirya don hunturu. Ko da duk da rikodin ƙarfin sanyi na rikodin nau'ikan mutum, wannan ra'ayi shine game da damar da shuka ke iya yin tsayayya da wani ƙarancin zafin jiki.
Barazanar kullun ga wardi shine canje-canje yanayin zafin jiki akai-akai. da sauran bala'in hunturu.
Don shiri tsirrai a watan Agusta, suna ciyar daga takin zamani narkar da a cikin 10 na ruwa:
- superphosphate 25 g;
- potassium sulfate 10 g;
- Boers 3,5 g.
An tsara ƙarar don 4 m2. Tun daga watan Agusta ware fitar da takin nitrogen.
Wani rigar miya ana yi ne a farkon kwanaki goma na Satumba, maganin magance ruwa na potassium sulfate da superphosphate (15 g / 15 g / 10 l). A lokaci guda, ana dakatar da fitar da harbe da toshe ƙasa daga ƙasa.
A farkon Oktoba, ana cire tsire-tsire daga kayan tallafi, ana sare harbe marasa amfani. Bayan kwana guda, ana zubar da buhu biyu na yashi a tsakiyar bushes. Bayan haka, an cire dukkan ganyayyaki kuma a bi da su da maganin fungicidal.
A farkon Oktoba, ana cire tsire-tsire daga kayan tallafi, an zuba buhuna na yashi 2-3 a tsakiyar bushes, an cire ganye dukaHar sai an saita zazzabi a ƙasa 0 ° C, an haɗa harbe a cikin ɗayan kunshin. Wadanda aka taru sun sunkuyar don kada su taɓa ƙasa kuma an daidaita su da waya.
A saman harbe-harbe, ana gyara garkuwar katako a cikin nau'i na rufinta hanyar gyara tsubbunan. An saka fim ɗin filastik mai yawa akan tsari. An rufe ƙarshen ne kawai a farkon watan Nuwamba, wanda girman garkuwa ya shirya shi.
Danshi yana da haɗari a lokacin hunturu na wardi, don haka bai kamata ya fada cikin tsari ba. Don hana harbe harbe daga narkewa a lokacin ɗimara tsawon lokacin, ana buɗe ƙarshen mafaka a ɗan, kuma lokacin da aka kafa yanayi mafi kyau, garkuwar tana cire gaba ɗaya.
Duk da takamaiman fasali na fure, yawancin lambu sunyi nasarar shuka irin tsire-tsirecanza shafin tare da launuka masu haske da kyawun bayyanar sa.
Sirrin cin nasarar su mai sauki ne - wannan kyakkyawar fahimta ce game da sifofin, kyakkyawan ilimi da kuma cikakkiyar yarda da fasahar aikin gona na al'adu.
