Idan kana son samun matsakaicin matsakaicin tsirrai daga rasberi, to ba za ka iya barin ya yi girma da nauyi ba. Tare da tarin berries na yau da kullun ba tare da zama dole da kulawar da ta dace ba, zai ba kawai 25% na yiwu. Akwai hanya daya kawai - don shirya shi don hunturu. Sanin yadda ake girbe raspberries yadda yakamata a lokacin bazara zai taimaka wajen adana tsiron kuma samar da kanka ga amfanin gona don shekara mai zuwa.
Yaushe za a datsa raspberries
Ana girbe bushes ɗin Rasberi domin cimma waɗannan sakamako:
- thinning bushes don samun wadataccen adadin haske da iska;
- haɓaka yawan aiki;
- resistanceara yawan juriya na bushes zuwa sanyi;
- hana hunturu na kwari da cututtukan fungal a cikin harbe;
- m waje na bushes.
Sun ce yana da kyau a yanka raspberries a cikin kaka, kuma ba a cikin bazara ba, tunda fungi da kwari suna kasancewa a cikin mai tushe don hunturu. Kuna iya datsa su a cikin bazara, saboda a wannan lokacin zaku iya gani a cikin wane yanayi daji, abin da dole ne a cire harbe don aiwatar da tsabtace tsabta.
Zai yi wuya a nuna ainihin lokacin girkin kaka, amma babban siginar da za a fara aikin ita ce ƙarshen fruiting. Masana sun bayar da shawarar girbe raspberries makonni 3-4 kafin fara sanyi (wasu yan lambu sun tabbatar da cewa yafi dacewa a datsa yadda za'a gyara raspberries bayan sanyi na farko). A sakamakon haka, lokacin girbi kaka ya bambanta daga Yuli zuwa Oktoba.
Raspberries bukatar a kai a kai na bakin ciki fitar sabõda haka, ba ya diverge a cikin breadth
Wasu yan lambu kuma suna amfani da girkin bazara. An yi shi don haɓaka samuwar matasa mai tushe da haɓaka haihuwa. Kuna iya iyakance girman haɓakar daji na rasberi, saboda wannan duk matasa masu tushe suna yanke a kusa da babban daji.
Banbancin ra'ayi
Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce an gane shine yadda ake yin rasberi kamar yadda Sobolev ya ambata, wanda aka sanya wa suna bayan ƙungiyar Rashanci ta samar da rasberi. Ba ya buƙatar shiri na musamman, koda mai farawa zai jimre anan.
Dangane da wannan hanyar, kwanakin pruning suna faɗi a cikin bazara da kaka. An fara yin kwalliyar farko a watan Mayu-Yuni, lokacin da harbe suka girma zuwa mita 1. Daga baya, irin wannan aikin ba shi da amfani, tunda mai tushe ba su da lokaci don ƙarfafa kafin sanyi. A cikin bazara, an yanke mai tushe zuwa 15 cm, kuma a cikin kaka - zuwa ƙasan ƙasa don shirya raspberries don hunturu.
Yadda za a datsa rasberi bushes a cikin fall
Ingancin yankan Rasberi a cikin faduwa ya hada da wadannan matakai:
- Wajibi ne a datse bushe, mara lafiya da rauni shekara guda, haka kuma shekara biyu da ke ba da 'ya'ya. Harbe na Biennial ya bambanta da harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara a launi da haushi. Gashi ne mai duhu, launin shekara daya yana da haske launin ruwan kasa ko haushi mai launin kore.
Bayan mun girbe, dole a cire duk rassan biennial.
- Ana datse tushe tare da ƙasa, matsakaicin matsakaicin mayfin zai iya zama cm 5 Idan ka bar babban kututture 20-30 cm, zasu iya kamuwa da cututtuka tare da zama mafaka ga kwari.
- Ana yin sare da datti da bushewa da hannu, amma ya fi kyau a yi amfani da injin. Domin kada ku fasa kunnuwanku, kuna buƙatar sa safofin hannu, zaku iya amfani da tsararraki a kan madaidaiciyar hannu.
Gudun bushes rashen rassa suna da saukin kamuwa ga cututtuka da yawa: sun zama ƙanana, adadinsu kuma yana wahala
- Game da shan kashi tare da rasberi-kara gall Midge, shekara daya ya kamata a yanke harbe a kasa da thickening (wannan shine inda larvae kwaro suke). Kuna iya barin kututture na 40-60 cm, wasu suna yankan su da tushe.
- Idan launin ruwan kasa ko baƙi ne da ake iya gani akan harbe, wannan yana nuna cutar tabkin fata. Dole ne a cire daji gaba daya. A cikin halin da ake ciki na gano aibobi akan harbe ɗaya ko biyu, ana iya yanke su ƙarƙashin tushe.
- Kuna buƙatar barin harbe 6-10 masu lafiya na shekara guda a kowace daji, gwargwadon ƙarancinsa.
- A cikin shekara mai tushe, bayan 'ya'yan itace, ana iya sare yatsun ta hanyar cm 20-30. Idan kun yi wannan magudin, wannan zai iya shafar hunturu da kayan amfanin shekara mai zuwa.
Rasberi rasaccen kayan zaki ne da ganyayyaki.
- Duk an datse harbe an hada su an kuma kone su, saboda cututtukan da kwari zasu iya shafawa.
Bidiyo: Rage raspberries a cikin bazara
Yadda za a datsa tsufa (anti-tsufa pruning)
Daidaitaccen rasberi ana shuka shi akan ƙasa ɗaya na kimanin shekara 10, shekaru 15-18 ana ɗaukar matsakaicin lokacin, tunda an riga an yanke ƙasa sosai a wannan lokacin, musamman idan ba a hadu dashi ba. Yawan amfanin gona ya ragu sosai ba kawai saboda ƙasa ba, har ma saboda tsufa tushen sa. Tasirin yanayin zafi, kwari da cututtuka suna hana kodan kwanciya daga kullun, wanda daga baya harbe-harben maye da zuriya suke bayyana.
Ba tare da ingantaccen girki ba, overgrowths na iya bayyana akan daji, wanda ke haifar da yawa, amma nicks bai kara yawan amfanin ƙasa
Wanda yake lambu yakan nemi ya kiyaye amintaccen iri ne, kuma ba ya shuka wani, don haka ya kamata a sake ɗanƙasa tsiron.
Za'a iya yin wannan kamar haka:
- A watan Satumba, ya wajaba a zurfafa shebur kusa da matalauta bushes ga duka zurfin a wani ɗan kusurwa zuwa daji. Wannan aikin ya kamata a yi shi ko'ina cikin daji;
- Babban tushen za a yanka, za a iya fitar da daji tare da tushe. Kuna buƙatar duba don kada zuriyar asalin ta lalace, saboda ainihin asalinsu shine asalin hanyar. Ya kamata ku daina fitar da dukkan bushes a lokaci guda, yana da kyau kuyi haka don ziyartar da yawa a shekara, in ba haka ba kuna buƙatar zama gaba ɗaya ba tare da berries ba;
- Rami daga cikin bushes suna rufe humus ko takin kuma an shayar dasu. A cikin bazara, an kara takin ma'adinai a wannan wurin. Don haka, ragowar bushes ɗin zasu ɗauki berries, kuma sababbin harbe tare da asalinsu zasu bayyana a ƙasa da aka haƙa. A cikin shekara guda, za su sami isasshen ƙwayar cuta.
Don haka shekaru da yawa yana samuwa don sake farfado da rasberi, ba tare da daina ɗaukar berries ba.
Yadda za a datsa raspberries
Ba kowa ba ne ya fahimci cewa akwai banbanci sosai a cikin kaciya ta raspberries gargajiya da remontana. A farkon, ana kafa berries akan harbe shekaru biyu, a cikin remontant, an kafa su ne a shekara. Wannan yana tasiri sosai akan hanyar yankan harbe.
Rasberi mai cirewa yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa, ingantaccen dandano, daidaita da kyau zuwa yanayin yanayi daban-daban
Kowane daji yana da kusan manyan harbe 8-10, kuma harbe-harbe na shekara-shekara sun riga sun fito daga gare su. Don samun mafi yawansu, kuna buƙatar pin da ma'anar haɓakar kowane shoot, to, zai ba da ƙarin harbe 4-5. Sakamakon binciken da ake buƙata shi ma zai buƙaci a yanke shi da 10 cm don samun sabon keɓaɓɓen. A shekara mai zuwa, ana sare harbe a cikin daji domin ya yi kauri sosai, kuma wadanda suke waje suna zama cikin kwanciyar hankali. Sakamakon haka, daga cikin 10 mai tushe, yana da haƙiƙanin samun kusan 100, kuma dukkan su za su yi 'ya'ya daidai.
Tsabtace kayan girki na rasberi ya haɗa da cire tsoffin harbe
Yaren mutanen Holland yankuna sun yanke raspberries a kaka, a sakamakon abin da suka samu kyakkyawan sakamako: 30 kilogiram na berries daga daji lokacin kakar. A nan dole ne mu manta game da kayan miya da kuma wadataccen ruwa, tun da yawan berries suna buƙatar ma'adinai da yawa da sauran abubuwan haɗin, waɗanda basu isa ba a cikin ƙasa.
Aiki a cikin raspberries a cikin kaka ana aiwatar da shi ne kawai bayan da bushes ya cika shekaru biyu da haihuwa. Kuna iya ma'amala da shi bayan tattara matsanancin girbi, lokacin da sanyi ya zo kuma ganye ya faɗi. Duk manyan harbe an yanyanka kusan a kan cinye tare da ƙasa, riƙe ƙananan kututture na 5-7 cm, matasa masu tushe an yanke gaba ɗaya. Idan ba ku datsa raspberries a cikin kaka, to, a cikin bazara da bushes girma undersized, da iri-iri na iya rasa ikon gyara.
Yadda ake aiwatar da abinci bayan
Ana aiwatar da riguna na kaka lokacin da aka yanke shinge kuma an dasa ƙasa a ƙarƙashinsa.
Kuna iya yin irin takin zamani:
- sanya tsintsayen tsuntsu a cikin ruwa mai ruwa cikin duk shuka;
- an gabatar da taki kafin sanya shi don haɗa shi da ƙasa. Ba wai kawai takin zamani ba ne, har ma babbar hanya don rufe rhizomes a cikin hunturu. Amfani da murabba'in murabba'in 1 - kilogiram 4-6. Ba za ku iya sa taki fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin shekaru 3, yana da kyau ku canza shi da wasu takin mai magani.
- Tashin hankali ana ɗaukarsa mai kyawun miya ne. An samo shi daga asarar shuka (ganyen bishiyoyi, fi, kwari, ciyawa), waɗanda ke saman-zafi lokacin rani;
- zaku iya dasa siderates: blue lupine, mustard, vetch oats. An shuka su a watan Yuni, kuma kafin hunturu su rufe shi a cikin ƙasa. Suna lalacewa kuma sun zama cikakken taki ta bazara.
- ƙara peat yana wadatar da ƙasa rasberi. Yakamata a hada wannan abun tare da sauran kayan sakawa, don kada su wuce shi;
- Ana amfani da takin ma'adinai (superphosphates, potassium salt) ga ƙasa akan farashin 40-60 g a kowane daji. An zana furanni tsakanin layuka a nesa na akalla 30 cm daga daji kuma an zuba taki a wurin.
Bai kamata a gabatar da takin na Nitrogen ba, tunda suna haifar da haɓaka mai ƙarfi, kuma dole ne a girka raspberries bayan daskarewa. Amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen zai iya haifar da daskarewa na shuka a cikin hunturu.
Bushes ɗin Rasberi suna girma da kyau kuma suna ba da girbi mai yawa a cikin ƙasa mai ƙasa a cikin magunguna
Tunanin takin raspberries a cikin bazara, kalli bayyanar tsirrai. Zai nuna bukatar yin amfani da takin zamani:
- karancin ci gaba da rawaya daga tsakiyar ganyen har zuwa gefen na nuni da rashin sinadarin magnesium;
- Rashin potassium yana haifar da bayyanar launin gefuna launin ruwan kasa a cikin ganyayyaki, bushes ba hunturu da kyau;
- idan ganyayyaki masu launin shuɗi tare da jijiyoyin kore, wannan yana nuna karancin ƙarfe;
- lokacin da babu isasshen phosphorus, mai tushe sun zama bakin ciki;
- idan ganye a kan bushes ƙanana, yellowish, raspberries rasa nitrogen. Yawan wuce haddirsa yana bayyana a cikin matsanancin girma na ganye da mai tushe, berries marasa tushe sun sauka, yawan aiki yana raguwa.
Don haka, girbin kaka na raspberries ya zama dole duka gargajiya da iri iri. Yana ba ku damar shirya tsire-tsire da kyau don hunturu, don tabbatar da juriyarsu da juriya ga cututtuka, kwari masu cutarwa. Idan ba a samar da shi ba, to shekara mai zuwa amfanin gona rasberi zai yi ƙasa sosai.
