Eterayyade ingancin alamu

Bayan ya mallaki yanki nasa, mai ba da shawara na ƙasa mai ba da shawara ko mazaunin rani ya fara aikin aikin lambu tare da inganta ƙasa. Amma ci gaba ne? Idan rukunin yanar gizon ya kasance a cikin ɗanyen ciyawar na shekaru da yawa, abu ne mai yiwuwa cewa shekaru da yawa, har ma da amfani mai zurfi, ƙasa ba ta buƙatar 'inganta'. Sabili da haka, don fara nasarar yin lambun ka, dole ne da farko:

ƙayyade yanayin jikinta (abun da ke ciki da tsarin sa),
acidity na ƙasa (acidic, alkaline, tsaka tsaki),
abun da ke ciki na sinadaran (wadatar abinci).

A karkashin amfanin gona kayan lambu, ana iya inganta ƙasa tare da humus takin. Sparki

Abinda yafi dacewa shine wuce kasar gona zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje na musamman don bincike. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, zaku iya (kusan) farkon abin da ya ƙunshi ƙasa, matakin tsarinta da wadatar abubuwan gina jiki don tantancewa da kansa.

Abun da aka kera da tsarin kasar gona

Don da farko sanin nau'in ƙasa, kumatu ƙasa kaɗan kuma mirgine bagel.

Zobe mai santsi ba tare da fasa yana nuna cewa kuna da yumɓu.
Idan an rufe bagel da fasa da yawa - loam mai nauyi.
Tare da bushewar halitta ta donut, an rufe farfajiyarsa da ƙyamare da yawa - ƙasa ta kasance ta tsakiyar loam.
Idan jakar bagel ta fashe yayin nada waya, kuna da loam mai haske a gabanka.
Idan tsiran tsiro bai yi aiki ba, yakan fashe har ma lokacin da ake mirgina, maimakon cike ƙasa a gabanka yashi.
Idan a lokacin mirgine da bagel crumbles cikin kananan mutum lumps - yashi loam.

Don ƙayyade matakin tsarin ƙasa, ya isa a yanke wani yanki na ƙasa tare da felu kuma jefa shi cikin iska. Lokacin da faduwa, kasar da aka keɓance zata faɗa cikin abubuwa daban - guntu, hatsi, da sauransu. Heavyasa mai nauyi matacciya zata faɗo ƙamshin pancake gaba ɗaya, yashi kuwa sai ya zama turɓaya.

Duk waɗannan nau'ikan ƙasa suna buƙatar magani. Mai nauyi bazai bar ruwa ya ratsa ba. Kusan sun cika iska. Bayan ruwa, siffofin ɓawon burodi a kan irin wannan ƙasa, kuma ban ruwa da ruwan sama stagnate. Tsire-tsire suna cikin zalunci koyaushe. Yasa ta yashi zai yardar da ruwa baki ɗaya, ta hanyar ɗaukar takin da ake amfani da shi. Dole ne a kula da irin wannan ƙasa kafin amfani. Babban magani shine kwayoyin: ciyawa (saniya, doki, tumaki, da sauransu), humus, takin. Don haɓakar iska da tsarin nauyi (yumɓu) ƙasa, sawdust, yankakken ƙara (ba fiye da 5-6 cm) ciyawa ba, ciyawa, rassan itace, haushi zai taimaka. Yana da kyau a ƙara turɓaya da kasa na daji zuwa sandstones, a baya (daga kaka) ke rufe su da taki, peat, takin. A cikin bazara, shimfiɗa kan shafin da tono.

Organic ingantaccen ƙasa. Em F

Ana iya aiwatar da jiyya ta hanyoyi guda biyu:

Shekaru 2-3 ba su girma komai a shafin. Kawai magance magani. Baya ga kwayoyin halitta a cikin wannan lokacin, mamaye yankin a shekara-shekara ta gefen gewaye, shuka da tono, lokacin da ya kai girman 8-12 cm sau da yawa a kakar.
Gudanar da magani a layi daya tare da narkar da aikin lambu da dasa kayan amfanin gona. Idan hanya ta biyu ta fi dacewa da ku, ba za ku iya amfani da taki sabo don amfanin gona da iyakance ƙididdigar ta don digging kaka ba (fiye da guga 1 / sq. M). In ba haka ba, irin shuka da aka shuka za su ƙone.

Matsayin acidity na nau'ikan ƙasa

Ga al'ada ci gaba na shuke-shuke, dauki na ƙasa bayani yana da muhimmanci sosai. Kasar gona matakan matakan rarraba zuwa:

Acidarfin acidic. Wadannan sun hada da fadama kanana da tataccen kwari,
M Mafi sau da yawa waɗannan su ne ƙasa a ƙarƙashin amfanin gona coniferous, yumbu-soddy da peat bogs,
Da kadan acidic Soddy da Heather ƙasar
Matsakaici Babban kasa don shuka amfanin gona: sod, humus, deciduous, kowane nau'in chernozems da sauransu.
Alkaline da matuƙar alkaline. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙasa na carbonate tare da babban abun da ke cikin alli da mahallin.

Baya ga abubuwan gradations ɗin da ke sama, akwai kuma ƙasan salim.

Yawancin tsire-tsire suna girma sosai kuma suna haɓaka, samar da amfanin gona mai cikakken ƙarfi akan ƙasa mai tsaka tsaki. Za'a iya yin shuka amfanin gona a kan ɗan ƙaramin alkaline da slightlyasan acidic kaɗan, amma hanawar tsire-tsire waɗanda ke buƙatar acidity tsaka tsaki zai zama sananne.

Tabbataccen gwajin acidity na ƙasa

Idan ba zai yiwu ba a gudanar da bincike a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje na sinadarai, zaku iya siyan sikelin pH ko kuma murhun litmus tare da sikelin a cikin shagunan na musamman. Ya isa ya motsa a cikin kofin a dunƙule na duniya tare da ruwa da runtse gwajin litmus. Kwatanta tare da sikelin. Canjin da aka canza idan aka kwatanta shi da sikelin zai nuna alamar acidity na ƙasa. Don tsire-tsire masu ciyawa, ƙasa mafi kyau shine pH = 6.5-7.5.

Kwandon fiber na kwandon shara zai kuma taimaka inganta tsarin ƙasa.

Determinationaddarar ƙuduri na matakin ƙurawar ƙasa ta kayan lambu da ciyayi

Idan babu mai yin gwaji na pH, bai kara tsage litmus ba, zaku iya tantance kimanin acidity na kasar daga ciyawa.

A kan kasa mai karfi da matsakaici-acid, doki da lambun zobo suna da kusan sandyyi na rabin-mita. A kan irin wannan ƙasa, babban plantain ya karu, mai sihiri mai zurfi, Ivan da Marya tare da violet ɗin tricolor da cakura mai kyau. Kyakkyawan kafet ɗin kayan kwalliya na santsi na yau da kullun, yoan charancin kore zasu rufe wuraren bushewa na gida lokacin rani.

Matsakaici da kuma dan kadan acidic kasa a koyaushe an rufe shi a cikin bazara tare da koren kore harbe na amfanin gona na hunturu na Dill, albasa, salads. Farin da siririn layuka na Peas, dankali da wuri. Lingsalingsan itace na egganyen kwai, barkono mai zaki, da tumatir da sauri suna da tushe.

Idan babu hunturu ko farkon bazara shuka iri na kayan lambu, to, ciyawar alkama mai ba da ciyawa tare da shuka mai shuka, fure mai haske na coltsfoot, Clovers da filin bindigar wiwi suna tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ta dace da haɓaka yawancin kayan lambu.

Akwai ciyayi iri iri. Field bindweed tare da daidai nasara tsiro a kan dan kadan acid-tsaka tsaki-alkaline kasa. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar bincika ciyawar da ke raye a hankali. Akwai mai da yawa, 'yan fararen hular, da masassarar abinci, da mosses - ƙasa tana da acidic, kuma idan larkspur ta ci nasara, tarƙar alkaline ce.

Sideratimi kamar Clover na iya haɓaka tsarin ƙasa. Win Edwin

Amfanin gona yana buƙatar ƙasa tsaka tsaki. Canja wurin rauni acidic da rauni alkaline ƙasa. A duk sauran halaye, dole ne a warkar da kasar.

Binciken Gida na Gaggawa Acid

Tsarin ciyawa mara kyau? Akwai wasu hanyoyi da yawa da zaku iya yin gwajin sauri na gida don sanin matakin acidity ɗinku.

Hanyar 1 ya dace don ƙayyade acidity na ƙasa kafin ganye ya girma.

Yayyafa ƙasa tare da Layer na yatsunsu 1-2 a cikin ƙaramin kwano (ƙaramin farantin).
Mun bushe manyan saukad da ruwan tebur akan ƙasa a wurare da yawa.
Idan kumfa ya bayyana a saman ƙasa, to ƙasa tana tsaka tsaki ne. Idan babu amsa, to ƙasa tana acidic kuma tana buƙatar datse.

Ana amfani da hanyar 2 lokacin da akwai furanni masu duhu (baƙi, ruwan hoda mai duhu, ja) a cikin gidan tare da ruwan innabi (ba ruwan inabi). A cikin akwati tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, jefa dunƙule na ƙasa.

Idan ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya canza launi kuma kumfa ya bayyana a farfajiya, yana nufin cewa akwai isasshen ƙwayoyin salts a cikin ƙasa kuma yana da tsaka tsaki.
Idan mafita ya kasance ba canzawa - kasar gona acidic.

Ana amfani da hanyar 3 yawanci a lokacin rani. Tafasa shayi daga currant ko ceri ganye. Cool da kyau kuma jefa wasu ƙasa a cikin mafita.

Idan mafita ta zama ja, wannan na nuna cewa wurin yana da alamar acid kuma bai dace da kayan lambu ba.
Koren kore ko shuɗi mai launi na maganin yana nuna, bi da bi, tsaka tsaki ko ɗanɗanar ƙasa na acidic.

Dogaro da acidity na ƙasa, maganin yana canza launi. Ons simonsublime

Wadannan hanyoyi na tantance matakin acidity na ƙasa yawanci ana amfani da su idan an dasa shukokin ƙasa (conifers, hothers, rhododendrons).

Yaya za a canza acidity na ƙasa?

Don rage yawan acidity, acidic ƙasa ana yin amfani da su ana amfani da su

farar ƙasa
gari dolomite
Hadaya da takobi,
ƙasa alli
peat peat,
marl

Idan akwai masana'antu kusa da nan, to ana iya amfani da sharar sa don lalata ƙasa:

shale ash
sumunti ƙura
peat ash
lemun tsami.

A kan kasa mai haske, ya fi kyau amfani da gari dolomite. A kan nauyi, ƙirar dutse ko abubuwan ash suna da inganci.

Don haɓaka acidity, sun kawo ƙasa mai coniferous, peat doki, takin mai ma'adinai tare da amsawar acid mai aiki, ciyawa tare da rabin allurai-ripened. Ya kamata a lura cewa gabatarwar na dogon lokaci na takin mai ma'adinai a hankali yana sanya ƙasa, kuma tana buƙatar deoxidation na lokaci ɗaya ko gabatarwar kwayoyin halitta (taki, humus, takin). Manyan takin zamani mai kyau da deoxidizer mai kyau itace ash. Lokacin da aka ƙone cikin ash, (banda nitrogen), duk manyan abubuwan gina jiki da abubuwan abubuwan ganowa suna wanzuwa.

Alamar rashi mai gina jiki

Don haɓaka al'ada da haɓaka, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar daidaita adadin abubuwan gina jiki masu mahimmanci da abubuwan abubuwan ganowa. Rashin ƙarfi ko wuce haddi wani abu ne za'a iya gano shi kwatsam sakamakon binciken ƙwayoyin cuta na gabobin tsire-tsire. Amma, idan kun yi nisa da dakin gwaje-gwaje, zaku iya bincikar yanayin ƙasa da tsirrai ba tare da kayan aiki na musamman ba. Dangane da alamomin da suka dace, zaku iya yanke hukunci kai tsaye don ƙarancin wadatar abinci ko abubuwan ɓoye abubuwa. Abubuwan da aka gano suna da tasirin gaske akan asalin isasshen adadin kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙasa.

Tuna! Matattu, ƙananan, kayan marmari mara kyau sune farkon alamar rashin ƙarancin micronutrient a cikin ƙasa.

Rashin Nitrogen

Ci gaban lafiya, bai lalace da cutar ba, ana jinkirta tsirrai. Ganyayyaki suna samun launi mai launi mara haske, da ƙananan ganyayyaki suna yellowness. Dangane da babban tushe, ana ganyen ganyen a wani kusurwa mai kauri. Harbewa wani lokacin suna da launin ja.

Rashin nitrogen. Y Amy Kyauta

Yawan wuce haddi na nitrogen yana bada karuwa da yawaitar yawan ciyayi. Rashin isnadin fure. Wannan lokaci na samuwar 'ya'yan itacen yana jinkiri. Basu yayyafa ba.

Rashin Phosphorus

Ganyen suna da duhu sosai mai duhu tare da tabarau na launin shuɗi, ja, tagulla. Wasu al'adun suna da ganyen ja waɗanda ba halayensu bane. Babu kusan babu tabarau mai rawaya koda akan tsoffin ganye. Abun banƙara na ƙanana kaɗan, tsohuwar ta zama mai tabo. Lokacin bushewa, sai su zama baƙi. Flow yana jinkirtawa.

Rashin potassium

Yankakken variegation, a wasu tsire-tsire masu launin kore mai launin shuɗi. Bayyanar rashi farawa da tsakiyar ɓangaren harbe. A saman tsirrai, tabarmar chlorotic ta kewaye wuraren da ke cikin nama. The fi da gefuna da ƙananan ganye a cikin kananan tsire-tsire suna wrinkled, kunsa kansu. Tare da matsananciyar yunwa, gefuna na ganyen ya juya launin ruwan kasa da bushe, har ma da harbe mutum.

Chlorosis, alama ce ta farkon yunwar potassium. We George Weigel

Rashin magnesium

Ruwan ganye an lullube shi da mayuka (kusan fari) a manyan lamuran ganye. A cikin wasu tsirrai, launin murfin maraji ya zama ja ko shunayya. Cutar mutuwa a kusan ba a lura.

Rashin zinc

Ganyen suna kanana, kunkuntar, mai wuya ga tabawa. Tare da raba aibobi na chlorotic. An tattara a cikin safa mai yawa-ganye akan fi na matasa harbe. Ba ganye bane da ke mutuwa, amma sassanta daban-daban a duk faren ganye, suna ɗaukar jijiyoyin baya da na tsakiya. Abubuwan mamaci sun fashe.

Rashin zinc a cikin shuka. Ss Ross Brennan

Rashin ƙarancin Boron

Matsayin ci gaba na mai tushe na iska mai zurfi da kuma tushen tsarin ya mutu. An ƙirƙiri daji mai zurfi daga mai kauri mai tushe tare da ingantaccen ganye. Flowering ne rare, da ovaries fada a farkon matakai na ci gaba. The fi na harbe bushe, 'ya'yan itacen yana da yawa abin toshe nama, nama ne m tare da m iyawa.

Ragewar Sulfur

Cikakke launi mai launin shuɗi na ganye, amma mutuwar ganye, kamar yadda tare da rashin ƙwayar nitrogen, ba a lura dashi.

Rashin ƙarfe

Jimlar chlorosis na tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya har ƙarshen ƙarshen girma ba tare da mutuwar ganye da mai tushe ba.

Rashin ƙwayar Manganese

Shortagearancin jan ƙarfe

Chlorosis na manyan sassan sassan jikin mutum na tsire-tsire. Ya bambanta da raunin baƙin ƙarfe, ana lura da yanayin buɗe ido na ƙarshen ƙwayoyin ganye.

Rashin ƙwayar Manganese

Yana fara bayyana tare da tsofaffin ganye. Da farko, gefansu sun zama rawaya, sannan kuma kullun ganye. A wannan yanayin, jijiyoyin da suke cikin ganye sukan zama kore. A kan lokaci, matasa harbe suna shafi kuma mutu a kashe.