Poinsettia wani ɓangare ne na dangin euphorbia, masu lambobi sama da 2000, keɓaɓɓu cikin ƙasa. Tsakanin shekara-shekara da perennials akwai wakilan ciyawa har ma da ciyayi, ciyayi da bishiyoyi. Duk sassan tsire-tsire suna da ruwan 'ya'yan itace milky, wanda guba ne wanda ke haifar da fushi mai zafi. Poinsettia blooms, farawa a watan Disamba, dangane da shi aka aka sani da suna "Kirsimeti tauraron".
A gida - a Meziko, Costa Rica da Guatemala - poinsettia sun kai girman girma (mita 3 a tsayi), yayin da daji ya girma a gida zai zama daji babu tsayi sama da 50 cm. jagged m foliage (kowane ganye 10-15 cm tsawo) da kuma unremarkable kananan yellowish furanni da suka samar inflorescences a cikin hanyar rosettes.
Tsarin poinsettia da iri
Babban ado na shuka shine katako mai ɗorawa, galibi ana fentin launin shuɗi mai haske. Kawai sai suka zama batun kulawar lambu da masu shayarwa, ta hanyar ƙoƙarin da a yau ake yaɗa nau'ikan iri iri:
- poinsettias na gargajiya tare da launuka masu haske masu haske, tsakanin su iri iri musamman wadanda suka shahara Redcam Premiumun Miro tare da kodadde bracts kusan zuwa fari, Mars da Haske mai launin ja (duka tare da kyawawan jan ƙarfe);
- lafiya poinsettias tare da farin bracts kamar su da yawa Dogo fari ne tare da inuwa mai launin rawaya launuka na bracts;
- m poinsettias tare da ruwan hoda bracts, kamar su iri-iri Ruwan gwal na Amazon - takalmanta masu launin shuɗi ne;
- bayyananniyar poinsettias tare da takalmin rawaya, wanda ana samun su da iri Cinnamon tauraro (bracts kodadde da ruwan hoda) da Danshi mai lemun tsami (kodadde rawaya mai launin shuɗi);
- kwantar da hankula poinsettias tare da m bracts muhimmi a iri Dolce rosa (mai haske mai haske tare da farin farin inclusions) Dorewa mai ruwan hoda (purple mai haske) Floristera ruwan hoda da Rainarancin ruwan sama (duka tare da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi);
- asali ya canza poinsettiasiri daban-daban wakilta Kawasaki gingle karrarawa tare da farin spots a kan zurfin m bracts da Tuna lokacin sanyi ja tare da zane mai launin shuɗi a kan fararen bracts;
- m terins potiztias na terryettias, wanda aka bambanta ta hanyar wani sabon abu bracts, yana sa suyi kama da wardi, kamar iri Hunturu ya tashi ja tare da mai arziki ja tare da m hue bracts da Hunturu ya tashi fari tare da fararen bracts da rawaya mai launin shuɗi.
Kulawar gidan Poinsetia
Gidan euphorbia da kanta ba tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba ne don kulawa, amma mafi kyawun euphorbia (aka poinsettia shine mafi kyau) yana da wuya a danganta shi da rashin sani.
Poinsettia a gida da mummunar copes tare da zayyana, waterlogging, kaifi zazzabi hawa hawa da kuma kasa isasshen haske. Aƙalla aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka lissafa, yana zubar da ɗanɗani. Don poinsettia, wuri mafi kyau a cikin gidan shine taga mai kyau tare da haske mai rarrabuwa.
Karanta kuma kulawar Coleus a gida, harma da shuka wannan tsiro daga zuriya ta hanyar tunani.
Watara poinsettia
Wani muhimmin bangare na kulawar poinsettia shine shayarwa. Watering ne da za'ayi kamar yadda surface Layer na substrate ta kafe.
A lokacin rani, suna da yawa, kuma da isowar kaka ana rage su, yayin da ya kamata a rage ruwan da ake samu daga riƙon a kai a kai, hakan zai iya kula da tushen lafiya.
Poinset ƙasa
Alamar acidity na cakuda ƙasa an bada shawarar a zaɓi cikin kewayon 5.6-6.5. Don hana mutuwar tushen gashi, ya kamata a guji danshi ƙasa, wanda ke nufin cewa substrate dole ne iska da ruwa cike.
Abunda yafi dacewa shine ɗayan da ya ƙunshi ciyawar ciyayi da ganye a cikin rabo na 3: 2, daidai gwargwado na peat da yashi.
Poinsettia dashi
Za'a iya yin jujjuyawar poinsettia bayan ƙarshen lokacin hutawa - a watan Afrilu-Mayu.
Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar zaɓar tukunya tare da madaidaitan girma - kaɗan ya fi girma fiye da wanda ya gabata don saka su cikin juna, sami rata na 1-1.5 cm.
Taki don poinsettia
Ana yin manyan riguna a matakai 2. A lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara, ana amfani da takin ƙasa kamar ƙasa, gami da nitrogen, phosphorus da potassium, ko takin gargajiya na tsire-tsire masu ƙoshin lafiya tare da nitrogen.
Bugu da kari, yana yiwuwa a hanzarta haɓakar poinsettia ta amfani da humus, humus ko droppings tsuntsu. A mataki na 2 - daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba - ana amfani da takin mai magani don tsire-tsire na fure na ado. Lokacin da fure ta faru, an dakatar da kowane ciyar.
Poinsettia-yanke gida
Trimming kawai yana tasiri poinsettia. Rage dukkanin mai tushe a cikin Maris ta kashi ɗaya bisa uku zai taimaka a matsayin abin ƙarfafa ga ci gaba. Aƙalla sabon hatsi 5 a bar a kowace itace.
Haka kuma, ana iya amfani da yanka a matsayin kayan dasa kayan sabbin tsirrai, wanda za'a tattauna anan gaba. Hakanan, a cikin bazara lokaci-lokaci da aiwatar da forming pruning by pinching fi.
Pooretettia dormancy
Kamar yadda aka saba, poinsetia ta daina yin fure a farkon Maris, lokacin da ta watsar da ganyenta ta shiga cikin hutawa. A wannan lokacin, yana da kyau a yanka mai tushe game da 1/2 tsayinsu kuma zaɓi duhu mai duhu ko inuwa mai kyau a tukunyar, wanda hakan zai ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban shuka da samuwar furanni.
Lura da tsarin zafin jiki a cikin 10 ℃ (ba ƙari ba, kuma zai fi dacewa ba ƙaranci ba), an bar tukunyar a wurin don adana shi don watanni 1-2. Duk sauran lokutan hutawa na buƙatar shayar da shuka tare da ƙananan kundin ruwa, amma farfajiya na ƙasa bai kamata ya bushe ba ko yaya.
Dukkanin pruning da dasa poinsetia dole ne a yi tare da safofin hannu waɗanda ke kare hannuwanku daga ruwansa mai guba, wanda hakan na iya haifar da fushin fata da guba lokacin da ya shiga ciki.
Poinsettia Bloom
Tare da raguwa a cikin hasken rana a ƙasa da alamar a 12 karfe 12, tauraron Kirsimeti ya fara shirin don fure, wanda ke haskakawa ta hanyar rage ƙarfin ƙarfe. A cikin kwanakin Satumba na ƙarshe, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa an kiyaye tukunya daga hasken da yake shiga daga wani dare da dare (hasken rana, hasken titi, daɗaɗɗa).
Ana samun wannan ta hanyar rufe shuka tare da kwali mai kwali ko jakar polyethylene mai yawa. Makonni 10, poinsettia dole ne ya kasance cikin cikakken duhu na aƙalla awanni 14 a rana, har ma da ɗan kankanin haske na iya lalata agogo na ciki, wanda a ƙarshe yakan haifar da sauyawa a lokacin furanni.
A lokacin furanni a cikin hunturu, canje-canje mai kauri a cikin zazzabi, maɗaukaki da sanyi suna da haɗari musamman ga poinsettia. Yayin da shuka yake yin fure, ana bada shawara don kula da zafi a cikin ɗakin da zazzabi ta kusan 20 ℃ (lallai ba ƙasa da 16 ℃).
Farfagandar da poinsettia by cuttings
Mafi nasarar poinsettia na gidan an yadu da shi ta hanyar itace. Mafi kyawun lokacin don wannan shine daga Afrilu zuwa Mayu. Kuma, yankan yakamata a yi amfani da safofin hannu don guje wa lalacewar ruwan 'ya'yan itacen.
Yankunan da aka kirkira sakamakon daskararre na bazara, waɗanda ke gudana daga 10 zuwa 15 cm tsayi, dole ne a tsabtace daga ƙananan ganye, to ya kamata a wanke sassan da ruwa don kawar da sauran ruwan 'ya'yan itace.
Bayan haka sukan dauki kofuna na filastik na diski, suna yin ramuka na magudanar a kasan su kuma suna cika cakuda ƙasa a cikinsu. Ana samun mafi kyawun rooting ta hanyar rufe ƙananan sassan tare da tushen mai ƙarfafawa, bayan wannan harbe sun makale a cikin substrate by 3 cm kuma an rufe su da fim.
A wurin da kofuna waɗanda, tabbatar da samun iska ta yau da kullun da zazzabi na yanayi kusan 15-21 ℃. Ana yin ruwa ba don sanya ƙasa ta jike ba, amma don ta ɗan yi sanyi kaɗan.
Bayan ƙirƙirar yanayi ingantacce don yankan, ana iya tsammanin rooting a cikin watanni 2, kuma lokacin da wannan ya faru, zaku iya maye gurbin kofuna tare da tukwane daban-daban kuma ku kula da sababbin tsire-tsire kamar manya.
Poinsettia daga tsaba a gida
Daga cikin sauran hanyoyin haifuwa, ya kamata a lura da dabi'ar halitta - iri, amma ga gidan gaba ɗaya ba shi da dacewa, ƙasa zuwa ga kowane fanni. Girma daga poinsettia tsaba ba zai gaji ƙimar halaye na iyaye ba.
Cutar da kwari
Akwai cututtuka da yawa wanda shine poinsettia ne mai saukin kamuwa.
A cikin yanayin raunuka cutarwa da sikeli, an cire kwari a mashin, ta amfani da swab da aka tsoma a cikin barasa, ko kuma wanke shuka da sabulu a cikin ruwa. Tare da tarin kuɗi na kwari masu cutarwa, yana da kyau a bi da ƙwayoyin kwari (actar, phytoerm, vermitek).
Ga fure thripsyi gwagwarmaya tare da hanyoyin guda ɗaya (a cikin ingantattun kwari a cikin wannan yanayin, wanda ya isa ya fitar da fufanon da actellik), yana nuna jujjuyawar lokaci tare da nakasawa da alamomin rubutu.
Ganyayyaki na iya bazuwa juya launin rawaya kuma ya faɗi saboda busasshiyar iska, sannan shuka tana bukatar feshin akai-akai daga fesawa tare da ruwan da yake zaune.
Rashin daidaitaccen canza launi da uncharacteristic aibobi a kan baka (sutura na ganye) ya tashi sakamakon matsanancin zafin jiki mai karfi, ciyarwa ta yau da kullun da isasshen matakan haske.
