Zaɓin ɗan itacen itace plum, kowane ɗan lambu ya san cewa muradin kaɗai bai isa ba. Don girma itace mai ƙarfi kuma samun girbi mai yawa a nan gaba, Wajibi ne a la'akari da fa'ida da rashin amfanin kowane nau'in plums. Briefarin taƙaitaccen bayanin nau'ikan nau'ikan plums zai taimaka ƙayyade zaɓin nau'in halitta.
Harshen Harshen Plum
Ya ƙunshi babban rukuni na filayen gida, fasalin gama gari wanda shine halayyar 'ya'yan itacen, sune:
- siffar elongated;
- m rawaya jiki tare da ja tint;
- launi mai duhu duhu tare da farin rufi;
- fili bayyane gefen kabu;
- dandano mai dadi na plums.
Wakilan nau'o'in sune plums Moscow, Belorusskaya, Amazing, Donetsk da sauransu. Dukkanin waɗannan suna haɓaka ta hanyar yawan wadata da wadatar haihuwa. Lingsalingsan itacen suna jure wa fari da kyau, kuma an kwashe 'ya'yan itatuwa da kyau kuma a adana su.
Itace mai girma yana da kambi na oval kuma ya girma har zuwa 6 m na tsayi, wanda ya sa tsarin kulawa da girbi ke da wuya. Fruiting na faruwa ne kawai a shekaru 7.
Kawai daga plum Hongeriyanci zaka iya yin ingantaccen ingantaccen prunes.
Stanley Plum
Late-ripening iri-iri, sunan na biyu shine Stanley, ana amfani dashi sosai a yankuna na kudanci. Yana da halayyar zagaye kambi tare da rare gefen harbe. Matsakaicin tsayin itacen ba shi da mm 3. fruitsa fruitsyan itnun suna da yawa (wani lokacin har zuwa 50 g), mai yawa da kamshi, ɗan acidic. Ripen a farkon kaka na shekaru 5 dasa. Yawan aiki yana da kyau - ana iya cire kimanin kilogiram 60 daga bishiya ɗaya.
Iri-iri na iya bada alonea alonean shi kaɗai, tunda yana ɗan amfanin kai. Kamar yadda ƙarin linan pollinators, zai fi kyau a dasa ƙwayoyin fulogin Blufrey ko Chachak a ciki.
Stanley plum kyakkyawan tsari ne na fure iri iri wanda yake da lokaci iri guda.
A hardness hunturu na iri-iri ne a babban matakin, amma ba resistant zuwa launin toka rot da plum aphids.
Plum Eurasia
Farkon tebur iri dake ripening a ƙarshen bazara. Fiye da shekaru 4, ƙaramin ɗan ƙaramin tsiro ya girma zuwa wata itaciya mai girma tare da kambin lush kuma ya fara bada 'ya'ya. Kirim yana da siffar zagaye da girman matsakaici (kimanin 25 g), yawan amfanin ƙasa. Godiya ga ɓangaren litattafan almara mai narkewa, suna da kyau don adanawa ko amfani sabo, amma yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ƙashin ƙyar yana da wahala a cire. A iri-iri ya sami babban shahara a tsakanin lambu saboda ta high hunturu hardness da juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban.
Yankunan Eurasia, kamar yadda suke bada kansu, suna buƙatar pollinators, waɗanda suka fi dacewa sune Renklod plum, Mayak, Volga kyakkyawa.
Plum Greengage
The Greenclod iri-iri hada mutane fiye da 200 iri plums, kamar Altana, Tambov, Michurinsky, Beauvais da sauransu. Dukkaninsu suna da alamomin halaye masu zuwa:
- tsayin itace mai tsayi (har zuwa 7 m);
- zagaye rawanin tare da rassan drooping;
- manyan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a siffar ƙwallon ƙarancin daskararru;
- na musamman, marmalade, tsarin ɓangaren litattafan almara yana da daɗin ji daɗi.
Yawancin ƙananan hukumomin Rinclod plum suna da saurin kai, duk da haka, basu bambanta a cikin barga mai kyau da amfanin gona - yanayin yanayi a lokacin bazara na da matuƙar mahimmanci. Tsayayyar sanyi ga sanyi, fari da cuta a wani matakin matsakaici ne.
Plum
A kwatankwacin ire-iren ruwan hoda mai ruwan sanyi ya yi daidai da hoton 'ya'yan itacen: kyawawan kayan adonsu suna da launi na zuma da haske launin ja. Plum yana nufin nau'in precocious, 'ya'yan itãcen sun haɗu a watan Yuni. A ɓangaren litattafan almara shi ne m da zaki, tare da ƙanshi mai daɗin ƙanshi. Itace da kanta tana da kambi mai matsakaici-matsakaici, amma tana buƙatar aƙalla muraba'in mita 5. m. yanki, tunda zai iya kaiwa zuwa 7 m ba ga tsayi ba. A iri-iri ya dace da namo a cikin arewacin yankunan, shi ne resistant zuwa low zazzabi.
Plum Honey mutum ne mai ɗaukar kansa, saboda pollinators sun fi dacewa da shi ta Renkord Karbysheva ko Vengerka Donetsk.
Plum Volga kyau
Varietyasertan kayan zaki na farko, bishiyoyi masu saurin girma suna yin kambi mai zagaye kuma suna kaiwa sama da 6 a tsawo. Yawan aiki yana da girma, yana bada 'ya'ya daga shekaru 4 na rayuwa. Kirim yana zagaye da siffa, ya fizge kunnuwa zuwa saman, tare da tabo maras kyau a bayyane. Girman 'ya'yan itacen matsakaici ne, yana ɗanɗano ɗan acidic, amma mai laushi.
An san kyakkyawa na Plum Volga saboda juriyarta gaba ɗaya ga sanyi, cuta da kwari. Koyaya, yakamata ku kula cewa furannin fure sun sami damar daskarewa, sakamakon haifar da rushewa.
Kamar yadda masu jefa kuri'a don kyawawan ƙwayar Volga mai cin gashin kai, jan Skorospelka ja ko kayan kwalliyar Zhiguli sun dace. Wannan zai taimaka inganta ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta.
Plum Etude
Tsakanin farkon tebur na farko, itaciyar tana da tsayi sama da matsakaici. Crownwanin kambi yana sama sama. A cikin lokacin fruiting, ya shiga shekaru 4 bayan dasa, da yawan amfanin ƙasa ne high a shekara. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na yin la'akari har zuwa 30 g, tare da daskararru mai yawa da m. Sourness ne kusan ba ji.
Babban mahimmancin plum Etude sune:
- Adana tsawon lokaci (har zuwa watanni 2 a wani wuri mai sanyi).
- Kai Tsaye.
- Babban hunturu hard of duka itace da fure buds.
- Kyakkyawan cuta juriya.
Don pollination na partially ararar Etudes, nau'in plums Renklod Tambovsky da Volga kyau sun dace.
Kyauta mai Kyau na Plum
Daban-daban yana da sauƙin kula, saboda ƙananan (har zuwa 3 m), kambi mai kauri matsakaici a cikin siffar m. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari bayan shekaru 4 na rayuwa a ƙarshen watan Agusta. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun bambanta:
- karamin girma (kusan 15 g);
- m a sifa tare da m rauni a kusa da;
- m ɓangaren litattafan almara tare da ƙarancin ruwan 'ya'yan itace, amma da ƙashi mai kyau;
- sourness ya ci gaba cikin ɗanɗano plum.
Amfanin plum Kyauta mai kyawu shine takin gargajiya da kuma juriya daga furen fure zuwa yanayin zafi. Bugu da kari, da iri-iri ne da wuya farmaki aphids da moths.
Kwallon Riga na Plum
Tsakanin farko-farkon digiri na Sin. Itace ya girma m, ba fiye da 2.5 m ba ga tsawo, gefe ana saukar da harbe. Ya bambanta a cikin manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa (har zuwa 40 g) na siffar zagaye. Unripe plums ana fentin su a cikin kore kore mai launin shuɗi, lokacin da suka cika cikakkiyar balaga sun zama ja, daga nan sunan iri-iri. Fruiting yana faruwa a cikin shekara ta biyu a ƙarshen bazara, plums suna da m, tare da acidity.
Kamar yadda pollinators na Red Ball plums, nau'in plums na kasar Sin ko na Rasha, suna yin fure tare da shi a lokaci guda, sun dace.
Daga gajerun rashi iri-iri, yana da mahimmanci a lura da faduwar 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin shekarun da suka sami kwayoyi da yawa. Bugu da kari, plum kula da bazara frosts, ko da yake ya yarda hunturu frosts da kyau. A iri-iri ne resistant zuwa cuta clastosporiasis da monilial kuna.
Plum Morning
Tumbin fari da wuri, 'ya'yan itace bayan shekara ta uku ta rayuwa. Itace mai matsakaici mai tsayi tana da kambi mai zagaye, an ƙara rassan dan kadan. Yawan aiki yana da girma, 'ya'yan itaciyar sun yi fari a farkon watan Agusta, amma ba duka lokaci daya ba. Plums masu kyau suna da laushi da ƙanshi, suna da nama mai rawaya da fata mai launin kore. Suna da ɗanɗano mai daɗi da ƙanshi, suna da ɗakin kwana yayin jigilar kaya, amma ba manya-manyan (matsakaita 25 g).
Plum Morning ba ya jure wa lokacin sanyi, amma yana murmurewa da sauri bayan sanyi. A bushe lokacin bazaar, yana buƙatar ruwa mai nauyi. Yana da kusan ba ya canzawa ta 'ya'yan itace rot da kleasterosporiosis, wani lokacin an farmaki da aphids da kwari.
Babban fa'idar nau'ikan shine takin sa-da-kai da kuma ikon yin aiki a matsayin mai aikin pollinator na lalata rayuwar kananan yara.
Shugaban Plum
Marigayi-ripening iri-iri, don matasa seedlings a tsaye tsari na rassan ne halayyar. Bayan fruiting (na shekaru 5), rassan sun yi dan kadan. Itace mai tsufa baya wuce mita 3 a tsayi. 'Ya'yan itãcen matsakaici size, zagaye, kore, bayan ripening zama burgundy. Dandano yana da ɗanɗano, ɓangaren litattafan almara kansa lafiyayyen tsari ne kuma mai daɗi.
Cikakke plums riƙe m a kan rassan, partially crumble kawai bayan overriding.
Plum Shugaban kasa yana da fari fari da juriya sanyi, lalacewar cuta yana da matsakaici. Yawancin suna da saurin haifuwa, amma don haɓaka yawan aiki ana bada shawarar dasa Stanley, Mirnaya ko Skorospelka ja plums a ciki.
Daga cikin gazawa, yana da daraja a nuna wa mai taushi da taushi a lokacin bazara da farkon sanyi.
Nau'in plum na ado
Daga cikin bambancin bishiyoyin plum, yana da daraja a nuna ƙungiyar kayan ado wanda wakilansu sun girma ba kawai don 'ya'yan itace ba, har ma don dalilai na ado. Wasu nau'ikan plums, bisa ga suna, bayanin da hoto, suna jawo hankali tare da lush da fure mai haske, yayin da wasu ke da launi mara kyau. Musamman mashahurai sune:
- Plum Jafananci;
- Pissardi plum;
- sa Cystena;
- Plum yadawo.
Plum Jafananci
Tsarin nau'in halitta ya fito ne daga Japan, wanda kuma ake kira shi peach na Japan, apricot, mum ko ume. Yawancin suna da kyau sosai a lokacin furanni: a farkon bazara, an rufe itace mai tsayi tare da ban mamaki mai ban sha'awa na fararen launuka masu launin fari ko ruwan hoda wanda suka yi sama da watanni 2.
A wasu lokuta, plum na Jafananci yana girma a cikin nau'i na tsiri.
'Ya'yan itãcen sun yi girma a tsakiyar lokacin bazara, suna da launi mai launin kore da ɗanɗano mai laushi tare da bayanin tart, saboda haka ana amfani dasu galibi a cikin tsarin da aka tsara.
Duk da cewa mummy tana tsayayya da cututtuka, iri-iri na girma ne musamman ta yan koyo.
Kayan Wuta
Yawancin lokuta ana kiransa Red-leaved cherry plum ko Pissardi plum don girmamawa ga masanin kimiyya wanda ya gabatar da farkon zuriya daga Iran. Siffar halayyar ƙwayar plum ita ce launin ja na harbe, ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa, wanda ke ci gaba a cikin kakar.
Fruiting yana da yawa, amma a cikin filayen ana lura da bayanin acidic. A iri-iri ne kusan ba marasa lafiya da cututtukan fungal, amma aphids a wasu lokuta sun lalace. Hardness na hunturu yana a matakin matsakaici. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, fure mai launin ja yana jin daɗi kuma yana iya girma har zuwa shekaru 100.
'Ya'yan itãcen sun girma a watan Agusta, amma na iya zama a kan rassan, ba fasa, har sai Oktoba.
Plum Cystena
Na biyu sunan dwarf plum iri-iri saboda yanayin bayyanarsa. Cystena itace tsintsiya ce wacce take girma a hankali (bata wuce 1.5 cm a kowace shekara). Matsakaicin tsawo na daji ba ya wuce m 2, yayin da diamita na kambi yawanci daidai yake da tsawo na daji. An samo nau'ikan da yawa ta hanyar tsallaka yashi da Pissardi plum.
Abubuwan da suka dace da lalacewar shine saboda:
- jan canza launi na ganye tare da rasberi ras da haske mai haske;
- manyan fararen furanni masu launin ja, wanda aka shirya cikin tsari ɗaya;
- kyawawan kyawawan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin shuɗi.
Plum Cystena galibi ana amfani dashi azaman shinge, ƙyallen ganye ba ta faɗo ga sanyi. Yana da matsakaiciyar hankali ga ƙarancin zafin jiki saboda lalacewar harbe-harben matasa.
Plum yadawo
Itace mai tsayi tare da kambi mai shimfidawa yana ba da amfani tare da kayan kwalliya mai laushi masu tsabta daga shekara ta biyu na rayuwa. Girbi ya yi yawa, har zuwa kilogiram 40 na plum daga itacen da ya girma. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin ƙananan iri sun kasance kaɗan, kuma a cikin cultivars sun kai 60 g. Ana kuma kiranta ceri, ceri ko ceri, yana da rassa da yawa (Nigra, Elegans da sauransu). Duhu mai launin ja mai duhu na ganye da harbe yana ba plum halin halin ado, yana mai da shi kamar sakura.
A iri-iri ne talauci mai tsayayya da cututtuka na baƙar fata da rami rami da kwari. Bugu da kari, ba ya yi haƙuri m winters, sabili da haka matasa seedlings bukatar tsari.
Dukansu lambun da nau'ikan filayen kayan ado suna da ƙarin wakilai da yawa, don haka zaɓi itacen da ya dace don gonar ba zai zama matsala ba.
