Snapdragon (Antirrhinum) ko antirrinum fure ne na dangin plantain, asalin halittar ciyawa. Tun daga ƙuruciya, mun san furen a ƙarƙashin sunan "kare", saboda furanninta suna kama da buɗewar karen kare, ko ma dragon, saboda haka Ingilishi ya kira shi "hoto", Faransanci yana haɗa wannan fure tare da bakin ƙyar, kuma 'yan Yankin suna da "bakin" mai laushi.
Kodayake a cikin fassara daga Latin "antirrinum" shine kwatancen tare da sauran ɓangaren fuskar - "hanci-kamar", "mai kama da hanci." Kamar yadda suke faɗi, kowa yana da irin nasa tunanin.
Af, sunan "Snapdragon" yana da amsa kuwwa a cikin mythology na Girka. Lokacin da sanannen Hercules ya cinye zaki na Nemean mai cin nama kuma ya kawo shi fatar Tsar Euphrates, bai so ya kalle ta. Hercules ya dace don ɗaukar fata kamar ruwan sama, fata kuma yana kan kansa, bakinsa yana buɗe yana kama da firgita. Abin bautawa Flora ya ba da sha'awar ƙarfin Hercules kuma ya gabatar masa da fure, daidai yake da wannan bakin. Kamar yadda kuka sani, an kira fure mai suna "Snapdragon".
Tun daga wannan lokacin, akwai al'ada a Girka: za a gabatar da gwarzo da masu cin nasara tare da bouquet na waɗannan furanni.
Saurin sauri daga tsufa. Arewacin Amurka ana ɗauka matsayin wurin maganin antirrinum, inda nau'in tsire-tsire hamsin suna da ƙanshi a cikin daji. A cikin Turai, jinsuna ɗaya sun ɗauki tushe - babban maganin antirrinum. Tun daga shekara ta 1567, masu shayarwa na kasar Jamus suka fara kirkiro sabbin nau'ikan ta bisa tsarinta. A yau, akwai fiye da dubu (!) Nau'ikan al'adun snapdragons, daban-daban a tsayi, launi, da girman fure.
Shuka seedlings na antirrinum daga tsaba
'Ya'yan itacen Antirrinum
A cikin ƙarin yankuna na kudu, ana iya dasa snapdragons kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa tare da farawar ɗimbin ɗumi. A kasa da makonni uku, da iri za su yi toho. Shuka zai kwantar da hankali kadan. Amma a wuraren da dawowar sanyi yawanci ne, yana da kyau a yi amfani da hanyar seedling, wanda wuri ne na lambu.
Antirrinum dasa da hoto mai kulawa
Ta yaya maganin antirrinum yake inganta a gida? Girma snapdragons a cikin seedling yana da sauki. Kuna buƙatar gangaren lebur na shuka, yashi, takin ƙasa, gilashin da kwalban fesa.
Na kusan manta, ƙarin tsaba na maganin antirrinum
Zai fi kyau a yi wannan daga 1 ga Maris zuwa 20 ga Maris. An zuba yashi a cikin akwati tare da ramuka na magudanar ruwa, sannan takin ƙasa wanda aka haɗe shi da wannan sand ɗin an yafa, an matse shi, ya daɗa shi tare da kwalban fesa. Tun da ƙarancin ƙananan ƙananan, muna haxa su da yashi, muna rarraba su a kan farfajiya, yayyafa su da cakuda yashi da takin a cikin bakin ciki, sake sanya su.
Akwai wata hanya don shuka iri a cikin dusar ƙanƙara da aka kawo daga titi. Dusar ƙanƙara zata narke kuma zana tsaba zuwa ga mafi ƙarancin zurfi a gare su. An rufe shi da gilashi kuma a cikin wurin dumama (+ 23˚). Kowace rana muna cire condensate daga gilashi, kuma idan ya cancanta, za mu jika da ƙasa. Bayan sati biyu, farkon tsiro zai bayyana, yanzu muna buƙatar motsawa zuwa ga inuwa m don haka sproyen ɗin ba su shimfiɗa. Kwanaki 3-4 kuma dauki gilashin.
Antirrinum twinni terry seed narkarda hoto
Da farko, ci gaban zai yi jinkirin, dole ne a kiyaye ma'auni don maganin asirin daga zuriya yana canja wurin al'ada:
- saboda ƙasa ta yi laushi, amma ba ambaliyar ruwa ba, in ba haka ba akwai haɗarin bayyanar "ƙafafu baƙar fata". Idan seedling ya faɗi, cire shi a hankali tare da hanzaru kuma, in ya yiwu, yayyafa wurin da murƙushe mai ruɓa (don keɓaɓɓe, don haka yayi magana). Kuna iya taka ta lafiya: feshi da thean itacen tare da maganin rauni na phytosporin (saukad da 10 a kowace lita 1 na ruwa). Bayan bayyanar wata takaddun ganye na hakika - lokaci yayi da ya nutse.
- Don dasawa, zaku iya amfani da tukwane na mutum ko akwati na kowa don shuka (yanke shawara don kanku, ya kamata ku sanya shi a kan windowsills, da kyau, idan kuna da gidan haya, to, zamu tafi yawo ...). Muna amfani da cakuda mai sauƙi na peat ba acid da ƙasa sod (1: 2). Bayan mako guda, muna zuba tare da takaddun taki bisa ga umarnin.
Bishiyar shuka maganin antirrinum seedlings:
Bidiyo yadda za a nutsar da maganin antirrinum:
A hankali accustom seedlings zuwa yanayin yanayi : bude taga, matsawa zuwa baranda, kawai ka guji tsawan dawa. Bisa manufa, 'yan seedlings masu karfi ba su iya kamuwa da kowace cuta.
Mun tabbata cewa shuka ba ta shimfiɗawa, don wannan muna ɗaukar tsalle-tsalle na tsakiya bayan ganye 4-5 (ka tabbata cewa ragowar toho yana hango waje, sannan rassan za su fita, kuma ba cikin daji ba), idan harbe-zanen gefen sun haɓaka da ƙarfi, muna saka su ma.
Sayen maganin antirrinum a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa
Andarfafa da kuma girma seedlings ana shuka su ne a cikin ƙasa a cikin ƙarshen bazara. Slightanƙantar sanyaya ba zai cutar da su ba, seedlings har ma sun yi haƙuri da lokacin -3˚. Soilasa mai haske yana da kyawawa, mafi dacewa shine cakuda yashi, takin da peat, pH 6-8. Kuna iya zaɓar wuri duka da rana ba sosai ba, babban abin ba shi da daci.
Ana shuka manyan nau'ikan a nesa na 40 - 50 cm daga juna, ƙananan ƙananan - a nesa na 30 cm, rashin kunya - 20 cm daga juna, kuma dwarf - a nesa na 15 cm a cikin ƙasa mai laima. Muna yin la'akari da cewa da zaran ya “kamu da rashin lafiya” bayan dasawa, snapdragons za su yi fa'ida cikin girma da girman su, suna juyawa zuwa cikin kyakkyawan daji.
Wane maganin antirrinum yake son barin?
Antirrinum terry twine peach f1 Antirrhinum nanum Twinny Peach F1 Hybrid
Snapdragon inji ne mai adalci wanda ba a bayyana shi ba. Kawai ruwa, kwance da kuma tara ciyawa akan lokaci. Furen yana ɗaukar aikin narkar da maganin antirrinum a kusan kowace ƙasa, amma ba shakka, ƙasa mai haske tare da isasshen wadataccen takin gargajiya da abubuwan da aka gano.
Ko da yake wajibi ne don ruwa kawai a lokutan bushewa, kar a sha ruwa da daddare, kuma da safe, ranar da za a yi ruwa, ya zama dole a sassauta ƙasa. A cikin lokacin rani mai bushe, itaciyar tana iya faɗuwa da ganye fiye da furanni, don haka kusan fari ba a nuna shi a cikin fure ba. Ieulla tsirrai masu tsayi da goyan baya, ya fi kyau ka zaɓi furanni masu bushewa, don haka tsire-tsire ba zai fitar da kuzari a kansu ba kuma zaku ba da bayyanar daɗaɗɗayar furannin ku.
Don cimma dogon fure ...
kada ku bari a ɗaure tsaba, muna cire farcen kai tsaye bayan fure, a yanka a ƙarƙashin ƙananan fure, sannan snapdragons zasu ƙaddamar da sabon kibiyoyi kuma ci gaba da fure.
Ciyar da snapdragon kyawawa ne sau da yawa: na farko - kai tsaye bayan an dasa tushen tare da nitrophosic da kwayoyin halitta. Kafin budding, muna ciyar a karo na biyu tare da maganin urea, potassium sulfate da superphosphate. Cokali guda ɗaya na kowane samfurin a guga na ruwa ya isa.
Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa snapdragons suna da tushen kafe a cikin yumbu ko ƙasa na peaty, don haka bai kamata a shuka iri mai tsayi a wurin ba.
Cutar da kwari
Antirrinum f1 terry Antirrhinum terry
Septospirosis - wata cuta ta fungal wacce ke bayyana kanta a matsayin launin ruwan kasa a jikin ganyayyaki, tare da mummunan shan kashi - jujjuya harbe, mutuwar tsirrai. Yana faruwa tare da babban zafi, ƙarancin iska. An adana shi a kan tarkacewar shuka. Idan kamuwa da cuta, a hankali tsaftace sassan da ke kamuwa ko tsire-tsire gaba ɗaya kuma ƙone, fesa furanni tare da shirye-shiryen kashe-kashe ko shirye-shiryen tagulla.
Grey rot - Botritis naman gwari yana omnivorous, saboda haka yana motsawa daga wannan shuka zuwa wani. Rashin bayyanar yana bayyana ta hanyar launin ruwan kasa akan ganye, kuma tare da ƙarin rauni mai rauni - wani shafi na launin toka foda. Yanayin da ya dace ya hada da kara zafi da rashin iska mai kyau, gami da karuwar abun cikin nitrogen.
Tushen rot cuta ne na fungal wanda ke shafar tushen sa. A bayyanar da alama ciyawar ba ta isa ruwa. Watsa tsire-tsire marasa lafiya zai kara dagula lamarin. Da farko, tabbatar cewa tushen tsarin lafiya kuma ƙasa ta bushe (mun haƙa 15 cm zurfi). Idan tushen shuka yana da laushi tare da wari mara kyau - wannan shine tushen rot. Dalilin shine waterlogging, kamuwa da cuta daga takin, sake dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai kamuwa da cuta.
Hanyar gwagwarmaya ita ce cire tsire tare da dunƙule na ƙasa. Ana iya maganin ta da maganin kashe kwari. Abu mafi mahimmanci daga wannan bala'in - babu tururuwar danshi, magudana, taimako na ƙasa.
Idan kamuwa da cuta ba shi da ƙarfi, sai a fesa tare da ruwa na Bordeaux ko Topaz. Tare da wanda ya fi karfi - Acrobat MC, Ordan ...
Karin kwari: sikelin kwari, caterpillars, tashi larvae, butterflies cewa sa larvae
Babban maganin antirrinum
Akwai da yawa daga nau'ikan kwari masu kwari, suna da yawa, suna shafan 'ya'yan itace da tsire-tsire iri iri. Tsire-tsire suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace, wanda ke haifar da lalacewa da mutuwar ganye. Da kwayoyi masu ɓoye sirrin m, wanda salatin naman gwari ke tasowa, wanda ke haifar da raguwa mafi girma a cikin ci gaban shuka. Scaffolds an rufe su da tsalle-tsalle mai yawa, sabili da haka, hanyoyin mutane suna gwagwarmaya da su sosai matsala: kuna buƙatar goge kwari da kansu tare da giya, sabulu ko maganin sabulu. Idan kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani, to muna amfani da nau'ikan sunadarai daban-daban tare da tazara na mako guda - Admiral, CE, Aktara, Aktelik ...
Abu ne mai sauki mu iya mu'amala da caterpillars, yawanci akwai karancin su (suna samun kansu masu kwazo a gonar da kuma a gonar), don haka tattara su da hannu. Idan sunada yawa, to zaku iya fesa karbofos, alal misali, ko wani maganin kashe kwari.
Domin snapdragon din ya kasance lafiya, dole ne a dauki matakan kariya:
- Kada ku dasa tsire-tsire kusa;
- ruwa a ƙarƙashin tushe, kuma ba a ganye ba;
- cire ciyayi;
- cire masu cutar a kan lokaci.
Me zai yi bayan fure?
Antirrinum babba
Abu na farko da nake so in lura shi ne cewa zaku iya tono tsire-tsire da kuke so a hankali kuma ku juyar da su cikin furen fure. Idan kayi hankali da kiyayewa a zazzabi da bai wuce 15˚ ba, to snapdragons zasu yi fure duk lokacin sanyi.
Idan kuna shirin girke maganin rigakafin ƙwayar cuta na itace, to sai a yanke shuka, a bar 5-8 cm sama da ƙasa, a rufe ragowar ciyawa domin shuka ya fi sauƙi.
Idan snapdragons su ne shekara-shekara, to ya kamata a guji nuna iri-iri ta hanyar yanke kibiyoyin matattu, sannan cire ragowar tsire-tsire, ƙona su don lalata cututtukan kwari da kwari, da tono yankin.
Snapdragon na iya zama asali da kuma irin shuka ne. A bayyane yake cewa dole ne a kiyaye farfajiyoyi da yawa, tsaba zasu fara haɓaka ta atomatik kuma ana shuka su daga kwalaye, kuma a cikin bazara za su yi toho. Kawai alama wurin da snapdragon ya kasance, saboda a cikin bazara ba zato muku sako farat ɗaya.
Lokacin da ake buƙatar iri na abubuwan da kuka zaɓa, zamu yi haka. Ka bar kibiyoyi bayan fure ka tattara su a cikin lokaci na cikakkar cikawa. Kuna buƙatar jakar takarda mai tsawo, zaku iya ɗauka a cikin burodin - don baguette. Kwalaye suna haɓaka heterogeneously - daga ƙasa zuwa sama. Mun yanke saman kore, muka sanya jakar takarda a kan kibiya kuma mun ɗaure shi ƙasa da akwatin na ƙarshe na tsaba, yanke shi kuma rataye shi tare da rami. A cikin jaka, tsaba sun girma kuma suna barci a cikin jaka. Tsaba ta tabbata har zuwa shekaru uku, wanda aka adana a zazzabi na 3-5 ° C a cikin busassun wuri.
Bayanin tsire-tsire na Snapdragon ko Antirrinum
Hoto na Antirrinum
Tsarin maganin antirrinum na fure shine ciyawar herbaceous, wani lokacin itace wani nau'in siffar pyramidal. Ya danganta da iri-iri, tsayin yana daga 15 cm zuwa 1.3 m. Rassan suna da yawa, gaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗaɗɗa, suna hawa. Ganyen yana ɗaukar launi daga haske zuwa duhu mai duhu tare da jijiyoyin jini. Ta hanyar launi na ganye, zaka iya tantance ko wane launi furanni zai kasance. Ganyayyaki masu launin kore ne kawai masu launin shuɗi, idan akwai jijiyoyin ruwan lemu - ruwan lemo, don ganye mai duhu tare da jijiyoyin jan launi halayen furanni ne. Siffar ganyen yana daɗaɗaɗɗiya ko lanceolate.
Furanni masu siffar maras tsari, mai laushi biyu, idan aka kwatanta da shuka - babba, masu sauki ne kuma ninki biyu. Tsarin launi yana da fari, launin rawaya, ruwan hoda, dukkan tabarau masu launin ja, akwai launuka biyu-har ma furanni uku-uku. An bambanta furanni tare da furanni masu launin furanni na Lilac ("F1 Rocket Orhid"). Tsaba ya girma a cikin akwatunan gida biyu, ƙananan ƙanana - 5000-8000 guda a gram. A snapdragon fara Bloom a watan Yuni da kuma ci gaba har sai sanyi.
Antirrinum wata itaciya ce, amma a kasarmu ana yin noma shi azaman shekara-shekara, dukda cewa idan kun gwada yanayi biyu to hakan zai tashi a shekara mai zuwa kuma zaiyi fure fiye da kowane lokaci.
An bambanta snapdragon ta nau'ikan iri daban-daban, saboda haka ana iya amfani dashi azaman daskararren shuka (nau'in ƙaramin tsiro), akasin haka, nau'ikan tudu masu tsayi - kamar tsibiri mai haske akan sauran tsiron murfin ƙasa. Abin sha'awa, ana iya amfani dashi azaman fure mai ban tsoro don girma a cikin rataye filayen fure don yin ado arbor, terraces, baranda.
Nau'in, nau'in maganin antirrinum
Antirrinum mai yalwar iri iri
Yi la'akari da rarrabewar tsirran tsirrai:
Tall - tsayin 9-130 cm, harbin tsakiyar yana da girma sama da harbe-rikicen na biyu, kuma na uku ba ya nan.
Iri da kuma hybrids:
- Arthur - Ceri;
- F1 "Goshenka" - orange;
- F2 mai ruwan hoda.
Babban - Ya dace da yankan, ƙirƙirar gadaje na filayen fure da kan iyakoki, tsayin 60 - 90 cm. Yanke snapdragon zai iya tsayawa a cikin wata madaidaiciya daga sati zuwa biyu, sanannen sanyin furanni masu santsi.
- Anna Jamusanci - ruwan hoda mai haske;
- Canary - lemun tsami;
- Madam Maƙaba - Terry.
Matsakaici - nau'ikan duniya tare da tsawo na 40-60 cm. Duk harbe sun yi daidai da tsayi guda, ana amfani da shi ga gadajen fure da kuma yankan. Iri:
- Sarauniyar Zina - launin rawaya;
- Ruby - ruwan hoda mai arziki;
- Lipstick azurfa - fari tare da ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
Kadan - curbs daga 25 zuwa 40 cm, girma a cikin nau'i na wani daji, mai yawa harbe na biyu da na uku oda.
Shahararren nau'in maganin tausa:
Ampel antirrinum fitilar f1
- Crimson Karammiski - 35 cm, fure mai yawa, fure mai duhu,
karammiski ja, Marigayi iri iri; - Schneeflocke - karamin yanki mai tsire-tsire mai kwari, 25-35 cm
tsayi tare da saurin lokaci daga shuka zuwa fure. - Lampion - ampel.
- dwarf (15-20 cm), bushes mai girma sosai. Yawancin harbe na tsari na uku da na huɗu. - Na fure - 13 launuka daban-daban na bayyana da sautin biyu. Yayyafa kamar amfanin gona.
- Hobbit wani nau'i ne na yau da kullun, wanda yake da tsawo na cm 15 kawai. Idan kun harbe harbe a cikin lokaci, zaku sami daji mai hankali wanda yake da ƙima.
- Tom-Tumb - furanni masu launin rawaya, nau'ikan farko;
- Launin Sakura launin ruwan hoda fari ne.
Akwai sauran rarrabuwa na snapdragons. Idan kuna son bunkasa maganin antirrinum don kasuwanci, zakuyi sha'awar rarrabuwar Sanderson da Martin. A cikin yanke, snapdragon yana da ban mamaki.
