Abincin zuma na Cin Gindi na Cututtukan Yasa

Honeysuckle in mun gwada da shiga cikin jerin rare amfanin gona lambu amfanin gona. Rashin daidaituwarsa, juriya na sanyi da kaddarorin amfani suna jan hankalin, da farko, hankalin yan arewa. A gare su, wannan shine farkon Berry, wanda yake da wadataccen abinci a cikin bitamin, ma'adanai da sauran abubuwan da suke buƙatar jiki. Kyakkyawan dandano mai ɗanɗano tare da ɗan acidity, ikon sake cika menu na 'ya'yan itace, da kuma shirye-shiryen hunturu, tare da sabon samfurin shine babban dalilin karuwar kiwo na honeysuckle a duk yankuna, amma musamman a cikin sanyi. Yadada ruwan zuma mai sauki ne. Kamar kowane amfanin gona na Berry, ana iya yada bishiyoyi ta iri da kuma hanyoyin ciyayi. A labarin ya bayyana dalla-dalla hanyoyin grafting, lokacin girbin 'yayan itace da tushen su.

Kudancin zuma (Lonicera caerulea)

Honeysuckle a takaice

Ga masu farawa a aikin lambu, zuma mai sauƙin fahimta. Itace mallakar ƙungiyar mai yanke hukunci, 1-2 m high tare da rassan bakin ciki.

Matasa reshen honeysuckle suna cikin farin ciki, launin su yana launin kore mai launin shuɗi mai haske daban-daban. Tsohon tsohuwar ƙwayar zuma ta samo launin toka-mai launin shuɗi sannan ta rasa walƙarta, tana fitar da ita tare da gemu mai tsayi tare da kunkuntar rabe.

Ganyen honeysuckle suna lanceolate a sifar, tsawon 6-9 cm. The fi na ganye ruwan wukake ana nuna. Distinwararrun fasalin ganye na ganye na ganye shine kasancewar takaddun ganye mai siffar diski-furen da aka haɗe tare da petioles, ɗimbin yawa na matasa ganye. Tare da shekaru, inzali na ganyen ganye ya baci ko ya kasance a cikin nau'ikan bristles daban.

Furanni masu launin farin ciki masu launin fari, da launin rawaya Corolla. Furanni yawanci ana cikin nau'i-nau'i a cikin sinus na ganye. Kudan zuma na shinkafa ya danganta da yankin da ire-irensu daga farkon rabin Mayu zuwa farkon watan Yuni.

'Ya'yan itaciya masu ruwan zuma

zagaye
sikelin-silili;
cylindrical tare da yanke oblique a ƙasa;
ellipsoid da sauransu.

Coloraƙƙarfan ruwan berries na ruwan zuma suna da shunayya mai launin shuɗi ko ruwan shuɗi mai duhu, cikin launuka daban-daban. A ɓangaren litattafan almara ne m, fentin a cikin ja-violet launuka. Akwai nau'ikan honeysuckle tare da berries mai rawaya. A ciki akwai tsaba masu launin ruwan kasa, basu wuce 2 mm ba.

Tuna! Sai kawai ruwan hoda da shuɗi na ruwan hoda na ruwan zuma. Yellow berries ne inedible.

Blearancin ciyayi na zuma © haskap

Hanyoyin yaɗa ruwan zuma

Ga wadanda fata don girma honeysuckle a cikin kasar, da farko shi ne mafi alh tori saya seedlings. Idan kuna son berries ɗin ku ɗanɗani (ba kowa bane ke son zafin ƙarshen ɗabi'ar berries, nama mai ƙyalli da sauran halayen wasu abubuwan dandano), ana iya yaduran itacen da kansa.

Honeysuckle ya yada:

tsaba;
rarraba daji;
sakawa;
yanke (kore da kuma lignified).

Daga cikin sama, mafi sauki kuma mafi araha hanya don ƙirƙirar honeysuckle don samun adadi mai yawa na matasa seedlings ne cuttings. Ganyen kore yana da mafi girman rayuwa yayin yankan.

Fasaha don girbi kore honeysuckle cuttings

Sharuɗɗan sayen kaya

Mafi kyawun ma'anar don fara girbi kore cuttings shine lokaci na ƙarshen fure da samuwar fruitan fari na fari na zuma. Wannan lokaci yakan faru ne a ƙarshen Mayu - farkon watan Yuni.

Eterayyade da shiri na honeysuckle harbe domin yankan kore cuttings

Kafin fara yankan itace na lemonsuckle, ya zama dole a duba shirye-shiryen harbe saboda amfanin su na itace:

rassan honeysuckle da ke alama: laushi, na roba - wanda bai dace ba; irin wannan cutukan ba su da isasshen ƙarfi don saurin tushen;
ripened abu don yankan kore cuttings ne harbe da karya lokacin da lanƙwasa da wani crunch.

Dokoki don girbi kore honeysuckle cuttings

An girbe ganyen honeysuckle daga tsakiyar zaɓin da aka zaɓa.
Tsawon rikewa shine 7-12 cm kuma yana da internodes.
Kowane kumburi yana da koda da ganye.
Ana cire ganyen ƙananan ƙwallon ƙafa gaba ɗaya. Kodan kawai ya rage.
A tsakiya da babba, sun yanke tare da kasan ganye.
A kasan guntun honeysuckle, yanki din ya gushe a digiri 45.
An yanke guntun honeysuckle a sashin babba a madaidaiciya kuma 1.5 cm sama da koda na ƙarshe.

Rooting kore honeysuckle cuttings

Isarshen ɓangare na shirye-shiryen honeysuckle ana bi da su tare da wakilai masu haɗa tushen (tushe, heteroauxin), waɗanda ke taimakawa tushen tsarin da sauri, su hana kamuwa da ita tare da kamuwa da cuta da lalata. Ana aiwatar da hanyar bisa ga shawarwarin.

Ana aiwatar da Rooting a cikin ƙasa wanda aka shirya shi da kansa ko a cikin abin da aka siya a cikin shago.

An shirya cakuda kai mai cin gashin kansa don ƙoshin ruwan zuma daga peat da yashi, bi da bi 1 da sassa uku. Ana iya amfani da perlite ko vermiculite don cakuda ƙasa.

Honeysuckle cuttings suna immersed tare da ƙananan sashi a cikin shirye moistened substrate kuma an rufe shi da fim don kula da karuwar yanayin mulkin iska da substrate. An kiyaye zafin jiki na lokacin tushen tsakanin + 20 ... + 25 ° С. Tushen suna bayyana a tsakanin mako daya zuwa ɗaya da rabi. Msuwan zuma a cikin wannan shekarar ana canja su zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa ko kuma bazara mai zuwa.

Tushen edible honeysuckle cuttings

A fasahar girbi lignified honeysuckle cuttings

Sharuɗɗan sayen kaya

Ana iya girbe ganyen honeysuckle cikin sharuddan 2:

a cikin bazara kafin budadawa;
a cikin faduwa bayan faduwar ganye - kusan a shekaru goma na uku na Satumba - shekaru goma na farko na Oktoba.

Mafi ƙididdigar lokacin ana ƙaddara shi bisa ga yanayin yankin.

Dokoki don girbi lignified honeysuckle cuttings

Don yaduwar honeysuckle, an zaɓi ci gaban shekara-shekara.
Kauri daga hannun yakamata ya zama akalla 1 cm a diamita.
A lokacin girbi kaka, ana girbe ganyen ƙoshin zuma tare da tsawon 15-20 cm tare da 2 zuwa 5 internodes.
Cutukan Honeysuckle da aka yanka a kaka ana adana su a cikin rigar burlap, a cikin yashi ko ciyawa. Za a iya adana digo a cikin ƙasa.
Sand, sawdust da substrate dole ne a kula dasu tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal ko shirye-shiryen biofungicidal don kare kamuwa da cututtukan fungal yayin ajiya.
A lokacin yankan bazara, ana girbe ganyen honeysuckle a takaice - 10-12 cm.
Sashin na sama yana madaidaiciya, 0.5-1.0 cm sama da koda na ƙarshe .. ƙananan sashin shine 1.0-1.5 cm ƙasa da ƙananan koda, ɓangaren oblique.

Rooting na lignified honeysuckle cuttings

An shirya cutan honeysuckle a cikin gandun daji a cikin yankuna masu sanyi, kuma a cikin warmer - nan da nan akan tsaunin tsaunuka a buɗe.
A ƙasa a cikin gandun daji da kan dogo ne dug sama, leveled, da kyau moistened da Bugu da kari na tushen ko heteroauxin da biofungicides: planris ko trichodermin, ko wasu kwayoyi. Kornevin, heteroauxin ana buƙata don hanzarta ƙirƙirar tushen tsarin, kuma ana buƙatar fungicides don share substrate daga kamuwa da cuta na fungal, wanda zai haifar da ruɓaɓɓen ɓangarorin ɓawon ƙasa a cikin ƙasa.
An dasa ganyen Honeysuckle ta hanyar 12-15 cm a wani kusurwa na digiri 45.
Kodan na sama an rufe shi da wani yanki na substrate kusan 1.0 cm ko hagu a buɗe.
An rufe filaye tare da fim ko an rufe shi ta wata hanyar kuma kula da babban zafi na substrate da iska.
Kwana 15-20 bayan dasa shuki, an cire matsuguni. A cikin yan itace honeysuckle, tushen farko ya bayyana.
Carearin kulawa ya ƙunshi watering (mafi wuya fiye da tsari), wanda ƙasa ya kamata ya kasance mai laushi, ba rigar, kuma loosening, cire lokacin ciyawa.
A cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa, idan ya cancanta, ana dasa tushen bishiyoyin zuma don girma ko kuma nan da nan aka dasa shi a cikin dindindin.

Tuna! Lokacin da aka yada shi ta hanyar kore kore, rayayyiyar rayuwa shine 60-70%, kuma an daidaita shi - ba fiye da 20 da ƙasa da yawa ba - 40-50%.