Marigayi Blight, ko launin ruwan kasa rot na dankalin turawa, cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare gama gari, wanda ke shafar strawberries, buckwheat, tsire-tsire na Castor zuwa ƙasa kaɗan. Sunan fassarar ne daga kalmomin Helenanci 2: "shuka" "halaka." A Rasha, asarar dankalin turawa daga cutar shine tan miliyan ≈ miliyan 4 a shekara.
Abinda ke haifar da wakili ba gaskiya bane game da fungi (tsarin rarrabuwa daban - daban bayanai). A kowane hali, magungunan don magani ana kiran su fungicides, wanda ke nufin "kashe namomin kaza." Dankali yana kamuwa da zoospores a cikin ƙasa, a cikin ajiya, akan ragowar girbin girbin-girka da 'ya'yan da aka zaɓa. Cutar tarin fuka na iya zuwa (kamar yadda yake faruwa koyaushe) daga filoli masu cutar: idan tayi ruwa da ruwa ko kuma idan ta shafi dankali lokacin girbi. A cikin ruwan sama da dumi, cutar tana yaduwa cikin hanzari kuma tana iya shafar duk filin.
Karanta labarinmu: Cutar da dankali tare da hotuna da kwatancin.
Alamar halayyar cututtukan dankalin Turawa da ke sanadiyyar fari
Dankali ana shuka su ne kuma farkon fararen kore kore sun riga sun bayyana. Tsire-tsire suna samun ƙarfi a hankali. Bushes ya zama yaduwa. Kasance mai kyau girbi, amma wata rana sai kaji kwatsam cewa gadajen dankalin turawa naka ya canza, bushesan babu kyau sosai. Bayyanar cututtuka da cutar suna duhu a sassan tsirrai, daga baya aibobi suna girma, a cikin tubers - mycelium yana haɓaka cikin ƙasa. Kwayar cuta ta sakandare sau da yawa tana kwance akan gabobin da abin ya shafa kuma ta gama lalata amfanin gonar, ta juyar da dankalin turawa a wani jujjuyawar girkin. A cikin yanayi mai laushi, haske na mycelium mai ɗauke da fruita fruitan itace mai gudana a ƙasa da ganye.
Phytophthora a kan dankali, hoton yana nuna shan kashi na sassa daban daban na shuka. Yaƙi da cutar dole ne ya fara a farkon alamar, kuma zai fi dacewa kafin halayen su. A wannan yanayin ne kawai za'a iya ajiye amfanin gona kuma a hana karye taro.
Bayanai daga labarin
Ruwan bacci ya haddasa matsananciyar yunwar a Ireland a 1845-1849. Shekaru da yawa, ƙimar ƙasar ta rage ta kwata ... Don ceton kansu, mutane sun yi ƙaura yin hijira. A kan jiragen ruwa waɗanda a baya suka yi jigilar bayi, waɗanda suka raunana saboda yunwa da cuta, mutane suka tafi Amurka. Mutuwa a kan jiragen ruwa ya kai 20-30% ... Wadannan jiragen ruwan da aka lalata an kira su da akwatin gawa-jirgi - coffins, a zahiri - jirgin ruwa-akwatin jirgin ruwa ... Game da "Babban Dankalin Dankali" har yanzu mutane suna raira waƙoƙi, abubuwan tunawa, mutane suna tunawa ...
Matakan sarrafawa da rigakafin cutar
A cikin yanayin da ya dace, cutar tana ci gaba da sauri, don haka da farko ku kula da rigakafin cutar.
- Da lafiya kayan shuka. Yana da kyau don dumama makonni kafin dasa shuki don kayan da aka zaɓa biyu kuma a sake dubawa, cire tubers tare da ƙananan alamun cutar.
- Zabi na iri dake tsayayya. Babu cikakkiyar jurewa, kuma duk da haka bambance-bambancen dake cikin saurin bambance-bambancen nau'ikan suna da mahimmanci.
- Ana cire ragowar girbi. Wadannan suna matsayin tushen kamuwa da cuta. Yankawa na farko kafin yin digging tare da cire shi daga filin shima ya taimaka: tare da ganyayyaki marasa lafiya, na iya kasancewa ana samun ƙarancin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun 'ya'yan itace. Har sai sun hadu da marassa lafiya.
- Kula da jujin amfanin gona. Muna yin la'akari da cewa pathogen, kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, kuma yana haɓaka a kan sauran masu bacci (har ma a kan buckwheat, Castor da strawberries, amma zuwa mafi ƙarancin tasiri a kansu), don haka dasa dankali bayan tumatir ko eggplant mummunan ra'ayi ne. Juyar da amfanin gona shine ɗayan mahimman matakan kariya daga cututtukan tsire-tsire iri daban-daban.
- Tsabtacewa da wuri. Tare da riƙe da tubers na ɗan lokaci a wuri mai bushe don ripening. Zai taimaka, musamman ma a lokacin damina da ke samar da ci gaban naman gwari.
- Guji tsauraran wurare masu kauri. A irin waɗannan halayen, cutar tana haɓaka da sauri.
- Balagaya. Baya ga maƙasudi na yau da kullun, wannan dabarar ta kuma kare tubers daga kamuwa da cuta.
- Zabi wani wuri don ƙasa. A cikin ƙasƙantar da ƙasa, gumi yana da girma, sau da yawa danshi yana yin tururuwar iska, wanda ke ƙarshen iska.
- Kar kuyi overdo da liming! Ya fi son cutar ...
- Warewa yankin Kamar yadda filayen dankalin Turawa daban-daban, da filayen wasu tsirrai na dangin da suke solanace - tumatir, eggplant, saboda lokacin bazara ya shafe su.
- Muna bin fasahar noma. Tsirrai, kamar mutane: suna samun saukin kamuwa da cutar kuma suna rashin lafiya mai rauni ta wurin yanayin ci gaba mara kyau.
- Muna amfani da rigan miya cikin hikima. Gabatarwar nitrogen yana motsa fiɗa kuma sau da yawa yana ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, amma yana ƙara haɗarin. Amma gabatarwar potassium ko takin zamani na takin zamani, musamman jan karfe - akasin haka, yana kiyaye tsirrai.
Za mu fara farkon jiyya kafin farkon alamun cutar!
Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman idan yanayin yayi ruwa, ko m. Bayyananniyar namomin kaza a cikin gandun daji suna da kusanci, amma duk da haka alama ce: lokaci yayi da za a fara sarrafawa. Kuma aka fesa lokaci-lokaci, sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu ko shekaru goma. Yadda ake sarrafa dankali daga Blight marigayi? Duk wani fungicides, zaɓin naku ne - a shagon, a kamfanoni ko kuma a wajen keɓaɓɓiyar kaya, ƙaddarar tana da girma, muna siyanta da sakawa bisa ga umarnin. Amma mutane suna amfani da wasu magunguna don maganin bazara a kan dankali, suna sarrafawa ba kawai tare da fungicides ba. Sakamakon yana da rikitarwa, akwai magoya baya da yawa na hanyoyi daban-daban, amma gaba daya dogara ... yana da daraja a sa ido. A gefe guda, menene idan ya taimaka? Don haka, fesa.
- Milk, madara ko skim (diluted).
- Tincture na tafarnuwa.
- Trichopolum (mun saya a cikin kantin magani) kwamfutar hannu / lita na ruwa.
- Aidin (mun saya a can). Koyaya, ana haɗa su yawanci; lokacin da aka fesa tare da madara, ana saukad da 10-15 / lita na aidin.
- Tincture akan superphosphate.
- Maganin rauni na jan karfe na tagulla.
Iodine, vitriol, superphosphate, zaka iya ƙara taki potassium - wannan ba wai kawai ba sosai kariya daga ƙarshen Blight, amma kuma ciyar da tsire-tsire. Kuma samfuran kiwo suna samar da fim mai kariya a saman ganye wanda ke hana pathogen shiga cikin shuka. Kuma duk da haka, mafi yawan abin dogara ne tabbatar da sunadarai. Zai yi wuya a faɗi abin da ya fi kyau, duk kamfanoni suna yaba da nasu, amma duk da haka wasu kwayoyi suna yin gwaji sosai kafin su ci gaba da siyarwa. Da ƙari. Muna bincika da cire ganye da ke ciwo, ya bayyana sarai, idan lokaci yayi da kuma damar dasa shuki, zaku iya sarrafa babbar filin kamar haka.
