Dicenter, ko "zuciya a rabi"

Akwai tatsuniyoyi da yawa game da dicenter, mafi yawa game da ƙauna mara dadi. Faransa labari ya ce:

"Youngan yarinyar Jeanette ta tafi daji kuma ta yi asara. Don neman hanyar da wani saurayi ya taimake ta da ita. A banza yarinyar ta nemi ganawa da saurayin, amma bai bayyana ba. Amma da zarar, wani attajiri ya hau kan ƙauyen, wanda gaban wani doki sananne ya fito, sai kuma wata yarinya kusa da shi. Jeanette ta yi rawar jiki, ta mutu, nan da nan zuciyar ta tayi wani fure mai kyau".

Tun daga wannan lokacin, Faransawa suna kiranta da “zuciyar Jeanette”, Jamusawa - “furen zuciya”, Russia - “zuciya mai rauni”, da Ingila - “zuciya mai zubar da jini”. Rashin jin daɗin ƙwayar ganyayyaki, sun kira wannan shuka mai binciken dicenter (Dicentra), daga kalmomin helenancin 'dis' - sau biyu da 'kentron' - spur, wanda ke fassara - mai magana sau biyu, - a gaban kasancewar 'yan biyu a corolla petals.

Dicentra (Dicentra).

A farkon lokacin girma, daji na dicentres yana da kyau sosai tare da taushi, ganye mai ganye tare da ƙyalli mai haske, kuma lokacin da shuka ya yi fure, ya zama ba daga gasa. A kan ladabi mai ladabi da ladabi, kamar kana rataye ƙananan zukata, rawar jiki daga ƙarancin iska.

Akwai wasu lokutan da ba a samar da kayan aikin gona na mutum guda daya ba tare da dicentres ba. Idan ka kalli tsirrai iri-iri, ana tunanin ziyartarka ta hanyar tunani, waɗannan “zukatan” suna da laushi kuma basu da kariya. Dicenter ya daɗe yana zama fure da aka fi so da samari. A kan lokaci, ta ba da zuwa ga wasu, tsirrai na lambun da ke gaye. Amma lokaci ya yi, da iri sun bayyana a cikin lambuna, suna bambanta launi da sifar ganye, launin corolla.

Nau'in Dicentres

Halittar dicenter daga subfamily Dymyankovye (Fumariaceae) dangin dangiPapaveraceae) ya hada da nau'ikan 8. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa mafi mashahuri nau'ikan guda biyu suna mafi kyawun suna: dicenter yana da kyau, dicenter na kwarai ne, na uku kuma kyakkyawa ne mai kyau.

Tun daga 2009, dangin Fumarioideae a cikin tsarin rarrabuwa na APG III an haɗa su a cikin gidan Papaveraceae. A baya, musamman, a cikin tsarin APG II, an kasafta shi a cikin dangi daban.

Don haka cibiyar kwazazzabo (Dicentra spectabilis) A al'ada tun daga 1810. Dicentic dicenter ya girma a yanayi a gabashin China da kuma yankin Koriya. Rhizome perennial har zuwa 1 m tsayi. Ganyen suna da girma, kewaya-kewaya, kore a sama, ƙwanƙwasa a ƙasa, kyalli. Furen furanni masu launin shuɗi zuwa 3 cm a diamita, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin gefe ɗaya, arched curving racemose inflorescences.

Dicenter fure fure mai girma na wata daya da rabi, bayan wannan sashin na sama ya mutu. Lokacin hunturu Bai yarda da aukuwa kusancin ruwan karkashin kasa da fari ba. A cikin maganar ta ƙarshe, an rage lokacin furanni. Tana da ƙananan ƙanƙara mai sanyi da ƙasa fiye da babban tsari, nau'i mai farar fata - 'Alba'. Wani sabon abu ne na 2004 shine nau'i tare da furanni ruwan hoda da ganye rawaya mai launin rawaya "Hut na Zina" - 'Zuciyar Gwal'.

Dicenter mai ban al'ajabi, ko kuma bangon Zuciya mai ban sha'awa, a haɗa - karyewar zuciya (Lamprocapnos spectabilis, tsohuwar Dicentra spectabilis). M a n u e l

Cibiyar ba ta da kyau, ko kyau kwarai (Dicentra eximia) A al'ada tun daga 1812. Yana girma a Arewacin Amurka. Itace Perennial, har zuwa 30 cm tsayi. Ana tattara ganye a cikin matattara mai kauri. Furanni masu ruwan hoda har zuwa 2.5 cm a diamita. Ganyen fure na musamman daga rabin rabin Mayu tsawon watanni biyu. Winters ba tare da tsari. Yana da nau'i mai farar fata - 'Alba'.

Cibiyar tana da kyau (Dicentra formosa) A al'ada tun daga 1796. Gida - Arewacin Amurka. Shuka mai tsiro zuwa sama da cm 30. Ganyen suna kore sama, ƙasa mai laushi, a kan dogayen zangarniya, a cikin roan itace basal. Furanni har zuwa 2 cm a diamita, ruwan hoda-purple, aka tattara cikin inflorescences. A dicenter blooms da kyau yalwatacce daga marigayi May zuwa kaka. Lokacin hunturu Tana da nau'ikan iri iri: Aurora - 'Aurora' tare da fararen ƙananan ƙananan mai launin shuɗi da launin shuɗi a farfajiyar da 'Sarkin Hart' - 'Sarkin Zuciya' tare da furanni masu ɗimbin launuka ruwan hoda da ganye mai launin shuɗi

Dicentra napellus (Dicentra cucullaria) an gano shi a cikin 1731 a gabashin Amurka, daga kan iyaka da Kanada zuwa Arewacin Carolina, ciki har da Kansas, inda yake zaune har zuwa yau saboda ƙaunar ƙasan yashi. An aika samfurori na dicentre na capilliferous zuwa Karl Linnaeus, wanda ya bayyana wannan shuka tare da tushen bututu, amma ba zai iya rarrabuwa ba.

A cikin ƙasa, ana kiran wannan shuka da "dicenter tare da hood," kuma a Ingila, mai hood-lipped dicenter da aka yiwa lakabi da "Yaƙin Holland" saboda gaskiyar cewa fure mai juyawa tana kama da farin wando na Burtaniya tare da bel mai launin shuɗi tare da matukan jirgin ruwan Holland. Dicenter napellus - m ƙaramin shuka tare da translucent fararen furanni har zuwa 2 cm tsawo, forming buroshi 8-15 cm high.

Dicentra kyakkyawa, ko Heartflower kyau (Dicentra formosa). Ums baumschule-horstmann

A waje kula da dicenter

Dicenter ya zama marar misalai, a wuri guda zai iya girma shekaru da yawa, yana juyawa cikin ƙaƙƙarfan daji, ciyayi mai yawa. Dukansu hasken rana da sasanninta na lambun sun dace da dasawa. A cikin inuwa, fure zai fara daga baya, amma zai daɗe. Ya fi son haske, mai gina jiki, matsakaici m kasa. Tare da waterlogging, da fleshy Tushen rot.

Don hana fure na dicentres, ƙara superphosphate a cikin bazara kuma ƙara humus zuwa gindin “daji”, kuma bayan fure, ciyar da shi tare da jiko na mullein ko takin nitrogen.

A lokutan bushewa, dicenter na buƙatar shayarwa, wanda bayan an gama ciyawar ƙasa, wannan zai kare tushen da sabon buds daga zafi. M furanni da ganyen dicenter suna fama da dusar ƙanƙara, waɗanda ba sabon abu bane a tsakiyar layin bazara da farkon bazara. Don adana tsirrai a lokacin daskarewa, an rufe shi da kayan da ba'a saka ba. A cikin kaka, an cire ɓangare na dicentres, yana barin hemp 3-5 cm babba.

Sake bugun dicentres

Dicenter yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba tsofaffin bushes, cuttings da kuma da wuya, don jan iri sabbin - tsaba.

Dasa dicenter tsaba

Tsaba a tsakiyar band, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba a ɗaure su ba. Wannan a fili ya faru ne sakamakon karancin pollinator. Sabili da haka, sau da yawa suna yada zuwa dicenter vegetatively lokacin da tsire-tsire suke cikin wani lokaci mai laushi. Amma idan kuwa kun sami tsaba, to kuna buƙatar sanin cewa an shuka dicenter a cikin lokaci, saboda ya iya haɓaka, hawa da ɗaukar tushe bayan dasawa.

Harbi na dicentres a zazzabi na digiri 18 ya bayyana a ranar 20-30. Seedlings nutse har ya rufe don hunturu tare da ganye. Saboda haka, shuka ne yake aikata a farkon watan Agusta. Kuna iya harba kaka kuma kada ku nutse. Seedlings Bloom a shekara ta uku. Hakanan zaka iya shuka tsaba na dicentric don shuka a watan Fabrairu da Maris.

Dicentra napellus (Dicentra cucullaria). Erry Kerry Woods

Raba da watsa dicentres

Bushes dicentres an rarrabe kuma a dasa shi a cikin bazara (ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon May) da kaka (Satumba). Don wannan, an haƙa dasa shuka a hankali kuma an tsabtace shi daga ƙasa. Rhizomes masu rauni ne, kuma suna buƙatar kulawa da hankali. Don hana fashewa, kafin rarrabawa, ana iya ɗanɗana dan kadan. A kowane rabo ya kamata a sami harbe 3-4 na dicentres tare da asalinsu. Don samun daji tare da shinge da yawa a farkon shekarar, an sanya bangarori biyu cikin rami ɗaya.

Yanke dicentres

Ana ɗaukar yankan daga dicentres mai ban sha'awa a farkon bazara, kuma daga kyawawan dicentres - ko'ina cikin bazara. Don yin wannan, a hankali shebur a ƙasa daga harbe, kuma an yanke itace tare da reza, wanda a sa'an nan aka dasa shi a cikin greenhouse a cikin sauƙi mai sauƙi, zuwa zurfin 10 cm, kuma an girgiza. Bayan makonni 3-4, tsiron ya fito. Duk wannan lokacin da ake fitar da shinkafa mai kyau, kuma an bar qasa ta dafe. Tushen da aka dasa suna canzawa zuwa wuri mai ɗorewa a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa.

Yanke dicentra na iya zama ba tushe ba kawai, amma har tushe. Don yin wannan, ɗauki guda na tushen 10-20 cm tsayi.

Yin amfani da dicentres a cikin tsarin lambun

Masu zanen kaya suna matukar son Dicenter. Bayan haka, ƙananan nau'in sun dace da tsire-tsire masu gauraye a kan tudu, kazalika a cikin gadaje na fure da kan iyakoki, tare da manta-ni-nots, primulas. Kyawawan dicentra sunyi kyau sosai a cikin daji daya. Nan kusa zaka iya dasa hellebore, swimsuit, anemone.

Dicentra na kwarai ne, ko ingantacciya (Dicentra eximia). Rick Patrick Tsaye

Distillation Dicenters

Dicenter za a iya amfani da shi don distillation. Don yin wannan, an haƙa shuka ingantaccen shuka a cikin kaka daga gonar kuma a watsa ta cikin tukunya. Abun da ya kamata a cikin ƙasa ya zama haske, alal misali, ƙasa mai gonar gauraye da takarda ƙasa da yashi (2: 2: 1).

Za a sanya tukunya da dicenter a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi, mai sanyi mai sanyi har zuwa ƙarshen Disamba - farkon Janairu kuma a lokaci-lokaci ana shayar da shi, sannan a canza shi zuwa ɗakin da ke da zafin jiki har zuwa digiri 10, yin ruwa mai yawa (zaku iya ciyar da shi tare da taki don furanni na cikin gida), sanya shuka kusa da haske . A watan Fabrairu, inji zai yi fure. Ana sanya dicenter mai lalacewa a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi, kuma a cikin bazara an dasa shi a ƙasa.