Blomarea flower Shuka da kulawa a filin budewa Daga girma daga iri da yaduwar jinsunan Hoto

Liana bomareya dasa shuki da kulawa a cikin hoto a bude

Bomarea (Latin: Bomarea) tsire-tsire ne mai tsire-tsire ko tsiro na bishiyoyi a cikin hawan hawan ko hawan itacen inabi na gidan Alstremería, ya danganta da nau'in, yana iya kaiwa tsawon 2-5 m. An ba da sunan tsiro don girmamawa ga Jacques-Christophe Valmon de Beaumard - Masanin dabi'ar Faransa da botanist. Yanayin yanayi ya zama ruwan dare a Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka, farawa daga kan iyakar Mexico.

Liana bututu ne mai kaɗa ƙura. Ta tushe sauƙin kunsa kowane tallafi. Leaf faranti masu sauki ne, tsawon lokaci a tsari, galibi yawanci yayi laushi, mara galihu - pubescent. Ganyen yana haɗe a madadin haka, suna da ƙima mai ban sha'awa (resorption): an juya su akan petiole ta hanyar 180º, don haka ɓangaren ɓangaren farantin ganye yana ƙasa, ƙasa kuma daga sama.

Blossoming na creepers yana da tsawo, yana da kallon chic. Ana tattara batutuwan launin-toka ko tubular a cikin hadaddun tseren tsere ko laima inflorescences. Infaya daga cikin inflorescence yana da 40-100 buds. Corollas suna da yawa (diamita 3-6 cm), launuka masu haske: rawaya, ruwan lemo, sautunan launin ja, haɗuwa iri ɗaya. Godiya ga fure mai ban sha'awa, yan lambu suna sha'awar girma bomarea, duk da gaskiyar cewa a cikin yanayi mai zafi ana iya horar dashi azaman shekara-shekara.

Wasu nau'ikan kumburi suna da kaddarorin magani, akwai wakilai masu cin abinci.

Ana amfani da Lioma Bomarea don aikin lambu na tsaye (pergola, arches, bango, ado na baranda da arbor). A cikin yanayin layi na tsakiya, ana dasa su galibi a cikin kwantena, waɗanda aka canzawa zuwa greenhouse mai sanyi don hunturu.

Lokacin da Bomarea blooms

Kyakkyawan furanni na bomarei yana farawa a watan Mayu kuma yakan kasance har ƙarshen bazara.

Kiwo

Bomarea yana yaduwa ta hanyar tsiro (iri) da kuma hanyoyin tsirrai. Sau da yawa sun fi son sayen seedlings a cikin gandun daji na musamman.

Girma Bomarea daga tsaba

Tsaba bomarei hoto na kwalaye na zuriya

A cikin yanayin dumin yanayi, ana shuka iri iri kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara, lokacin da aka saita zazzabi a 13-16 ° C.

Yaushe kuma yadda ake shuka shuka

Don wasu yankuna, ana buƙatar shuka tsiro mai girma. Kan aiwatar da ƙwaya germination yana kimanin watanni 3, don haka fara shuka a kusa da farkon Fabrairu. Shuka cikin kwantena tare da ƙasa mai narkewa mai gina jiki, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da kyakkyawan magudanar ruwa.

Rarraba tsaba a kan farfajiya na ƙasa kawai ta hanyar matsi kaɗan, taushi daga mai kyau sprayer, rufe amfanin gona da gilashin ko fim, samar da yaduwar walƙiya.
Za'a buƙaci bambanci a cikin zafin jiki na iska: kula da kewayon 20-24 ° C don makonni 2-3, sannan riƙe shi a zazzabi na 5 ° C na lokaci guda, sannan komawa zuwa ainihin asalin (20-24 ° C).
Kar ka manta da iska da albarkatun gona, lokaci-lokaci fesa kasar gona.

Bomarea daga tsaba lokacin da za a nutse hoto

Lokacin da ƙananan tsire-tsire suna da ganye na ainihi 3-4, dasa su cikin kwantena daban. Don ingantaccen haɓaka na liana, yawan tukunya ya zama kimanin lita 3. Dasawa zuwa cikin ƙasa a cikin Mayu, lokacin da barazanar sanyi gaba ɗaya ta wuce. Kuna iya barin don girma a yanayin ɗakin.

Kiwo daga bomarei ta hanyar rarraba daji

Yadda za'a raba hoton daji bomarei

Kayan lambu da Bomarei ke yaduwa ta hanyar rarraba daji. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a farkon lokacin bazara (kamar a watan Maris). Raba tsire-tsire na manya zuwa cikin sassa da yawa, kowannensu ya kamata ya sami rhizome (ko tubers) da fure mai girma, dasa a cikin akwati tare da cakuda ƙasa mai gina jiki don tushen.

Ruwa mai yalwa, amfani da kayan miya (wanda ya sa shuka ya sami nasara sosai kuma yana shirye don dasawa cikin ƙasa).

Sanya don girma bomarea

Don haɓaka bomaroea a cikin bude ƙasa, zaɓi yanki mai cike da hasken wuta tare da kariya daga abubuwan kwalliya da iska mai ƙarfi. Yankin yamma ko na kudu ya fi kyau, amma a cikin ƙarfe na yamma kariya daga hasken rana kai tsaye yana da kyau.

Abubuwan halaye na ƙasa: abinci mai gina jiki, ruwa da tsinkayen iska, tsaka tsaki. Sandy da loamy kasa suna da kyau.

Bomarea liana za'a iya girma a gida. Don yin wannan, ɗauki wurin zama a taga ta kudu.

Dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa

Bomarei dasa a cikin ƙasa bude ne da za'ayi a ƙarshen Afrilu, lokacin da aka kafa zafi akai. Idan yanayin har yanzu yana da kyau, zaku iya shuka kafin ƙarshen Mayu.

Tona rami na dasa irin wannan girman da wani juji mai juji (game da 3 cm yashi) yayi daidai da ƙasan kuma seedling tare da dunƙule, ƙashin wuyan yakamata ya zama a matakin ƙasa.
A lokacin da dasa shuki tubers, aiki kamar wancan don dasa gladioli, ba kwa buƙatar zurfafa da yawa.

Ruwa mai yalwa.

Yadda ake kulawa da Bomarey a bude yake

Kula da Bomarey a cikin hoto na bude ƙasa

Yadda ake ruwa

Yayin lokacin dasawa da haɓaka harbe, ana buƙatar wadataccen ruwa: kimanin lita 10 na ruwa a ƙarƙashin kowane daji sau ɗaya a mako shine tsarin al'ada. Ruwa a gaba. Ya isa don ƙara adadin ruwa, amma kimanin lokaci 1 cikin kwanaki 14 - 'yan kwanaki kafin a cika ruwa, ƙasa ya bushe gaba ɗaya. A cikin bushe, yanayin zafi, yayyafa lokaci-lokaci.

Yadda ake ciyarwa

Ya kamata a ciyar da Bomarei tare da takin ma'adinai mai hadaddun (zaɓi abubuwan da aka tsara don tsire-tsire na fure). Sanya su a ƙarƙashin tushen tare da mita na 1 lokaci a cikin makonni biyu, maida hankali dole ne bin umarnin. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da kwayoyin halitta (maganin maganin ciyawar kaji da taki ko kuma saniya a maida hankali na 1 zuwa 10), amma yana da kyawawa don shuka mai ƙarfi.

Bayan fure, gajartar da harbe ta 1/3 na tsawon zuwa ta da tillering.

Liana tana buƙatar tallafi.

Cincin bomarei

Bamarai na iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi zuwa -5 ° C. A cikin canjin yanayin zafi yana da damar yin hunturu a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Don yin wannan, a cikin kaka, ya kamata a yanke harbe zuwa tushe kuma a rufe ƙasa da peat, ganye mai bushe ko rassan spruce. Don tabbatar da lafiyar shuka, yana da kyau a tono fitar da rhizome tare da ƙammar ƙura, dasa shi a tukunya da yashi da sandunan shago, adana a cikin ɗakin duhu mai sanyi, yana bushe ƙasa a lokaci-lokaci.

Lokacin girma girma a cikin akwati, tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, yanke itacen inabi a ƙarƙashin tushe kuma canja shi zuwa ajiya a cikin ɗakin, samar da yanayin da ke sama.

Kuna iya shuka bomarea a matsayin shekara-shekara.

Lokacin da girma a ɗaka a farkon lokacin hunturu, shuka yana shiga yanayin hutawa. Dakatar da ciyarwa, tabbatar da wadataccen ruwa da iska mai sanyi.

Cutar da kwari

Dankin yana da tsayayya da cuta da kwari, amma rashin isasshen kulawa na iya haifar da matsala.

Idan ganye rasa su elasticity, droop, duba tushen tsarin Rotting. Wannan na faruwa ne daga hana ruwa na kasar gona. Cire wuraren da abin ya shafa, bi da tare da kashe-kashe kuma gyara. Bada izinin earthen ya bushe gaba ɗaya, sannan daidaita yanayin ruwa.

Endsarshen ganye ya bushe daga rashin danshi, da furanni Fade. Ya kamata ku kula ba kawai game da shayarwa ba, har ma da ƙarin spraying na shuka.

Daga cikin kwari, aphids, whiteflies, da kuma mites gizo-gizo na iya tayar da hankali. don rigakafin a ƙarshen bazara, bi da shiri tare da shirye-shiryen kwari mai kwari, maimaita hanya bayan kwana 10. Idan an gano alamun lalacewa (farantin ganye an karkatar da shi, an canza shi, dige baƙi ya bayyana a kansu), wajibi ne don gudanar da aikin jiyya.

Nau'in bomarei tare da hotuna da sunaye

Bomarea ga Bomarea edulis

Bomarea bomarea Bomarea edulis hoto

Sunan shuka ya kasance saboda gaskiyar cewa 'ya'yanta sun dace da amfani. A wasu yankuna na Andes, an girma su musamman don abinci. Gashi mai tushe, idan aka girma a gida, an iyakance shi zuwa tsawon 2 m, yayi girma a kan titi fiye da tsawon m 3. ladaƙarin buɗe ido yana da tsawo, kusan 13-15 cm tsayi, kore mai launi a launi, farfajiya tayi laushi kuma ɓangaren ƙananan ya zama kadan.

Wani ɓangaren ciki na fure mai kararrawa na iya samun launin shuɗi-kore, ja ko shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da ɗigo mai ɗigo, ɓangaren waje na iya zama ruwan hoda, ja, kifin.

Mafi kyawun nau'in sanyi wanda ke jure yanayin faduwa zuwa -5 ° C. Wannan yana ba ku damar shuka vines a cikin ƙasa a cikin tsakiyar Rasha, amma ana buƙatar hunturu a ɗaka. Don wannan nau'in Bomarea, ana buƙatar yanki mai ɗan inuwa kaɗan.

Bomarea multiflora Bomarea multiflora

Bomarea multiflora Bomarea multiflora hoto

Liana yana da wahalar hawa hawa har zuwa tsawon m 3.5. Lebbis ruwan an rufe shi da mafitsara a bayan ganye, gefen da yake a tsakiya shine tushensa. Sakamakon kasancewar pubescence, ganyayyaki kore suna da launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi, wanda ke ƙara adorativeness. Tsawon furanni tubular shine 4-5 cm, suna tattarawa a cikin tsaka-tsalle mai laima, suna haifar da nau'i na ball. Sashin waje na corolla yana da launin rawaya, ruwan lemo ko bulo mai launin shuɗi, ɓangaren ciki shine rawaya ko lemo mai tsinkaye tare da jan launi.

Bomarea caldasa Bomarea caldasii

Bomarea caldasa Bomarea caldasii hoto

Wani itacen ɓoyayyen abu mai ƙyalli a ƙasa daga Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka, inda zai iya girma kamar ciyawa, yana lalata tsire-tsire. Lokacin da aka girma a cikin yanayinmu ba barazana ga sauran tsire-tsire ba. Tsawon itacen zaitun ya kasance mita 2-5. Fuskar mai tushe ta rufe shi da fata mai laushi na fenti mai launin shuɗi, faranti masu launin shuɗi tare da launin toka mai launin toka.

Furanni suna da yawa, tsayin kararrawa ya kai 6 cm, an tattara su a cikin laima inflorescence-Sphere. Kowane fure yana a haɗe zuwa keɓaɓɓen farfajiya mai launin shuɗi, ɓangaren waje na corolla yana da launin ja, ruwan lemo, rawaya, ciki yana da rawaya mai haske tare da manyan launuka masu launin ja.

Bamarea afuwa

Bomarea pardina Bomarea afuwa hoto

Kyakkyawan m inflorescences na murjani jan tubular furanni tare da fararen shawarwari da aka kwarara tare da ƙananan baƙar fata. Ra'ayin yana da ban mamaki. Liana daga Ekwado ne.

Bassar yanayin shimfidar wuri

Bomareya a cikin hoton karkara hoto tare da liana

A cikin zane mai faɗi, ana amfani da Bomarey don aikin lambu na tsaye. Stemsaurenta zai yi saurin ɗaure kusa da jakar, ta pergola, arbor ko bango inda haske mai haske na bomarei zai tashi nan da nan - babban kayan ado na shuka.