Ascocenda (Ascocenda) - tsire na epiphytic matasan halittar halittar mallakar gidan Orchidaceae (Orchidaceae). Ascda shine yankewa game da sunan gabaɗaya a cikin floriculture, duka masana'antu da mai son.
Wannan nau'in orchid baya faruwa a cikin yanayi, kamar yadda aka samo shi ta hanyar ƙetare abubuwa biyu - Vanda (Vanda) da Ascocentrum (Ascocentrum). Har zuwa yau, kusan nau'ikan nau'ikan ascocentrums 10 da fiye da 50 nau'ikan vandas an san su, kusan dukkanin waɗannan ana amfani dasu don haɓaka sabon nau'in ƙwayoyin halittar Ascocenta.
Babban bayani
Ascocende ana ɗauka mai sauƙi ne na orchid mai sauƙi don kulawa, na biyu kawai ga phalaenopsis a cikin wannan ƙimar. An rubuta farkon hawa zuwa Hawaii a cikin 1949. Ya kasance samfurin Ascocentrum curvifolium (babban ascocentrum da aka yi amfani da shi don hybridization) da Vanda lamellata (vanda da ke da yawa na Philippines), wanda ake kira Portia Doolittle.
Bugu da kari, kiwo sabbin abubuwan ascocendes “sun sami cigaba sosai” kuma a yau kusan rabin dubu daya da rabi (ana hada dasu ne) wadanda aka sani ascocendes da kimanin rabin giram miliyan daya wadanda suke da alaka. Yayin haɓaka, an inganta ingantattun ƙwayoyi don godiya ga giciye-zaɓi da zaɓi. Ana ci gaba da aiki kan haɓakar sabbin nau'ikan da nau'ikan ascocendes, kuma kowace shekara suna zama mafi ƙwarewa da bambancin yanayi.
Tunda aka gada daga magabatanta yanayin da yake hauhawar girma, mai hauhawar yana da tsinkaye a tsaye, ci gaban wanda yake ci gaba cikin rayuwar shuka. Succulent kore ganye a kan kara an sanya su a cikin tsari na gaba. Ganyen yana rufe da murfin velamen, wanda zai baka damar tarawa da riƙe danshi a ciki, wanda shuka take sha daga iska. Ascocende ya gaji siffar farantin ganye daga Vandas. Dogon ganye da ke jikin Ascocenus suna da fuska mai dan kadan yayin babban jijiya da giftawa a karshen, suna samar da madaukai guda biyu mara iyaka.
A lokacin furanni, wanda ke faruwa a kaka da kuma bazara, wakilan halittun suna samar da oran tsinkaye ɗaya na karin tsinkaye, wanda ya ƙunshi furanni 12-25. Babban girman furanni na masu hauhawar kaya an karɓa daga vandas, kuma da yawa daga cikinsu daga ascocentrum. Furanni a cikin diamita sun isa daga 5 zuwa 8 santimita, kuma a cikin saukin nau'i sun yi kama da pansies. Palette mai launi na waɗannan orchids ba shi da wadataccen arziki kuma yana cikin tsararren yanayi mai dumi. Ana fentin furanni cikin launuka masu haske daga rawaya da ruwan lemo zuwa ruwan hoda da mai ruwan duhu.
Karamin tsire-tsire na iya jefa har zuwa ƙafa 6 a shekara. Su sanannen sananne ne tsakanin masu girke girke a cikin wurare masu zafi saboda ƙarancin girman su, sabanin manyan vandas. Sau da yawa, ana amfani da furanni na Ascocenda don ƙirƙirar bouquets da aka sayar a cikin shagunan furanni.
Ascocenda kulawar gida
Ascocenda yana buƙatar kulawa guda ɗaya duk shekara, saboda ba shi da lokacin hutawa.
Orchid yana da ikon daidaitawa da kowane adadin haske, don haka ana iya sanya duka a kan windows ta arewa da kuma ta kudanci (kuna buƙatar inuwa da tsakar rana). Babban abin da ake buqata don samar da haske shine rashin bambance-bambance masu ma'ana. A ranar girgije da kuma gajeren hasken rana, hasken shuka tare da phytolamps ya zama dole kafin a kai hasken awa 12. Ganyayyaki masu wrinkled da masu launin ja suna nuna “overdose” na haske, da ganyayyaki kore masu duhu suna nuna rashin haske.
Tsarin zafin jiki na abubuwan da ke tattare da waɗannan orchids suna da alaƙa kai tsaye da tsananin hasken haske. Mafi girma shine, yawan zafin jiki na iya zama. Matsakaicin matsakaicin zazzagewa a cikin rana daga 23 zuwa 27 ne, a dare - daga digiri 16 zuwa 22. A cikin hunturu, bai kamata a yarda da yawan zafin jiki ya ƙasa da digiri 16 ba.
Watering Ascocendes da zafi
Zai fi kyau don ba da ruwa ga Ascocene ta hanyar nutsewa. An sanya tukunya da tsiro ko orchid kanta a cikin kwandon cike da ruwa tsawon minti 30. Bayyanar tushen zai iya tantance ajalinsu. Ruwan velamen wanda ke rufe asalin sa ya sami launi mai launi da alamu. Tushen bushewa suna da launin toka. Mitar yawan ruwa ya dogara da yadda orchid yake girma. Idan aka dasa shi a cikin gurbin, to, ana shayar da ruwa idan ya bushe sarai. Idan hauhawa tayi girma tare da tsarin tushen kyauta, to, an shaɗa ruwa tare da lalacewa. Amma duk da haka ana bada shawara ga "wanka" irin wannan tsire-tsire a kowace rana. Ana amfani da ruwa don ban ruwa mai ɗumi da lafiya.
Kamar kowane orchids, Ascocene yana buƙatar zafi mai zafi. A cikin rana, yakamata ya kai daga 70 zuwa 80%, da dare - kusan 60%. Don kula da wannan matakin zafi, ana amfani da huhun gida, kwantena tare da ruwa, ana amfani da trays tare da yumbu da aka faɗaɗa ko ɗigon pebbles. Ana bada shawarar spraying na tsire-tsire akai-akai. A wannan yanayin, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ruwan ba ya kwanciya a cikin ƙwayoyin ganyayyaki, kamar yadda rot zai iya fara haɓaka. Ba za ku iya fesa a cikin rana ba, lokacin da hasken rana ya shiga shuka. Wannan na iya tayar da ganyaye, a wuraren da ruwan sama ke samu.
Dasawa da takin zamani domin Ascocenda
Mafi sau da yawa, ascocendes suna girma cikin tukwane na musamman, kwanduna, flasks na gilashi ko gaba ɗaya tare da tushen kyauta. Abinda ke canzawa yawanci ya ƙunshi haushi, a yanka a cikin manyan guda, murɗa manyan ƙananan gutsutsi da moss sphagnum.
Za'a iya amfani da takin zamani kawai don orchids. Ana yin miya babba a lokacin ban ruwa, kusan sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu. Idan kwanan nan aka dasa shuki, ya raunana ko tare da tushen lalacewa, to, ba a zartar da kayan miya ba.
Gudun ruwa mai motsawa
Don hawan zuwa sama zuwa fure, ya wajaba don samar da bambanci tsakanin yanayin zafin rana da dare na kimanin digiri 2-3. Idan har ma a irin waɗannan yanayin shuka ya ƙi yin fure, bambanci yana ƙaruwa zuwa digiri 5-7.
Kuna iya rage saurin hasken rana da awa 2 ko rage ruwa zuwa sau 2. Koyaya, a lokaci guda, kuna buƙatar saka idanu da yanayin shuka don kada ku cutar, saboda duk waɗannan hanyoyin damuwa ne ga shuka.
Yaduwa da Ascocene Orchid
Ascocene za a iya yada shi ta hanyar yin farashi, wanda ke samar da tsire-tsire. Kuna iya raba 'ya'yan kawai idan tana da isasshen tushen tushen rayuwa mai zaman kanta. Abin takaici, mai girman kai yana da wuya saɓani ya cika.
Sakamakon saurin Ascocene, yana yiwuwa yaduwa ta hanyar yanke sashin da ke saman, wanda ke da asalinsu. Lokaci yakan zama da sauri kuma a sauƙaƙe ya haifar da yara, amma a lokaci guda ƙarshen tushen tushe yana ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa. Akwai wasu shawarwari don wannan hanyar kiwo:
- Ana ɗaukar katako ne kawai daga tsirrai masu lafiya masu ƙarfi waɗanda furanni ba su yin rauni.
- Ya kamata a yanke gefuna kawai tare da na'urorin da aka lalata.
- Wurin da aka ƙone yana ƙone da wuta mai wuta ko dai sama da mai ƙonawa kuma an yayyafa shi da sinadarin fungicide.
- Dankunan suna bushe kwanaki da yawa kafin dasa shuki.
- Ana buƙatar abin da keɓaɓɓen mai tsabta kamar yadda zai yiwu tare da ɗaukar ƙwayar motsi na steamed sphagnum gansakuka.
- Itatuwa dasa ana shayar da kadan, dan kadan moistening da substrate. Danshi yakamata ya zama akalla 80%.
- Za'a iya yin ƙaramin ƙananan yankuna a cikin sphagnum mai rai, wanda zai tabbatar da rashin ƙarfi, a cikin gidaje na musamman na cikin gida.
Babban abin dogaro don zaɓin shine ƙirƙirar yara akan shinge. Amma, ba tare da magani tare da shirye-shiryen sunadarai na musamman na toho na fure ba, samuwar jariri daga gare ta na faruwa da wuya. Don kunna tsarin, cire flake daga ƙodan da ke rufe shi, kuma amfani da cakuda milligram 50 na trans-cinnamic acid, milligrams 5 na benzoaminopurine da aka tsinke a cikin lanolin.
Ascocende, tare da dacewa da cikakkiyar kulawa mara ma'ana, zai iya farantawa tare da fure mai haske da yalwataccen lokaci mai tsawo.
Cutar da kwari
Daga cikin cututtukan, yawan hauhawar cututtukan sau da yawa suna yawan lalacewa, saboda ban ruwa mara kyau da tsayayyen ruwa. Daga cikin kwari, kwari da gizo-gizo kwari mafi yawan "ƙauna" masu hauhawar.
