Spring blackcurrant kula

Lokaci ya yi don aikin bazara a cikin lambu, bishiyar itace, a cikin lambu. A yau bari muyi magana game da baƙar fata. Wane irin kulawa ake buƙata don wannan bishiyar bazara? Dole ne a faɗi cewa sarrafa bazara na tsire-tsire na Berry yana da mahimmanci fiye da kaka. Za'a iya canza tsarin aikin idan har yanzu akwai dusar ƙanƙara kuma ba za a iya kammala wasu aikin ba. Misali, don tsabtace lokacin bazara na rashin ruwa daga datti da aka tara yayin lokacin kaka da damuna. Kar a aiwatar da yin huda idan an yi shi a lokacin faduwar. Amma bari muyi kokarin yin la’akari da dukkan aikin da tsari.

Kulawar bazara don baƙar fata ta ƙunshi wannan aikin gaggawa kamar:

• tsaftacewa blackcurrant bushes
• bushes pruning
• pruning bushes
• lura da kwari da cututtuka
• blackcurrant saman miya
• ban ruwa
• ƙasa loosening da mulching

Ana Share blackcurrant bushes

Babban tsabtatawa na blackcurrant bushes daga tsofaffin rassan, ganye ganye, ciyawa ne da za'ayi a cikin kaka. Koyaya, datti ya tara a lokacin kaka-hunturu kuma dole ne a cire shi. A hankali zamu kama baki na currant daga daji kuma, tsakanin rassa a daji, tsohuwar ciyawar ta wuce da tabbacin za ta kone. A ciki, ba tare da wata shakka ba, wasu daga cikin kwari da ke yin hunturu, suna makara.

Tsabtace mai tsabtace mai tsabta

A hankali duba daji na black currant. Mun yanke duk fashe, girma cikin ciki, marassa lafiya da busassun rassan.

Mun bincika ƙananan rassan kuma mun yanke kwance a ƙasa. Dusar ƙanƙara ta cinye su. Mun yanke a ƙarshe ko wanda ke raye rayayyen koda, suna kallo. Mun tattara rassan.

Muna bincika tsoffin rassan blackcurrant, waɗanda ingancinsu ya ƙare. Waɗannan rassan shekaru 6-7 ne. An rufe su da tsohon m haushi, kusan ba su da matasa a kaikaice harbe da kuma buds. Irin waɗannan rassan ba za su samar da amfanin gona ba, amma za a kwashe wasu abubuwan gina jiki daga saurayi. Mun yanke su kusa da ƙasa kuma mun aika su zuwa tarin tsibi.

Mu juya zuwa ga rai m harbe na blackcurrant. Muna bincika kowane daga tushe har zuwa ƙarshen reshe. Idan akwai sassan mai sanyi, yanke wa koda mai koda.

Idan dajin blackcurrant ya gaza, tozartar da take 'yar itace na bakin ciki ne, yanke su duka da 8-10 cm Wannan dabarar zata kare sojojin daji don samuwar amfanin gona.

Har yanzu, duba fure harbe. A wasu rassan, tohon sun kumbura, zagaye. A can mite zauna a can don hunturu. Idan wannan duka reshen ya shafa, mun yanke shi ba tare da nadama ba. In ba haka ba, ana iya barin mu ba tare da amfanin gona ba. Dole ne a ƙone rassan bishiyar blackcurrant.

Idan akwai kumbura 1-2 na fure a kan fure na blackcurrant, sai mu tumatsa su kuma saka su cikin jaka ko aljihu. Sa’annan mun ƙone su, kamar duk yanke rassan.

Blackcurrant al'ada pruning

Bayan dukkan shirye-shiryen girki, sukan fara yin shuki na shekara na blackcurrant bushes domin loda daji.

Ana aiwatar da nauyin blackcurrant daji a layi daya tare da tsabtace tsabta. A kananan shekaru 2-3 masu shekaru, 3-4 matasa masu kyakkyawan furanni an bar su, an yanka sauran a cikin zobe kusa da ƙasa. An yanke mai tushe don haka ya zama da'irar impromptu ko quadrangle da kusan nisan nisa daga juna. Babu buƙatar barin ci gaban matasa a cikin wannan da'irar / murabba'in. Yankin da ya fi fa'ida gindi, mafi tsananin haske game da dajin da kuma karin an saita berries.

A kowace shekara, daji na baƙar fata currant yana sake cika tare da harbe-fure na shekara-shekara 3-4. Lokacin da ya cika shekaru biyar, dajin zai sami tsayayyun 'ya' ya 'ya iri na 8-12. Zai yiwu a sami ƙarin idan tushe na daji yana da babban diamita. Nisa tsakanin harbe baƙar fata currant shine 8-12-15 cm. harbe-firam na biyu-da gaske ba sa taɓawa. Ana iya gajarta su idan haɓakar shekarar da ta gabata ta yi daidai ko ta wuce 40-45 cm.

Tuna! Nisa daga tushe daga cikin daji na blackcurrant ya dogara da ingantaccen shuka. An dasa seedling a gaba ɗaya, ba a tsaye ba. Tare da karkata zuwa saukowa, daji yana haɓaka ƙarin Tushen kuma ya samar da adadin harbe daga barcin bacci.

Mafi yawan lokutan aiki na samar da amfanin gona na blackcurrant shine shekaru 5-7, sannan kuma yawan tsufa da tsoffin rassa ke raguwa. Wadannan rassa tare da nauyin Maris na daji, wanda aka yanke a farkon. Tsofaffin shekarun 8-9 na shekaru ana tumɓuke su kuma an maye gurbinsu da samari, a hankali suna motsa Berry zuwa sabon wuri. Kuna iya maye gurbin fitsarin baƙar fata tare da farfadowa, wanda yafi dacewa a lokacin bazara kafin kodan ya zube (Maris). Lokacin da za a sake sabuntawa, ana yanke duk harbe cikin zoben kuma sun kafa daji daga sababbin matasa.

Jiyya da kwari da cututtuka

Nan da nan bayan pruning, za mu ci gaba zuwa sarrafa blackcurrant bushes daga kwari da cututtuka.

Gardenerswararrun lambu suna ciyar da nau'ikan jiyya da yawa akan bushes na bacci:

• kulawa da wuta;
• tafasasshen ruwa;
• aiki tare da maganin sinadarai masu guba;
• ilimin halittar jiki.

Blackcurrant aiki da wuta

Da yawa daga ƙwararrun lambu sun fara yin amfani da farkon maganin baƙi (a farkon Maris yayin da bushes ke bacci) don magance ticks da aphids ta hanyar hura wuta ko mai ƙona gas.

Bayan pruning, daji na baki currant ne sparse. Muna jagoranci wutar mai ƙonewa zuwa ga rassan daji a nesa na cm cm kuma muna jagorantar rassan daga sama zuwa ƙasa sau 2-3. Kamar saukar da wuta. Kada ku kawo wuta kusa kuma kada ku sa kusa da rassan, ba sa buƙatar a soya. A ƙone kawai. A wannan yanayin, qwai aphid da kuma babban adadin ticks wintering a buds inflated daga lambar mutu.

Tuna! Baƙi kawai, ja, fari, da kuma strawberries / strawberries za'a iya sarrafa su da wuta. Sauran nau'ikan berries (raspberries, gooseberries da sauransu) ba a yarda ba.

Idan har yanzu akwai dusar ƙanƙara, zaku iya tono ta daga tushen baƙar fata, kuma bayan fewan kwanaki sai ku komar da shi wurin sa.

Tsoron jin wuta, je zuwa ɗayan nau'ikan da ke gaba, a cikin ra'ayi mara ƙarancin haɗari.

Tafasasshen ruwan baƙi

Kamar sarrafa wuta, ana yin sa a farkon bazara, yayin da blackcurrant daji yana hutawa.

Kimanin bokiti na 1-1.2 na ruwan zafi ana cinye shi a babban daji na blackcurrant. Ruwa yana cike da ruwan zãfi tare da mai toshewa, kuma daga tsayin 15-20 cm sama da daji, muna wanke shi da ruwan zãfi. Yayinda ruwa ya isa daji, zazzabi zai sauka zuwa + 60 ... + 70 ° C kuma bazai lalata shuka ba. Yin wanka yana rage yawan kwari, cututtuka na fungal, amma ba ya lalata su gaba ɗaya. Sabili da haka, a cikin lokaci na kumburi koda, za mu sake komawa zuwa yin amfani da tsirrai daga kwari da cututtuka.

Blackcurrant aiki tare da magungunan kashe qwari

A ƙarshen Maris da farkon rabin Afrilu, ana kula da bushes na blackcurrant tare da maganin 1-2% na sulfate jan karfe ko kashi 3% na ruwa na Bordeaux. Kuna iya amfani da maganin maganin farin ƙarfe na oxychloride, kamar yadda aka bada shawara. Yin sarrafawa tare da waɗannan kwayoyi kaɗan yana lalata ticks, aphids, da cututtukan fungal.

A farkon samuwar black budsrant buds, masana sun ba da shawarar kula da bushes tare da tarwatsewar sulfur ko kuma dakatar da sulfur colloidal. A wannan lokacin, fesawa tare da Sulfaride, Kinmix da wasu waɗanda aka yarda don amfani har yanzu yana yiwuwa. Wataƙila amfani da kwayoyi "Actara", "Inta-Vir" da sauransu.

Amma a cikin wani lambu mai zaman kansa, amfani da sinadarai ba a so, kuma a cikin iyalai tare da ƙananan yara an haramta. Ana iya samun samfuran halitta ta amfani da samfuran halitta, infusions da kayan ado na tsire-tsire masu kashe kwari.

Tsatsa namomin kaza a kan ganye na currant.

Blackcurrant jiyya tare da kayayyakin nazarin halittu

Abubuwan halittu masu ilimin halitta wanda za'a iya amfani dasu don magance currants a duk lokacin dumi har zuwa girbin zai taimaka kawar da currants daga ticks, aphids, mumps, fungal cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka da sauran kwari da cututtuka.

Matsakaicin tasirin samfuran halitta yana bayyana cikin yanayin zafi daga + 15 ... + 18 ° C.

Da fatan za a lura! Wajibi ne a yi kiwo da kuma amfani da samfuran halittu daidai da shawarwarin, to fa'idodin su zai zama mafi yawa.

Kayayyakin halittu ba su da wata illa ga mutane, dabbobi da tsuntsaye. Fara fara aiki a cikin 'yan awanni. Ayyukansu suna ɗaukar akalla makonni 2-3. Sake yin magani kafin karshen magunguna ana yin su ne bayan ruwan sama.

Don kare tsire-tsire daga kwari, ana amfani da Nemakabakt, Lepidotsid, Bitoksibacillin, Fitoverm da sauransu.

Don kare daga cututtuka - "Pentofag", "Trichodermin", "Fitosporin-B", "Alirin-B", "Gamair" da sauransu.

Kayayyakin ilimin halittu suna haɗu da kyau a cikin gaurayawan tanki, wanda ya rage adadin jiyya da kuma nauyin a kan bushes yayin jiyya.

Decoctions da infusions na kwari kwari

A halin yanzu, akwai nasihu da shawarwari daga masu lambu da masu lambu akan amfanin tsire-tsire masu kwari don kare amfanin gona daga kwari:

• jiko na tafarnuwa;
• jiko na celandine, marigold (tagetes), dandelion, yarrow;
• sabo dankalin turawa;
• adon taba, yarrow, da sauransu.

Tare da tsire-tsire masu cutarwa, shawarwari sun yawaita tare da amfani da tsire-tsire mai guba sosai, wanda ba kawai zai lalata ɓangaren kwari ba, har ma ya zama guba lokacin da ake amfani da berries marasa amfani a cikin abinci. Yi hankali!

Currant daji tare da ganye.

Buga mai baƙar fata

Dokokin yin takin lokacin amfani da kowane irin takin:

• diamita na takin ya yi daidai da ko ɗan ƙaramin girman daɗin dajin;
• ana amfani da takin ƙasa a kowane bangare, watsuwa a farfajiyar ƙasa don ban ruwa ko ƙarami a cikin ƙasa ta 5-8 cm;
• a farkon lokacin bazara, zaku iya ciyar da blackcurrant bushes tare da Organic ko cikakken taki ta hanyar gabatarwar mai zurfi. Ya danganta da shekaru da girman daji, a nesa na 50-60 cm, rami mai zurfi 30 cm kuma 7-10 cm fadi aka kewaye da kewaye. Maganin takin gargajiya ko na ma'adinai ana zuba shi a ciki kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa bayan sha;
• taki bayani ana iya amfani da saman daskararre ƙasa kai tsaye a karkashin daji na baki currant. A wannan yanayin, bayan rigar saman, ana shayar da ƙasa da ruwa mai tsabta da mulched.

Lokaci na blackcurrant saman miya

A cikin bazara, ana ciyar da abinci 2:

• a cikin lokacin farkon fure. Arewa na ƙarshe lokacin da aka ƙirƙira 1-2 cm na harbe na shekara ta yanzu;
• farkon taro na berries.

Na farko spring saman miya na baki currant

Ana ciyar da baƙar fata a lokacin da yake ɗan shekara uku (na farko fruiting).

Idan ba a amfani da takin mai magani a cikin lokacin bazara ba, to ana yin suturar farko ta farkon bazara:

• Maganin takin gargajiya (taki, kwararar tsuntsu);
• cikakken ma'adinin ma'adinai;
• cakuda takin gargajiya da ma'adinai.

Don ciyar da blackcurrant tare da taki, yi amfani da bayani a cikin taro na 1 mullein a cikin sassan 10 na ruwa kuma ƙara 20-25 g na urea ko nitonium nitrate.

Idan ana amfani da digawar tsuntsu maimakon taki, to 1 ana rarraba 1 ɓangaren abubuwan droppings a cikin ruwa na 12-15 na ruwa tare da ƙari na urea.

Idan babu kwayoyin halitta, ana iya ƙara nitroammophoska a cikin adadin 30-40 g / daji, tare da biye da mulching.

Idan blackcurrant bushes su ne manyan tare da babban matakin fruiting, to, a cikin bazara ne mafi alh addri a ƙara Organo-ma'adinin cakuda taki ko tsuntsu droppings da phosphorus-potassium taki. Ana hada 1 kashi na taki a cikin lita 10 na ruwa, 20-25 g na superphosphate da 10-15 g na potassium sulfate an kara. A cakuda an zuga sosai kuma gabatar a cikin furrows located tare gefen gefen currant daji. Bayan yin amfani da rufe takin mai magani, zaku iya shayar da bushes tare da matsakaicin adadin ruwa (kar ku wanke takin mai magani).

Idan a cikin kaka an sanya ƙasa a ƙarƙashin blackcurrant tare da takin mai magani na phosphorus-potassium, to a cikin bazara kawai takin mai magani na nitrogen a cikin nau'in urea ko nitonium nitrate a kashi 50-60 g / sq ana amfani dashi ga riguna na farko. m square. Motocin da suka girmi shekaru 4 suna karɓar ½ adadin da aka ƙididdige.

Gabatarwar takin mai ma'adinai a karkashin busheshin currant.

Na biyu spring ciyar blackcurrant

Ciyarwar bazara ta biyu ta blackcurrant akan tsawon lokaci tana faruwa bayan kwanaki 14 ko a cikin lokacin taro na berries. Currant a cikin wannan lokacin, ban da takin gargajiya, suna buƙatar abubuwan abubuwa masu ganowa. Su shuka iya samu a cikin hanyar saman miya:

• itace ash a cikin kofuna waɗanda 0.5-1.0 a ƙarƙashin wani daji tare da m hadewar loosening da ban ruwa tare da mulching;
• zaka iya yin kilogiram 1 kg na humus a karkashin kowane daji da aka hade da potassium sulfate. Yin aiwatarwa bayan ciyarwa, kamar yadda yake tare da ash;
• don hadi, zaka iya amfani da takin ma'adinai wanda ke dauke da abubuwan ganowa - "Kemiru", "Berry" da sauransu. Ana iya amfani dasu ga ƙasa a ƙarƙashin wani daji ko kayan miya na sama sama ta hanyar fesawa tare da bayani. A cikin ƙasa sa 50-60 g / sq. m square. Tare da kayan miya na foliar, 10 g na takin yana narkar da a cikin lita 8 na ruwa kuma an yayyafa shi;
• Za'a iya aiwatar da kayan miya na foliar bayan farkon tushen miya bayan kwanaki 7-8 ta amfani da boric acid, jiko na ash, Kemira da sauran abubuwan ganowa, waɗanda aka sayar a cikin shagunan musamman;

Na biyu foliar ciyar da blackcurrant ne da za'ayi a farkon lokacin rani tare da girma da berries. Yawan da hanyar ciyar iri daya ne.

Watering blackcurrant

A farkon bazara, currants, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba a shayar dabam. Ana amfani da ruwa lokacin da takin.

A karo na farko ana gudanar da ruwa mai zaman kanta na blackcurrant a yayin tsawon lokacin bushewar lokaci a cikin lokacin taro mai dumbin yawa. Tare da isasshen wadataccen lokacin danshi na hunturu, ana aiwatar da farkon ruwan blackcurrant a cikin lokaci na samar da kwai (kimanin ƙarshen Mayu).

Na biyu ruwa na blackcurrant ya rigaya rani. Ana aiwatar dashi a cikin lokaci na girma (cika) na berries.

Currants son sprinkling ban ruwa. An fi aikata su sosai kafin ko bayan fure. A lokacin fure ko in babu na ban ruwa na'urorin, tiyo za a iya za'ayi ban ruwa:

• a kan furrows a cikin rami;
• a gandun daji, inda ake yin abin hawa don riƙe ruwa;
• a cikin tsanya da aka yi kewaye da kewaye da daji da sauran hanyoyi.

Yana da mahimmanci cewa ƙasa lokacin da ake ba da ruwa don magance ruwa a cikin yanki na 40-60 cm.

Kasar gona namo da mulching

Don kiyaye danshi ya fi tsayi bayan shan ruwa, ƙasa a ƙarƙashin wani daji baƙar fata currant yana kwance kuma yana mulched. Kamar yadda ciyawa za a iya amfani da su a karkashin bushes:

• dafaffen takin.
• humus;
• tsaka tsaki peat;
• rotted sawdust ko shavings, mowed ciyawa ko mowed kore taki.

Gabatarwa da taki na doki a karkashin busheshen currant, bishiyar mulching.

Amfani da ciyawa ba wai kawai zai riƙe danshi ba, amma kuma zai kasance ƙarin takin gargajiya ne, zai kuma inganta kayan ƙasa na ƙasa.

Dole ne a kiyaye berry a tsabta. Yanke lokaci mai lalatar da ciyawa da kuma kwance ƙasa, wanda zai ƙara samun iska zuwa tushen tsirrai, haɓaka microclimate a cikin tushen tushe. Yin aikin bazara zai yi aiki a matsayin ajiyar kaya don samar da babban yawan ƙwayar fata tare da kyawawan berries.

Ya ku masu karatu! Ka'idoji da haɗuwa da takin gargajiya don tushen blackcurrant da riguna na foliar da aka bayar a cikin labarin, sunadarai da samfuran halitta don lura da kwari da cututtuka ba cuta ba ce. Ba tare da wata shakka ba, yawancin lambu da lambu suna amfani da hanyoyin gwada-da aka gwada don sarrafa tsire-tsire na Berry. Raba abubuwan da ka samu tare da mu a cikin sharhin.