Kankana, ko kuma kamar yadda ake kiranta da shi Monbrecia a baya, asalin halittar dabbobi ne mallakar dangin Iris. Wakilan kwayoyin halitta sune perennials bulbous. Tsayin su ya dogara da nau'in kuma jeri daga 50 cm zuwa 1 m.
Branchesan buɗe, isan itacen yana da madauri ko madaidaiciya, harbin yana da yawa saboda abin da wannan shuka yayi kama da naɗi. Furannin furanni sune mafi yawanci orange, fari ko rawaya, kuma zasu iya zama ja ko inuwa mai kama da haka dangane da iri-iri. Wannan al'ada dangi ne na crocuses da iris, har da gladiolus.
Iri da iri
Cikakken zinare Ra'ayin ya fito ne daga Kudancin Afirka. Itace shuka mai tsinkaye da furanni. Fulawa ya fara a watan Agusta-Satumba. Baya ga furanni masu launin rawaya na iya zama ruwan lemo da ja.
Ciwon ciki Masonum bushan daji kaɗan da ke girma daga rabin mita zuwa cm 90. Tana da faffarwa da furanni masu launin shuɗi. Flow ya fara a Yuli. Yin haƙuri da sanyi mafi kyau fiye da dangi.
Ciwon zuciya babban gani, bushesin wanda ya kai rabin tsayin mita. Fushin yana da wuya, kamar dai correyated, furanni orange. Fulawa yana farawa a farkon lokacin bazara kuma yana da wuri sosai tsakanin wakilan wannan asalin.
Ciwon mara ko lambun ra'ayin matasan da aka samo a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19. Yana girma zuwa mitir, yana da madaidaiciya, harbe harben da ciyayi mai layi.
Launi na furanni ya dogara da iri-iri, kuma akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, misali:
- Emily Mackenzie - iri daban-daban tare da ruwan lemuka na inuwa mai launin ruwan kasa,
- Lucifer - an zana furannin ja,
- Georg Davidson - launi na amber
- Sarki sarki - inflorescences ja-orange,
- Makaryaci - launi iyaka tsakanin rawaya da ruwan lemo,
- Babban - launi launin rawaya ko ruwan lemo, da sauran su. Fulawa yana faruwa bayan tsakiyar wuta.
Haɓakar ƙwayar ƙwaro cikin ƙasa
A cikin latitude ɗinmu, ana shuka shuka iri iri don samo seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlings, tunda idan kuka shuka su a gonar, to bazasu yuwu ba. Yi shi a ƙarshen hunturu ko farkon bazara. Kafin shuka, ana saka tsaba cikin ruwa don kwana ɗaya, tare da maye gurbinsa kowane sa'o'i 5-7, kuma bayan wannan an shuka kayan a cikin cakuda sod ƙasar, yashi da humus a cikin rabo na 2: 1: 1. Wajibi ne don ƙirƙirar yanayin greenhouse ta hanyar rufe inoculum tare da fim da sanya shi a cikin wurin da aka kunna.
Tare da zuwan sprouts, an cire fim ɗin, ana shayar da amfanin gona daga lokaci zuwa lokaci kuma ana kiyaye shi ƙarƙashin haske mai haske. Lokacin da havea havean ke da leavesan ganyayyaki na gaske, an mai da su cikin tukwane daban.
Tigridia, a cewar wasu rahotanni, shi ma wakilin dangin Iris ne. Tana da furanni na ado da kyawawan furanni. Ana iya yin saurin sauƙin lokacin shuka da kulawa a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa, amma yana buƙatar kulawa ta dace. Kuna iya samun shawarwari don haɓaka da kulawa a cikin wannan labarin.
Tsabtace ciyawar waje da kuma kulawa
Wajibi ne shuka abu a cikin ƙasa buɗe idan barazanar dare ta ƙare, kuma zafin jiki na ƙasa ya kai 9 ° C. Game da 'yan makwanni biyu kafin wannan, kuna buƙatar fara hargitsi da ƙwayar, cire su kullun don ɗan lokaci zuwa titi.
Kuna buƙatar zaɓar yanki mai haske, in ba haka ba fure zai yi rauni ko ba zai zo ba. Yankin saitin wurin ya kamata a ɗaukaka, ba a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi ba, kuma ana buƙatar substrate sako-sako da permeable.
Bayan 'yan watanni kafin dasa shuki, tono wurin da aka zaɓa kuma ƙara buladi 2 na humus, 100 grams na lemun tsami, 35 grams na superphosphate da 20 grams na potassium chloride ta 1 sq M. M m. A cikin bazara, mako guda kafin shuka, ana amfani da takin nitrogen ta amfani da kimanin gram 30 a kowace murabba'in 2. m
Nisa tsakanin seedlings akan gado yakamata yakai 10 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka kusan cm 20 Bayan dasawa, kuna buƙatar gudanar da kyakkyawan shayarwa da kuma kare plantsan tsirrai daga rana zuwa couplean kwanaki biyu. Flow na tsire-tsire da aka samo daga tsaba yana fara shekaru biyu zuwa uku bayan shuka.
Watsa Cutar Kwaro
Kula da wannan amfanin gona bashi da wahala musamman. Watering ne da za'ayi sau ɗaya don 7 kwana. Bayan ruwan sama ko ruwa, kuna buƙatar kwance ƙasa kuma ku rabu da ciyawar ciyawa.
Taki don Cuta
Idan ƙasa tana da abinci mai gina jiki, to, babu izinin saka miya ko hana abin ci, amma dole ne a hado fure a koda yaushe a cikin ƙasa mara kyau.
Kowane sati daya da rabi ya zama dole a kawo jiko na mullein (wanda aka narkar da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1 zuwa 10) kuma cikakke kayan ma'adinai na sama (2 gram 2 an tsage shi a cikin ruwa na ruwa). Lokacin da fure suka fara nunawa, zai yi kyau don ƙara potash.
Adana lokacin hunturu
Kodayake bayan fure za ku iya tattara zuriyar, amma yana da kyau ku sayi shi a cikin kasuwa ta musamman - don haka damar yin huhu zai zama mafi girma kuma ban da, kyankyasai yafi sauƙaƙa don yaduwa da kwararan fitila.
A tsakiyar kaka, lokaci yayi da za a tono kwararan fitila. Tubers ya kamata a bushe a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi tare da sabo iska. Bayan haka, ana adana kayan cikin duhu duhu a zazzabi na kimanin 4 ° C, zafi ma kada yayi girman kai.
Kwan fitila yadudduka yaduwa
Baya ga hanyar samarwa, ana iya yaduwar wannan fure tare da kwararan fitila. Kowace shekara, matasa kwararan fitila bayyana a kan tsohon corms, wanda aka rabu da hankali daga iyaye a cikin fall, da kuma na gaba bazara suna dasa zuwa flowerbed.
Dasa tubers ana aiwatar da su a cikin lokaci guda kamar seedlings. Hakanan kuna iya shuka tubers a cikin kwantena, kuma ku dasa su a gonar kafin lokacin rani.
Cutar da kwari
Cutar ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta yawanci cuta ce ta kwari da cututtuka idan akwai abubuwan keta cikin kulawa ko kuma idan yanayin yanayi ya taimaka da hakan.
Ciwon Fusarium yana farawa yellowing da bushewa ganye, fure mai tushe da furanni sun zama karkatacciya, launinsu shima ya canza. Idan an gano waɗannan alamomin, da yawa jiyya tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal, alal misali, Bordeaux ruwa, ya kamata a yi.
Bayyanar kan kwararan fitila na plaffy plaque shaidar lalata. Zai fi kyau hana hana lalacewa, ƙoƙarin taɓa yin ɓarna a cikin yankin.
Daga cikin kwari ne na kowa gizo-gizo mitecin ruwan planta plantan shuka, saboda wane ne ganye fara bushe, Hakanan za'a iya gano wannan kwaro ta cobwebs na bakin ciki. Don kawar da kai, zaku iya wanke mai tushe da ganye tare da ruwa mai soapy, amma idan akwai kwari da yawa, to sai ku nemi maganin acaricides.
Thrips kwaro mai hadarin gaske. Zai iya shafar duka tushen tsarin da ganyayyaki. Wadannan kwari za a iya samun ta yellowing na sassan da abin ya shafa da kuma makada a wuraren da kwaro ya hau. Zai yi wuya a iya kawar da thrips, yaƙi da su yana buƙatar maimaita magani tare da maganin kwari - Actellik, Karbofos ko makamantan su.
Da Bears kwararan fitila suna ci saboda abin da mutuwar fure ke faruwa. Don magance su a cikin bazara, suna yin tarko a cikin ƙasa, rufe su da ƙasa, daga baya kuma buɗe ƙasa da lalata kwari.
