Yawancin Gesneriaceae suna girma kamar fure-fure na fure. Wadannan nau'ikan sun hada da koleria, kulawa a gida wanda ba zai haifar da matsala sosai ba, amma wata alama mai kore tare da furanni kararrawa mai haske zasu bayyana a cikin tarin.
A cikin yanayi, wata shuka mallakar dangin Gesneriaceae suna zaune a yankuna masu zafi a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Wannan itace herbaceous perennial tare da na bakin ciki, kusan unbranched harbe, pubescent foliage da karammiski tubular karrarawa, wanda zai iya faranta wa grower kusan duk shekara zagaye.
Alamar koleriy a cikin hoto da kuma kwatancin
Ganyen wani nau'in ovate da aka nuna sun zauna a kan harbe gaban kuma, ya danganta da nau'in iri da iri, na iya zama ba kawai kore ba, har ma da shunayya, launin toka ko kusan launin shuɗi. Furanni a cikin launuka, kamar yadda a cikin hoto, yawancinsu ja da ruwan lemo ne. Amma akwai nau'ikan launuka masu launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda. Variegated, speckled corollas ba sabon abu bane. Furanni masu nunin furanni masu zurfin har zuwa 4 cm an kafa su a saman ƙashi kuma ana kan su akan dogayen falo.
Idan an kafa ingantaccen kulawa ta yau da kullun don shuka, Cocinia a gida yana amsa tare da fure-fure, lokacin da aka buɗe furanni 15-20 akan daji ɗaya lokaci guda.
Ba kamar dangi mafi kusa na gloxinia ba, wanda ke samar da tubers, wani nau'in sikirin da ke cike da murfin rhizome a ƙarƙashin murfin ƙasa a cikin kolejin.
Nau'in launuka: hotunan amfanin gona na gida
A cikin yanayi, akwai nau'ikan dozin da yawa na kayan haɗin gwiwa, amma ƙaramin sashi yana haɓaka azaman al'adun tukunya. Wadannan tsire-tsire suna da bambance-bambance:
- a cikin girman kambi;
- a cikin launi na ganye da fure;
- a wurin haɓakawa a cikin yanayin halitta.
Kohleria mai kyau ko amhilis na Kohaleria na tsaye tare da kore mai duhu ko launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da tari mai kauri na silvery. Mai tushe, yanka da veins suna da launuka masu ruwan shuɗi. A kan shinge, daya, biyu ko ƙasa da sau uku ana buɗe furanni. Launin Corollas na iya bambanta daga ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda ko lemo mai ruwan kwalliya. Corollas mai launi biyu mai tsinke mai tsinkaye, da tufatarwa ba baƙon abu bane a irin nau'in launin ruwan da aka nuna a hoton.
Kohleria fluentifolia ko Kohleria eriantha galibi ana samun su a gida. Tsire-tsire suna iya gane shi ta hanyar kore-zaitun, ganyayyaki masu walƙiya waɗanda ke bayyana launin ruwan kasa saboda gashin gashi a gefuna. Furanni na wannan nau'in launi, kamar yadda a cikin hoto, suna da yawancin launin launi mai haske-ja. A cikin maƙogwaron kararrawa, an sauya hue da launin rawaya. Ja ko burgundy aibobi suna warwatse akan filayen. A kan shinge an bayyana furanni da yawa lokaci guda.
Kohleria bogotensis ko, a cikin madadin ra'ayi na botanists, Kohleria amabilis var. Ana iya gano Bogotensis ta ganyayyaki masu launin kore da furanni masu launin shuɗi-tare da furucin burgundy a saman farfajiyar ciki na ganyen.
Baya ga ire-iren har da ganye mai haske, akwai misalai na wannan nau'in launi, kamar yadda a cikin hoto, suna ɗaukar haskaka furen furanni tare da duhu, furen-launin ruwan kasa-kore da guda harbe.
Koleria Varshevich ko Kohleria warszewiczii wani nau'in shuka ne wanda ya cancanci hankalin masu son tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Wannan launuka iri-iri:
- maimakon m madaidaiciya mai tushe na duhu koren launi;
- a fili elliptic ganye;
- baƙon furanni waɗanda ba a iya amfani da furen furannin Lilac ko ruwan hoda da shuɗi masu launin shuɗi-kore mai launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi.
Sau da yawa ana amfani da wani suna don jinsin da aka nuna a cikin hoto - digitalis colouria ko Kohleria digitaliflora.
Kulawar Gida
Koleria yana daya daga cikin tsirrai marasa misaltawa cikin dangi. Yana girma kuma yana fure a zazzabi a daki ba tare da matsala ba. Al'adar tana ƙaunar haske, amma a cikin rana mai zafi tana iya bushewa, rasa kayan ado da sauke furanni a gaba, saboda haka ya fi kyau a samar da inuwa don awancin rana a gaban windows na kudu. Tare da kasawa hasken rana, harbe-shimfiɗa ta shimfiɗa, zama bakin ciki da rauni. Ganyayyaki su ne karami, fure ba ta da daɗi.
A cikin lokacin sanyi, tsire-tsire da yawa suna sauke ganye, cikakkiyar fure, kuma ƙarshe duka ɓangaren sama yana mutu. A wannan yanayin, yana da kyau a rage yawan zafin jiki ta hanyar 5-7 ° C da rage yawan shayarwa, kawai lokaci-lokaci yana sanyaya ƙasa. A cikin bazara, lokacin da tushen ya nuna alamun farkawa, tukwane sun fallasa tukuna kuma suna sake kula da tsohon canza launin.
Idan don colium hunturu, kamar yadda a cikin hoto, ya riƙe foliage, har yanzu yana buƙatar haske, na yau da kullun, amma ba kamar yalwatacce kamar ciyarwa a lokacin rani kuma zafin jiki ya kai 16-18 ° C.
Baya ga shayarwa da kuma kula da yawan zafin jiki mafi kyau, kula da launi a gida ya hada da matakan daskarewa iska, wanda yake da amfani musamman a kwanakin zafi da lokacin da dumama ke aiki.
A cikin bazara, an dasa kayan haɗin zuwa ƙasa mai narkewa. Don yin wannan, ɗaukar cakuda gamawa na senpolia ko kayan duniya gaba ɗaya don amfanin gona na fure. Tunda rhizomes na shuka ba su da tushe a ƙasa, yana da kyau zaɓi zaɓi da yawa, ba kwantena mai zurfi ba, a ƙasa wanda magudanar ruwa ta zama tilas.
Ana amfani da juyawa don ninka yawan mallaka ta sassan rhizome. Fraaramin gutsuttsura tare da rashen barci da yawa sun rabu da shuka mahaifiyar, a bushe kuma a tono a cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin cm 2 Bayan haka, kawai kuna buƙatar danshi ƙasa. Kuma lokacin da tsiron ya bayyana a saman farfajiyarsa, suna fara kulawa da tsari na launuka, gami da saka riguna na kowane wata, suna ci gaba har faɗuwar.
Mataki na wajibi na kulawa da launi a gida shine samuwar kambi. Ya ƙunshi pinching da girma da kuma masauki harbe. Cire kwarin biri yana ƙarfafa:
- farkawa da kodar axillary;
- saka alama
- da samuwar sabon buds a gefe harbe.
Abubuwan da aka samo a lokacin pinching za a iya kafe a cikin ruwa ko a cikin keɓaɓɓen, ta haka ne ba kawai ƙaramin tsire-tsire ne kawai ba, har ma da sababbin launuka na samari da ƙaunataccen.
Lokacin da biyu daga cikin manya ganye bayyana a kan karamin daji, tsunkule saman sake don fara samuwar kambi. Idan ba a aiwatar da samuwar ba, a cikin mafi yawan nau'ikan harbe koleriya suna kwance, suna juya shuka zuwa wani mummunan abu.
